运用文献资料法、实地调查法及访谈法,研究法国促进冰雪产业发展的经验及对我国的启示.主要经验有:注重体育俱乐部发展;构建多层级的财政投入保障制度;采用多元化的方式运营冰雪场馆;强化冰雪资源开发的区域协同;打造冰雪小镇以有效开发和利用冬奥会遗产.对我国的启示:我国冰雪产业的发展要重塑体育俱乐部发展模式,夯实冰雪产业消费的群众基础;建立以目标管理为导向的多层级体育财政补贴制度,引导冰雪产业发展;打造以公共服务供给为导向的社区体育服务综合体,提升冰雪场地设施利用率;强化区域协同发展观,破解冰雪产业发展瓶颈;培育以冰雪产业为主导的体育小镇,实现北京冬奥会遗产可持续发展.

体育企业作为新兴产业之一,其发展需要强有力的金融支持.基于2015-2018年体育产业领域上市公司和新三板挂牌企业数据,运用DEA模型,对我国体育产业的金融支持效率进行测算.研究发现,2015-2018年,体育产业的金融支持效率先降后升;A股市场和新三板市场中,中部或中西部金融支持效率相对较高;A股市场的股权融资作用更大,在新三板市场债权融资的金融支持效率更高.进一步,采用Tobit模型实证检验我国体育产业金融支持效率的影响因素.研究结果表明,公司所有制形式、公司规模与金融支持效率显著正相关;宏观经济风险、股权制衡度对金融支持效率并未产生显著影响.

运用文献资料法、案例分析法及归纳法,分析国外体育场馆PPP模式应用经验,并提出我国体育场馆PPP模式应用的优化措施.主要结论:国外体育场馆PPP模式应用的经验主要有社会资本来源渠道的多样化、收益分配机制具有弹性、治理机制的契约性、资产运营内容的多样性、财政手段运用的灵活性.建议:我国体育场馆PPP项目在实践中亟需优化运作机制以突破场馆发展瓶颈,提高治理水平以防范场馆合作风险,提升资产运营水平以提高场馆预期收益,完善运营的财政政策以促进场馆可持续发展.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的:采用低频振幅（ALFF）指标评估精神分裂症伴迟发性运动障碍（TD）患者静息态脑功能活动及其与TD临床症状之间的关系。方法:对32例精神分裂症伴TD的患者（TD组）,31例精神分裂症不伴TD的患者（非TD组）和32名正常对照（正常对照组）进行静息态脑功能磁共振扫描。分别使用阳性症状与阴性症状量表（PANSS）、异常不自主运动量表（AIMS）及重复性成套神经心理状态测验（RBANS）评估精神症状、异常不自主运动严重程度及认知功能。使用单样本t检验和单因素方差分析及事后比较t检验进行ALFF组内统计和组间比较。运用Pearson相关分析研究感兴趣区ALFF信号值与TD临床特征的关系。结果:TD组PANSS阴性症状得分高于非TD组[（22±5）vs.（17±6）,P&lt;0.01],视觉广度认知得分低于非TD组[（72±14）vs.（82±15）,P&lt;0.01]。TD组在右侧枕上回和楔叶的ALFF信号值低于非TD组（P&lt;0.01,Alpha Sim校正）。相关分析显示TD组样本在右侧枕上回和楔叶的ALFF值与AIM S总分之间呈弱负相关（r=-0.38）,视觉广度认知得分与AIM S总分之间也呈弱负相关（r=-0.44）,均有统计学意义（P&lt;0.05）。结论:本研究提示精神分裂症伴TD患者在静息状态下存在脑自发性神经活动异常,以枕上回和楔叶较为显著,并可能与TD的临床症状相关。</span>

Objective To build the preliminary DNA methylation profiles of schizophrenia patients with tardive dyskinesia（TD）with the methodology of methylated DNA im-munoprecipitation coupled with next-generation sequencing（Me DIP-seq）.Methods A total of 5 schizophrenia patients with TD（TD group）,5 without TD（non-TD group）and 5 healthy controls（HC group）were enrolled

