[目的]探讨60％氧氟·丁噻隆WG防除甘蔗田杂草的可行性.[方法]采用等效线法评价丁噻隆与乙氧氟草醚对马唐和反枝苋的联合作用.采用芽前封闭试验测定60％氧氟·丁噻隆WG对杂草防效及甘蔗安全性.[结果]丁噻隆与乙氧氟草醚按有效成分5:1比例混配,对马唐和反枝苋的协同增效作用明显.药后60 d,60％氧氟·丁噻隆WG(600～1 200 g a.i./hm2)对杂草防效大于82％,对甘蔗安全.[结论]60％氧氟·丁噻隆WG防除甘蔗田杂草具有防效好、杀草谱广、对甘蔗安全等特点.

探讨甘蔗螟虫的化学防治,为筛选高效的防治药剂提供科学依据.采用蔗茎浸渍法测定了噻虫嗪、杀虫单及其混配对黄螟幼虫的室内毒力.结果表明噻虫嗪和杀虫单复配表现出明显的增效作用,噻虫嗪与杀虫单比值为1∶18时增效作用最显著,共毒系数为133.43.根据最佳配比配制成3.8％颗粒剂进行防治甘蔗螟虫的田间试验,结果表明3.8％杀虫单·噻虫嗪颗粒剂制剂用量55、70 kg/hm2施药90天后的防效分别为80.1％、85.4％,可作为防治甘蔗螟虫替代农药.

[目的]明确60％草甘膦·2甲4氯钠·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯WP对桉树林地杂草的防治效果、最佳田间使用剂量及对桉树的安全性.[方法]采用行间定向茎叶喷雾施药,定期调查的方法进行田间药效试验.[结果]60％草甘膦·2甲4氯钠·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯WP推荐剂量为1 687.5～2 250 g a.i./hm2,施药后30 d对杂草总体株防效、鲜质量防效均超过93％,防效优于50％草甘膦SP、56％2甲4氯钠SP和200 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC单剂,且对桉树安全.[结论]60％草甘膦·2甲4氯钠·氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯WP能够有效防除桉树林地杂草并对桉树具有较好的安全性.

Field test results showed that when 40% ametryn oil miscible flowable concentrated with 1440~1800a.i.g/ha was spayed on weed at 2~5 leaves stage in sugarcane field could have a good control on gramineae and broadleaf weed,and the integrated effect was over 90% for 40 days after spaying.In the same dosage condition,it had a better effect than flowable concentrate and wettable powder products.

分析了草甘膦生产废水的来源和危害,对吸附法处理草甘膦生产废水进行了重点阐述,并对四类吸附剂的应用研究现状和发展趋势进行了综述。结果表明:吸附法是同时实现废水中草甘膦的脱除和回收的有效技术,但目前使用的吸附剂的低性能限制了该技术的推广。

The effect of 15% ethoxysulfuron WG for weeds control in sugarcane field was evaluated.The results showed that the strain control effect of 15% ethoxysulfuron WG against Spermacoce latifolia(Aubl.),Ageratum conyzoides L.,Conyza Canadensis L.,Rhizoma Cyperi was 87.29%～97.16%,89.68%～98.75%,85.53%～95.47%,91.20%～99.73%,respectively.The control effect of fresh weight was 89.62%～98.19%,88.76%～98.17%,87.38%～94.60% and 92.30%～99.82%,respectivily.The product was safety to sugarcane.

The 40% ametryn oil miscible flowable concentrate was prepared by screening some main adjuvants of the formulation such as dispersion medium,emulsifier,dispersing agents and thickener.Physical and chemical properties of the 40% ametryn oil flowable concentrate were determined.The preparation had no appearance of stratification and could disperse in water wel1,and its indexes were in line with the relevant standards of oil suspension.

[Objective]The technique of the preparation of 30% oxyfluorfen and acetochlor emulsion in water was researched.[Method]The method of 30% oxyfluorfen and acetochlor emulsion,in which the oxyfluorfen,acetochlor,emulsifier,solvent oil,antifreeze and anti-foaming agent was used as main raw material,and its formulation was optimized.And the parameter of the formulation was evaluated.[Re-sults]The best formulation consisted of 5.0% oxyfluorfen,25.0% acetochlor,15.0% solvent oil 200#,S-80 emulsifier 5.2%,602# emulsi-fier 2.8%,ethylene glycol 4.0%,antifoaming agents 0.3% and water.And the testing result of the formulation indicated the appearance,dispersion,emulsion stability,heat storage rate and decomposition rate of water met the specification required.[Conclusion]The technique of 30% oxyfluorfen acetochlor EW was relatively simple,with stable performance,reliable quality,low content of toxicity,easy storage and safe-ty utilization and also with good environmental compatibility,low cost and strong market competitiveness.

