Aiming at the classification of tunnel surrounding rock, and taking the surrounding rock of a water conveyance tunnel in southwest China as the research object, this paper comprehensively selects 8 indicators such as uniaxial saturated compressive strength of rock, volume joint count, rock mass integrity coefficient, main structural surface occurrence, rock quality, strength-stress ratio, crack weathering.and joint set in hydropower surrounding rock classification and Q system classification as the discriminant factors to establish the corresponding Fisher discriminant model, tests the modeling data one by one by the back-substitution estimation method, with the consistency rate of 89.5%, and applies the discriminant model to the remaining sections of the tunnel to obtain the prediction results, which are consistent with the actual situation. The research results show that Fisher discriminant analysis is easy to understand and accurate in the classification of surrounding rock, which can provide reference for the design, construction, monitoring and further theoretical research of tunnel engineering under similar conditions, with certain engineering application value.

本文以北川县杨家沟为小流域地震地质灾害危险性评价的典型实例,根据地震地质灾害特征,选取坡度、坡向、地层岩性、距断裂带距离、斜坡结构、高程和坡形7个评价因子,在各评价因子对地震地质灾害影响程度分析基础上,采用层次分析法确定评价因子的权重,并在GIS平台下对各评价因子进行综合分析处理,得到小流域地震地质灾害危险性评价图.研究表明,杨家沟地震地质灾害最大影响因子为距断裂带距离,其次为斜坡结构、坡度、地层岩性、高程、坡形及坡向;地震地质灾害危险性评价预测表明,杨家沟流域内高危险区面积8.98 km2,占流域面积的40.43％.对比杨家沟实际地震地质灾害分布情况,占面积70.74％或占总数66.38％的地震地质灾害位于高危险区内,表明危险性评价成果可信度较高.研究成果对小流域地震地质灾害危险性评价方法研究具有一定的意义.

The control of subgrade settlement is very important for the normal operation of highway traffic.Concerning the deformation problem on K95 +-300 ～ K95+490 section of the Chuanzhusi-Wenchuan Highway,based on the analysis of the deformation characteristics and mechanism,the settlement calculation and MIDAS/GTS software are used to analyze the subgrade treatment measures.The results show that the calculation and simulation of the maximum settlement of the embankment are more than 80 cm,and the results are consistent with the actual results.After using steel piles and frame beam control,the maximum settlement amount down to about 77 cm,only reduced by about 5％0.Subgrade still has big settlement,and treatment results are not good which is in line with the actual situation.After adopting CFG pile composite foundation reinforcement,the maximum settlement amount of computation and numerical simulation are respectively 7.2 and 10.8 cm,theoretically reduced by about 90％ the amount of the settlement,with a better control for settlement.Hence CFG pile composite foundation treatment can be used for subgrade treatment.

Paleo-dammed lake deposit is a kind of quaternary strata commonly encountered in highway construction in the upstream of Minjiang River in Sichuan Province,China.Its poor geotechnical characteristics bring many problems to the construction of highway,such as roadbed subsidence and slop failure.In the article,the mineral components,particle distribution,and the basic geotechnical characteristics of paleo-dammed lake deposits are analyzed by conducting a variety of tests.The results indicate that the strata is chiefly made up of silt and clay,and minerals are mainly composed of illite,chlorite and quartz.In natural state,it has the characters of higher void ratio than medium,small permeability and high saturation.Although the strata has experienced long-time consolidation and has always some cementation,its shearing strength is generally low and the compressibility is somewhat significant.

通过本次调查, 以定性评价方法对不同灾种易发程度进行分区, 并结合实际情况综合划分地质灾害易发区, 将北川县划分为地质灾害高易发区、 中易发区、 低易发区三大类, 共3个区10个亚区.

The strength of the sandsoil would decrease in a certain extent while it's wet.That would make a great influence on the stability of a deposit slope with sand layer.There is a case of a deposit slope located on a reservoir in Southwest of China.And the author make an intensive study on the influence of sand layer to the deposit slope's stability under rapid drawdown.This deposit was divided into three layers(i.e.The 1st layer,The 2nd layer,The 3re layer).The 2nd layer& The 3re layer contained a large fraction of sand,that indicated an alluvial properties obviously.After that,a numerical simulation of PWP was implemented under impounding and rapid drawdown condition by finite element method(FEM).In terms of that,the stability analysis was carried out under rapid drawdown condition by utilizing limited equilibrium method(LEM),Which considered the matric suction of unsaturated soil.At last,an intensive study on the influence of sand layer to the stability of deposit slope under rapid drawdown condition was carried out by compared two numerical models(i.e.one is with sand layer& the other is without sand layer).

In southwest mountainous area of China,landslide has become a threat to people and property as one of main geologic disasters.The paper is studied on stability of a thick layer of accumulation landslide,on the spot investigation and laboratory based on numerical analysis,It is found out the influencing factors of landslide,abundant rainfall is the main induction factor of the landslide,further excavation at the toe of the slope is aggravated of losing stability of landslide.Landslide is stable under natural condition,unstable in storm conditions.

The existing status of water injection system are the blocking of injection water wells,greater pump well pressure difference,un-uniform water absorption,low-efficiency of water injection pumps and low-efficiency of water ejection.The existing problems of water injection system are randomly scattered oil well,inappropriate water well distribution,different geological conditions,big difference in water injection in the same area,great pressure difference between injection water wells,equipment aging and low automatic control level of water injection system,etc.The water injection optimization and results are systematically analyzed in respect of water injection parameters,adaptability of injection water wells,construction process,pressure-based water injection process and pressure-limit water injection process etc.Several recommendations are proposed.

在对研究区工程地质条件研究的基础上,通过现场调查、对楞古栋滑坡区的工程地质条件、滑坡的边界条件和滑坡的坡体结构进行研究,结合滑坡稳定性的影响因素,根据楞古栋滑坡坡表滑坡堆积物的地形地貌、地质结构以及变形失稳破坏的模式等,选取纵剖面作为计算依据;以边坡稳定性计算时采用的强卸荷带内组合结构面以及基覆基面作为滑动面;塌滑范围依据平面地质图上的潜在滑移体的边界。考虑斜坡稳定性、坡体结构、失稳破坏的机制,结合工程实际情况,对岸坡进行失稳后的涌浪计算分析。

This paper carried on the ion analysis for the injected water from the water injection system of Zhangtianqu Oilfield.On the basis of analyzing the typical parts of scaling sample by using chemical analysis,XRD and SEM,the saturation index method and SCALECHEM analytical software system were used to predict the types and trends of scaling under different water stress conditions.Finally the paper puts forward comprehensive anti-scaling measures.