众筹是大众依托互联网平台筹资的一种方式,众筹模式不失为体育场馆融通资金、加速场馆产权交易、盘活场馆资产、分散经营风险的有益尝试.体育场馆众筹类型分为线上和线下两种,体育场馆众筹模式的选择要基于体育场馆的特点.我国体育场馆实施众筹模式,应增强体育场馆众筹项目发起人的创新意识,优化项目内容和回报形式设计;健全体育场馆众筹项目运作机制,防范体育场馆众筹项目法律风险;完善体育场馆众筹平台信息披露制度,规避项目发起人和领投人的道德风险;营造体育场馆众筹项目获得竞争优势的内外部环境,提升项目运营水平.

Objective:To investigate the possible pathological mechanisms of tardive dyskinesia (TD) by analyzing brain cortex morphological changes and it's correlation to abnormal involuntary movement in schizophrenic patients with TD.Methods:Thirty-two schizophrenia patients with TD (TD group),31 schizophrenia patients without TD (non-TD group) and 21 healthy volunteers (control group) were recruited.Combined TD and non TD group into schizophrenia group.The psychopathological symptoms and abnormal involuntary movement were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS).The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data and Freesurfer software were used to measure the gray matter volume,cortical thickness,cortical surface area and volume of sub-conical regions among the three groups.Results:Schizophrenia group had significantly smaller gray matter volume in right nucleus accumbens,bilateral hippocampus,left superior frontal gyrus,left precentral sulcus superior part,and cortical surface area in left precentral sulcus superior part than the controls.The TD group had significantly smaller gray matter volume in right nucleus accumbens,larger gyrus gray matter volume and conical surface area in left precentral sulcus superior part than non-TD group (Ps ＜ 0.05).To test the difference between TD and non-TD group further,the chlorpromazine equivalent dose and PANSS negative scores Was controlled,the TD group still had significantly larger gray matter volume and surface area in left precentral sulcus superior part than the non-TD group [(2.03 ±0.07) × 103mm3 vs.(1.68-± 0.07) × 103 mm3,(1.01 ± 0.03) × 103 mm2 vs.(0.84 ± 0.03) × 103 mm2;Ps ＜ 0.05].Correlation analyses showed in schizophrenia group the cortical thickness in right inferior frontal gyrus correlated negatively with PANSS positive and general scores,positively with total scores;cortical volume in left occipital temporal sulcus correlated negatively with PANSS general and total scores,right inferior frontal gyrus correlated positively with PANSS positive scores,right intraparietal sulcus correlated positively with PANSS positive scores.In TD group,the cortical volume in left precentral sulcus superior part correlated positively with AIMS scores (r =0.46,P ＜0.01).Conclusions:The schizophrenia patients with TD had significantly increased gray matter volume and cortical surface area in left precentral sulcus superior part,which suggested there were motion compensation in the left precentral sulcus superior part in the pathogenesis of TD.

在政策推动与生存需求的双重驱动下,混合所有制改革已经成为我国体育场馆国有资产运营管理改革的方向与目标.采用文献资料法和案例分析法,首先,探讨了我国体育场馆国有资产混合所有制改革的必要性和可行性;其次,分析了体育场馆国有资产混合所有制改革的路径,包括:通过挂牌新三板以实现体育场馆股权多元化,推行体育场馆政府和社会资本合作模式以实现国有资本和社会资本混合,实施资产证券化以拓展场馆国有资产混合所有制改革的渠道,运用众筹模式以加速场馆国有资产混合所有制改革;最后,阐述了与改革路径相配套的产权保护机制.实施体育场馆国有资产混合所有制改革,以期为破解场馆国有资产运营难题探索一条可行的道路,优化场馆国有资产运营机制,实现国有资产保值增值.