The study on the Rhizoma cyperi(Cyperus rotundus L.) in Manilagrass turfgrass with two sulfonylureas herbicide showed that the control effect of 25% flazasulfuron was 84.8% at the dosage of 5 g per 667 m2,and reached 98.8% at the dosage of 20 g per 667 m2.The control effect of 75% Trifloxysulfuron was 90.7% at the dosage of 2 g per 667 m2,and reached 100% at the dosage of 8 g per 667 m2.The control effect of 56% MCPA-Na was 49.4% at the dosage of 100 g per 667 m2.

[Aims] The research aimed to establish a HPLC method for the determination of MCPA-sodium,ametryn and diuron in 73% WP.[Methods] The HPLC conditions were C18 column,acetonitrile-water(0.1 mol/L KH2PO4,40∶60,by vol) as mobile phase,UV detection at 210 nm,and an external standard method.[Results] The linear correlations of MCPAsodium,arnetryn and diuron were 0.9997,0.9995 and 0.9998 respectively.The standard deviations were 0.19,0.25 and 0.22 respectively.The variation coefficients were 1.81,0.60 and 0.94% respectively.The average recoveries were 100.0,100.1 and 99.9% respectively.[Conclusions] The analytical method for determination of MCPA-sodium,ametryn and diuron in 73% WP at one column and one condition is simple,rapid and reliable.It′s a preferred method of analysis.

[Objective]The aim of the present study was to determine the efficiency of 73% mixed MCPA-Na,ametryn and diuron WP on controlling weeds in sugarcane field.[Method]Different herbicides(56% MCPA-Na SP 840 a.i.g/ha,80% ametryn WP 1440 a.i.g/ha,80% diuron WP 1440 a.i.g/ha) and their different concentrations(876,1314,1752 and 2628 a.i.g/ha) were used to control weeds in the sugarcane fields,with water as the control.The controlling effects were investigated after 20 and 40 d of spraying.[Result]The controlling effects of 73% MCPA-Na,ametryn and diuron WP on plant and fresh weight were higher than 90.00% after 20 and 40 d of spraying.The weedicide application @ 876-2628a.i.g/ha resulted in control of most of the monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in sugarcane field,and showed better controlling effects compared to spraying single dose of 56% MCPA-Na SP,80% ametryn WP and 80% diuron WP.[Conclusion]73% mixed MCPA-Na,ametryn and diuron WP @ 1314-1752 a.i.g/ha may be recommended to control weeds in sugarcane field.

Cyperus rotundus L.was a destructive weed in sugarcane field and caused serious damage to sugarcane production.Field plot experiment of four herbicides against Cyperus rotundus L.in sugarcane field was conducted.The result showed that XIANGSHAYIJIAN 56 %WP at the doses of 840 to 1680 a.i.g/hm2 had relatively good control effect on the 4-6 leaves of Cyperus rotundus L.and other broadleaves.After 45 days of application,its control efficiency against Cyperus rotundus L.was above 92.0 %,and it was safe to the sugarcane at the recommended rate of application.

The results of laboratory tests showed that the LC50 of abamectin 0.8% CS against Prodenia litura Fabricius,Pieris rapae(L.),Plutella xylostella(L.) was 27.72,1.69 and 0.85 mg/L,respectively,which was approximately equal to the toxicity of abamectin 0.8% EC.The persistence tests showed that the effectiveness of abamectin 0.8% CS was better than that of abamectin 0.8% EC,particularly during 1-14 d.Field trials indicated that,at the dosage of 14.4 g/hm2,the control efficacy of abamectin 0.8% CS was over 89% on day 7 and over 80% on day 14 after treatment,and the effectiveness lasted for about 14 d.

