Background:Although percutaneous osteoplasty (POP) has been widely accepted and is now being performed for the treatment of painful bone metastases outside the spine. It is emerging as one of the most promising procedures for patients with painful bone metastasis who are unsuitable for surgery or who show resistance to radiotherapy and/or analgesic therapies. However, there are only scarce reports regarding osteoplasty in painful sternal metastases.Subjects and Method:We report four patients with sternal metastases suffered with severe pain of anterior chest wall. The original tumors included lung cancer and thyroid cancer. For the initially pain medication failing, all the four patients received POP procedure under fluoroscopic and cone-beam CT (CBCT) guidance, and obtained satisfying resolution of painful symptoms at 6-month postop follow-up.Conclusion:POP is a safe and effective treatment for pain caused by metastatic bone tumors in the sternum. In practice, however, percutaneous puncture of pathologic sternal fractures can be a challenge because of the long flat contour and the defacement by lytic tumor of bony landmarks. We find that the use of fluoroscopic and CBCT can facilitate POP for flat bone fractures with displacing the trajectory planning, needle advancement, and cement delivery in time.

目的 探讨内镜下OTSC系统在处理腹腔镜胃癌根治术后吻合口漏中的应用及疗效.方法 选择2017年1月至2019年6月经OTSC治疗的3例胃癌根治术后食管吻合口漏患者为研究对象,男2例,女1例.所有患者在接受内镜操作前均进行了有效的抗感染治疗、通畅的引流措施及足够的营养支持.利用内镜下OTSC系统处理吻合口漏,包括食管-空肠吻合口漏1例,食管-残胃吻合口漏2例.结果 OTSC治疗距首次手术时间分别为45 d、27 d、28 d,漏口直径分别为8 mm、10 mm、2 mm,每例患者均使用1枚OTSC夹,OTSC系统操作时间分别为20 min、12 min、11 min,术中确认成功封堵漏口共2例,虽然另外1例未完全闭合漏口,但通过内科保守治疗后痊愈.总住院时间分别为74 d、48 d、22 d.随访时间分别为18个月、34个月、6个月,3例患者已恢复经口进食,目前均无瘤存活,无术中出血、迟发性出血、术后吻合口狭窄等并发症.结论 使用OTSC治疗胃癌根治术后食管吻合口漏安全、微创、可靠,不足之处费用较高,特殊部位的操作对于内镜医师的经验要求较高,推荐在有经验的专科中心推广应用.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) scoring system was developed to stratify the risk of colorectal advanced neoplasm (AN). We aimed to evaluate the performance of the APCS score combined with a stool DNA test used for colorectal cancer screening.METHODS: A total of 2842 subjects who visited outpatient clinics or cancer screening centers were enrolled. Age, sex, smoking status, and family history were recorded and APCS scores were calculated in 2439 participants. A stool DNA test (SDC2 and SFRP2 tests) and fecal immuno-chemical test (FIT) were performed and colonoscopy was used as the gold standard among 2240 subjects who completed all study procedures. We used a threshold of 4.4 mu g/g for the FIT, in addition to the manufacturer's recommended threshold of 20 mu g/g to match the specificity of a stool DNA test.RESULTS: Based on the APCS score, 38.8% (946 of 2439) of the subjects were categorized as high risk, and they had a 1.8-fold increase in risk for AN (95% CI, 1.4-2.3) compared with low and moderate risk. The APCS combined with the stool DNA test detected 95.2% of invasive cancers (40 of 42) and 73.5% of ANs (253 of 344), while the colonoscopy workload was only 47.1% (1056 of 2240). The sensitivity for AN of APCS combined with stool DNA test was significantly higher than that of APCS combined with FIT (73.5% vs 62.8% with FIT cut-off value of 20 mu g/g, and 73.5% vs 68.0% with FIT cut-off value of 4.4 mu g/g; both P < .01).CONCLUSIONS: The APCS score combined with a stool DNA test significantly improved the detection of colorectal ANs, while limiting colonoscopy resource utilization (Chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR-DDD-17011169).