Objective: To investigate the cause, prevention and nursing countermeasures of hematoma caused by internal fistula in hemodialysis patients.Methods:120 cases of hemodialysis patients were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, 60 cases in each group. In the control group, routine nursing measures were taken, and the observation group was treated with intensive nursing care.The incidence rate of hematoma and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results: The incidence rate of hematoma in the observation group was 5%, the control group was 20%; the observation group of nursing satisfaction was 90%, the control group was 80%, the observation group hematoma incidence rate, nursing satisfaction was significantly better than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: In hemodialysis patients with internal fistula puncture hematoma by a variety of factors caused and need medical personnel be prevention and nursing countermeasures, as appropriate to extend the new fistula began to use time, or reconstituted fistula three months later to use, so as to enhance the patient compliance.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Egb761 on vacuous chewing movements (VCMs) of haloperidol-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) rats and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and to explore the possible mechanism of treatment. Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the normal saline (NS), TD, Egb761, vitamin E (VitE) group (n=8), processed with NS, haloperidol + NS, haloperidol + Egb761, haloperidol + VitE with 8 rats in each group, the test duration was 10 weeks. VCM was evaluated at each weekend. Venous blood was collected at the end of 10th week, and the serum levels of BDNF and TAC were assayed. Results (1)VCM score of TD, Egb761, VitE group increased gradually after two weeks and reached the peak at the 5th weekend, and they were significantly higher compared with that of NS group(F=8.96,P<0.05). VCM score of Egb761, VitE group dropped gradually after six weeks. At the 10th weekend, VCM score of the two treated groups ((4.1±2.0),(6.5±3.3))were lower markedly than that of TD group(27.9± 5.8), the differences were statistically significant(F=164.44,P<0.01),and the comparison of that with NS group(3.5±1.9)had no significance(F=1.22,P>0.05);(2)At the 10th weekend, serum BDNF((6.9±1.0) ng/L), TAC((11.9±3.2) mU/L) levels of TD group were significantly lower than that of the NS ((8.6±2.5) ng/L, (18.2± 5.5) mU/L),Egb761((8.9 ± 1.5) ng/L, (19.4 ± 4.4) mU/L) and VitE group ((8.7 ± 2) ng/L, (18.6 ± 5.9) mU/L). Serum BDNF and TAC levels of the two groups were higher than that of TD group(F=4.21,F=6.67,P<0.05) after treatment with Egb761 or VitE, there were no significant differences among NS, Egb761 and VitE groups(F=0.25,F=0.88,P>0.05);(3)BDNF serum concentrations were related to the TAC levels (r=0.689, P<0.05) in NS group, however, relationships were not found among the other 3 groups. Conclusions Egb761 and VitE could significantly alleviate VCM score in TD model rats, and decreases of the neurotrophic factors and abnormal metabolism of the free radicals might play a role in etiology of TD.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of treatment and prevention of VitE on vacuous chewing move-ments (VCMs) of haloperidol-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) rats and serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic fac-tor ( BDNF) and total antioxidant capacity ( TAC) , and to explore the possible mechanisms.Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into TD, P-Vit E, T-Vit E and control group (n=8), receiving to-week treatment with Haloperidol (Hal)+NS, Hal+Vit E (medicated at the baseline), Hal+VitE (medicated at the fifth week) or normal saline (NS), respectively.VCM was evaluated at each week.ELISA and spectrophotometer were used to detect the serum levels of BDNF and TAC, respectively.Results The VCM score of both TD group and T-Vit E group increased at the 2nd weekend, reached the peak at the 5th weekend.VCM score of T-Vit E group declined gradually at the 6th weekend and was significantly lower than that in the TD group [(6.5 ±3.3) vs.(27.9 ±5.8), P<0.001] but was not significantly different from the control group (3.5 ±1.9) (P>0.05) at the 10th weekend.There was no significant&nbsp;difference in VCM score between P-Vit E group and control group for ten weeks(P>0.05).At the 10th weekend, serum BDNF [(6.9 ±1.0) pg/mL] and TAC [(11.9 ±3.2) U/mL] levels of TD group were significantly lower than those of the controls [BDNF (8.6 ±2.5) pg/mL, TAC (18.2 ±5.5) U/mL] and T-Vit E group [BDNF (8.7 ±2.0) pg/mL, (18.6 ±5.9) U/mL] (P<0.01).However, there was no significant difference in the BDNF and TAC levels between TD and P-Vit E groups (P>0.05).Conclusions Vit E may relieve and prevent VCM in TD model rats though alleviation of free radical damage.