Through the screening test and the control effect test of technical,various pesticide adjuvant and filler,the best formulation of bensulfuron-methyl and mefenacet 15% EB from various pesticide adjuvant was screened.The optimized formulation was: bensulfuron-methyl 2%,pretilachlor 13%,SDS 2.5%,NNO 4%,citric acid 14.5%,sodium bicarbonate 16.5%,lactose 6%,magnesium stearate 2%,add compound fillers with m(silica white):(bentonite)=1:1 respectively up to 100%.The result of control effect in field indicated that the index of effervescent tablet corresponded to the requirement of pesticides.In the dosage of 180 a.i.g/hm2 to 225 a.i.g/hm2,the product had good effect in rice fields,and the effect was better than other kinds of herbicide,it had the value for popularization in business.

The present study was conducted to study the effect of chlorpyrifos cartap granule(8%) on controlling sugarcane borer under filed conditions.The pesticide terbufos granule(5%) @ 3.0 kg ai/ha was used as the control,and chlorpyrifos cartap granule(8%) was applied @ 2.0,2.5 and 3.0 kg active ingredients(ai)/ha in loose and uphill soil.The application of chlorpyrifos cartap granule(8%) resulted in over 75% control efficacy on sugarcane borer after applying 60 and 90 days,though it was quite similar to the control,there were no significant differences.On the basis of results obtained in this study,it is suggested that 8% chlorpyrifos cartap granules may be used to control sugarcane borer when applied @ 2.0-3.0 kg ai/ha at the time of planting for plant crop or loosening soil for ratoon crop.

A research was made on the preparation method of permethrin·a-(L)-terpineol 15% EW, and a satisfactory formulation of emulsion in water was selected by evaluating its parameter. The formulation of emulsion in water consisted of permethrin 10%, a-(L)-terpineol 5%, xylene 15%, 500# emulsifier 4%, 602# emulsifier 4%, anti-freeze agents 5%, antifoaming agents 0.3% and water. And the formulation of emulsion in water measured up to specifi cations of emulsion in water by testing.

The thermal stabilities of 4 kinds of insecticides in 6 kinds of fertilizers are determined,the results show that the decomposition rate of terbufos in MAP is of 4.7%, thermal decomposition rates of pesticide both chlorpyrifos and cartap are qualified of less than 5% mixed in the compound fertilizer with m(urea) ∶ m(MAP) ∶ m(KCl) = 2 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 respectively,however,thermal stabilities of carbofuran in 6 kinds of fertilizers are bad.

In this paper,it was proposed the method of synthetic diethanolamine.Before the reaction of epoxy ethane and ammonia,monoethanolamine which was previously synthesized was put into reactor in the cycle.A set of reaction equipment,which was easy to control,the product had high purity,and the operating process was safety and healthy,was designed.The influence factors of synthesis were studied and the experiment result showed that the product had less impurity content,the molar ratio of MEA∶DEA∶TEA was 13.1∶60.4∶20.8,epoxy ethane conversion percent was 87.6% when the reaction temperature was 50℃,the reaction pressure was 0.5MPa,NH3/EO was 4∶1 and monoethanolamine was circulated 5 times.

[Objective]The study aimed to investigate the kinds of pests and diseases of Pelargonium graveolens L.Her and their damages and explore its control technique on its main pests.[Method]In 2007-2008,the pests and diseases of P.graveolens were investigated in mainly planting base in Guangxi province and the field experiment was made by randomized block design.[Result]There were 22 kinds of pests and 5 kinds of diseases on P.graveolens,in which,the peak of the mainly pest Prodenia litura Fabricius occurred in June and September.The field experiment showed that 5% hexaflumuron SC and 1% emamectin benzoate SC had higher control effect on the Prodenia litura Fabricius,with the control efficiency after the pesticide application for 7 d being over 88.58% and the effective duration being 14 d.[Conclusion]The study provided a useful support for the disease and pest control work in the standardized plant of P.graveolens.

The result of field experiments in 2008 showed that the propiconazol 25% EW was diluted 600 times,1000 times,2000 times to spraying,respectively.And the propiconazol 25% EC diluted 1000 times was used as control treatment and the control effect was calculated by investigating disease index.The result showed that when dilution was 600～2000 times,the propiconazol 25% EW provided 54.83%～77.16%protection,among them the control effect of 1000 times dilution was 61.94%～70.41%,this control levels approximately equal to the control efficacy provided by propiconazol 25% EC at the same consistency.