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of combined laparoscopic gastroscopy（LECS）in the treatment of difficult gastric stromal tumors（GST）.Methods:Sixty cases of GST at difficult sites that received radical surgery from January 2013 to January 2023 were retrospectively included. The patients were divided into two groups according to the operation methods：double-lens group（28 cases）and laparotomy group（32 cases）. SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Perioperative indicators and other measurement data were expressed by（xˉ±s），and independent sample t test was performed. The statistical data of postoperative complications were χ2 or Fisher test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Compared with the laparotomy group，patients in the double-lens group had less blood loss and faster postoperative recovery time. There were no significant differences in operative time，positive margin，postoperative complications and postoperative exhaust time（P>0.05）.Conclusion:LECS is a precise，minimally invasive，safe and reliable method for GST treatment of difficult sites. It has the advantages of less bleeding and faster postoperative recovery，and can achieve the radical effect of tumor treatment equivalent to open surgery，which has great potential for clinical promotion.

目的 探讨经内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,ERCP)治疗胰胆管合流异常(pancreaticobiliary maljunction,PBM)的临床效果及预后.方法 回顾性分析2014 年 1 月至 2020 年 12 月解放军总医院第七医学中心收治的 60 例PBM患儿的临床资料,根据治疗方法分为ERCP组(n=30)和外科手术组(n=30).分析患儿的临床资料、辅助检查和预后情况.统计学方法采用Wilcoxon秩和检验、Mann-Whitney检验、χ2 检验或Fisher确切概率法.结果 ERCP依据日本胰胆功能障碍研究小组(Japanese study group on pancreaticobiliary maljunction,JSGPM)-PBM分型标准,以 A型(10例,33.3%)、B型(10例,33.3%)为主,而外科手术组以C型(11例,36.7%)、D型(14例,46.7%)为主,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组患者的手术成功率均为 100%.ERCP组与外科手术组的恢复进食时间[5.0(2.6,6.4)与 9.0(8.0,12.0)d,Z=3.489,P<0.001],术后住院时长[8.0(5.3,13.5)与 17.0(14.0,20.8)d,Z=6.408,P<0.001],住院总费用[2.8(2.2,4.1)与 7.3(5.4,9.8)万元,Z=5.562,P<0.001],ERCP组均低于外科手术组.术后两组患儿的肝胆功能实验室检查指标呈下降趋势.随访6 个月,ERCP组的术后疾病缓解率为 86.2%(25/29),外科手术组的术后疾病缓解率为 63.0%(17/27);随访 12 个月,ERCP组的术后疾病缓解率为 96.0%(24/25),外科手术组的术后疾病缓解率为 88.5%(23/26),两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).结论 对JSGPM-PBM分型中的A型及B型且病情急性变化的PBM患儿进行ERCP治疗,可有效缓解症状,改善预后.