Objective:To investigate the sensory gating P50 characteristics,its related factors and the effects of risperidone in first-episode patients with schizophrenia. Method:Eighty-seven first-episode untreat-ed patients with schizophrenia(case group)received single risperidone(4 - 6 mg/ d )for 10 weeks. Before and after treatment,the patients were assessed by positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS)and detected by P50 respectively. With the segmentation point of 50% of PANSS reduction rate,the patients were divided into effective and ineffective groups. The results of P50 were compared with 86 healthy subjects(control group). The relationships were analyzed between the indicators of P50 and the clinical factors of the patients. Results:Compared to the control group,the incubation period of auditory conditions(S1)and the test stimulus(S2)in case group before treatment were significantly longer;the amplitudes of S1 and the difference of S1-S2 were sig-nificantly lower;the amplitude S2 / S1 was significantly higher(all P ﹤ 0. 01). After treatment,the amplitudes of S1,S2 were significant lower than before treatment(all P ﹤ 0. 01). The indicators of P50 between the effective and ineffective groups showed no significant difference. In case group before treatment S2 amplitude was posi-tively correlated with PANSS positive symptoms score;the value of S1-S2 was negatively correlated with course and PANSS general mental pathological score;S2 / S1 was positively correlated with course,total score of PANSS and general mental pathological score(all P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion:There are sensory gating deficits associat-ed in first-episode untreated patients with schizophrenia;which is correlated with the course and mental patho-logical symptoms of the patients. Risperidone can affect the amplitudes of S1,S2 of P50,but can not improve its inhibition of defects of the patients.

目的 探讨盐酸度洛西汀肠溶片不同滴定剂量、给药次数对抑郁症疗效和安全性的影响.方法 共纳入抑郁症患者226例.分为3组:A组,起始剂量40 mg/d,3d后加量至60 mg/d;B组,起始剂量40 mg/d,7d后加量至60 mg/d;C组,起始剂量20 mg/d,3d后加量至40 mg/d,7d后加至60 mg/d;给药次数分1次/d和2次/d.以HAMD-17和HAMA以及临床总体印象量表(CGI)作为主要疗效评价指标;以10分制满意度调查表评价患者对治疗的满意度;记录不良反应以评价安全性.结果 基线与治疗6周后,患者的HAMD-17评分分别为(25.2±4.9)分和(5.4±3.8)分;HAMA评分分别为(21.4±7.2)分和(4.0±3.5)分;抑郁和焦虑的痊愈率分别为64.8％和71.4％;CGI-I为非常明显进步的患者占66.1％;满意度＞5分的患者占78.0％;不同剂量滴定和给药次数不影响该药对抑郁、焦虑症状的疗效;滴定方法B可更快缓解患者的抑郁、焦虑症状,且每天2次给药的疗效更为显著;治疗过程中常见的不良反应为恶心(14.9％)、头晕(4.4％);其中滴定方法A、B、C恶心的发生率分别为17.1％,7.1％,17.8％,差异趋于统计学水平(P=0.053).结论 盐酸度洛西汀肠溶片能有效治疗抑郁症患者的抑郁、焦虑症状,安全性良好;40 mg/d起始,7d滴定至60 mg/d可能对患者症状的缓解更为有益.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of vitamin E(Vit E)on the AIMS scores in schizophrenic patients with tar-dive dyskinesia(TD)and possible therapeutic mechanisms. Methods Eligible patients(n =80)would be randomized to receive vitamin E (1 200U/ d)or placebo. The present study would be double blinded and last for 12 weeks. The symptoms of TD and psychopathology were as-sessed by using Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale(AIMS)and Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale(PANSS)respectively,the plasma superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH - Px)activities and maleicdialdehyde(MDA)levels were assayed. Results ①Vit E could be markedly effective in reducing the severities of dyskinesia in patients of TD,but the placebo could not improve the AIMS scores. ②The Vit E might increase the activities of SOD[baseline(85. 8 ±18. 3)U/ ml,after treatment(101. 5 ±25. 1)U/ ml], CAT[baseline(1.8 ±1.1)U/ ml,after treatment(3.1 ±2.1)U/ ml],GSH - Px[ baseline(106.8 ±28.3)U/ ml,after treatment(133.1 ± 31.0)U/ ml]and decrease the levels of MDA[baseline(13.2 ±6. 7)nmol/ ml,after treatmDent(8. 6 ± 5. 5)nmol/ ml]significantly(P <0.05),however,the placebo could not effect on the biochemistry measures. Conclusion Vit E is markedly effective on reducing the severity of dyskinesia in TD,and oxidative damages might be key pathophysiological factor of TD.

本文采用2005年至2007年已完成股改的上市公司数据,实证研究了第一大机构股东与公司价值之间的关系.结果发现,第一大机构股东持股比例与公司价值存在非线性的“锯齿型”关系.随着第一大机构持股比例的增加,公司价值先提高、后降低、再提高.研究结论在一定程度上说明了大力发展机构投资者政策的合理性以及机构投资者入主上市公司产生的积极影响,同时也指出第一大机构股东持股比例不同会对公司价值产生不同的影响.

By the methods of literature review,comparative analysis and induction,this paper analyzed asset management of public service institutions in the United States and Britain in the horizontal perspective. According to the asset management problems of public sports facilities in China,this paper particularly points out its revelation to China's related reform. It puts forward the opinions as follows. China's asset management reform of public sports facilities should change government responsibility,classify the public sport facilities,reform sport state-owned asset management system,clarify property rights,enhance arena asset and financial management,improve operational mechanism through strengthening inter assets and financial management,improve asset management mechanism,set up arena govern mechanism,joint asset management and budget management,and introduce public supervisory mechanism. All the above methods will improve asset management supervisory mechanism and prevent public sports facility's management risk. The advanced experience of the foreign public service institution's asset management provides a new idea and reference for the public sport facility reform in China.

跨区域发展是现代企业发展趋势之一，作为一种企业战略，跨区域发展可以帮助企业获得有价值、重要的资源，建立并且维持企业竞争优势。跨区域发展正是这样一种可以帮助企业发展壮大的重要途径。在同一国内，由于历史、政治、区域文化等原因，每个区域都有不同特点和优势。以资源基础观和制度理论为基础，本文认为，企业跨区域发展战略可以为企业带来良好的绩效，而且市场制度环境影响跨区发展与绩效间的关系。本文试图通过研究房地产企业跨区域发展对绩效的影响，为制度变迁及企业战略制订提供理论依据和实践指导，为政府管理科学化与企业可持续发展提供了途径和方法。

跨区域发展是一种可以帮助企业发展壮大的重要途径,但关于一国之内跨省区的企业发展研究并不充分.本文以资源基础观和制度理论为基础,提出了企业跨省区发展的理论框架,并用房地产上市公司的数据对模型进行验证.实证结果表明,企业跨区域发展战略可以为企业带来良好的绩效;而且项目所在地的市场制度环境发展程度正向调节跨区域发展与绩效间的关系;项目当地的行业竞争状况对企业跨区域发展与绩效间的关系存在显著负向影响;企业产权性质正向调节企业跨区域发展与绩效间的关系.