目的 探讨冷圈套息肉切除术(cold snare polypectomy,CSP)治疗结直肠10～15 mm息肉的疗效及安全性.方法 研究设计为前瞻性观察性研究.研究对象为2018年1月至2020年1月从中国人民解放军总医院第七医学中心接受结肠镜检查发现的10～15 mm结直肠息肉并采用CSP切除的患者.主要观察指标是CSP的完全切除率,次要指标为CSP相关不良事件发生率.结果 研究共纳入119枚10～15 mm结直肠息肉,直径为(11.1±1.6)mm.CSP的完全性切除率为95.0％.术中即时出血发生率为8.4％(10/119),均通过内镜下钛夹夹闭成功止血,未发现其他CSP相关不良事件的发生.结论 CSP切除结直肠较大息肉的安全性好.但对于10 mm直径以上息肉进行冷切除,最好对病变进行充分的病理学评估.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term efficacy of dual biologics combination therapy in the treatment of refractory Crohn′s disease (CD) .Methods:The clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of 5 cases of refractory CD treated with biologics dual-target therapy in the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 26, 2020 and August 15, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The relevant literatures were reviewed and summarized by searching the articles on biologics dual-target therapy published in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library until August 2021.Results:Five patients with refractory CD were all male, aged 40.8 (23.0, 56.0) years, with disease course of 10.4 (6.0, 17.0) years, including 2 patients treated with infliximab (IFX) in combination with ustekinumab (UST) . Two patients treated with IFX in combination with vedolizumab (VDZ) and 1 patient treated with UST in combination with VDZ. Laboratory and colonoscopy examinations were performed 14 weeks after combination therapy in the VDZ containing group and 16 weeks after combination therapy in the VDZ free group. Results of examinations after treatment indicated that 1 case presented clinical remission, 3 cases presented clinical response and 3 cases presented endoscopic response. Combination therapy group with UST had better efficacy. None of the 5 patients had special adverse drug reactions during follow-up for six months after combined treatment. A total of 17 relevant reports were retrieved.Conclusion:Biologic dual-target therapy may be a short-term effective and safe treatment for refractory CD.

Early detection of colorectal cancer and precursor lesions under colonoscopy, and timely and optimal treatment remain the crucial means for reducing colorectal cancer-related deaths. In this article, we focused on the hot spots in recent years, reviewed the progress of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of serrated lesions and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related dysplasia, the application of endocytoscopy and the management of early colorectal cancer/precancerous lesions, and provided new prospects for future studies.

克罗恩病治疗主要以药物为主，而难治性克罗恩病可能还需内镜甚至手术干预，尤其对于术后复发患者，如何权衡药物、内镜及再次手术的利弊，是临床上的难题。本文报道1例（17岁男童）经激素、硫唑嘌呤、手术、阿达木单抗及英夫利西单抗治疗后仍反复发作的难治性克罗恩病患儿，在无症状、体重增加但炎症指标升高的情况下，内镜下仅发现肠吻合口小溃疡，此时如何调整药物、是否选择内镜干预或手术难以抉择。该患者最终通过多学科联合会诊及医患共同决策，选择经内镜钳管道置入造影管，注入造影剂明确是短段狭窄后，行内镜下狭窄切开，发现吻合口口侧端活动期纵行溃疡，果断转换药物，结合内镜干预，避免了再次手术。

Objective:To study the effectiveness of a strategy for detecting early gastric cancer using high-definition gastroscopy.Methods:A total of 849 patients over 35 years old who underwent gastroscopy in the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from December 2018 to January 2019 were enrolled to a prospective study. During gastroscopy, biopsies were taken at any suspicious lesions in patients who had never been infected with Helicobacter pylori. In ulcer-type lesions, biopsies were taken at the edge of the ulcer. Outside the atrophic area, biopsies were taken at lesions in the cardia which were reddish under white light, or lesions in the non-cardiac area which were white or showed clear borders under white light. Inside the atrophic area, biopsies were taken at elevated lesions with clear borders or irregular depressions on the top, or flat/depressed lesions with irregular borders or being ocherous under narrow band imaging. In addition, biopsies were performed on any lesion that did not meet the above standard but was considered necessary. The high-risk patients were followed up by gastroscopy to observe the detection and missed diagnosis of neoplasm that meet the above standard, and to determine the sensitivity and positive predictive value of the strategy. Results:A total of 548 patients were biopsied (781 lesions). Among the 327 lesions that met the above standard, 16 lesions (4.9%) were diagnosed as epithelial neoplasm, of which 10 (3.1%) were high-grade neoplasm. Among the 454 lesions that did not meet the standard, only 1 (0.2%) epithelial neoplasm was diagnosed, and there was no high-grade neoplasm. The positive predictive value of this screening strategy for gastric epithelial neoplasm and high-grade neoplasm was higher than those who did not meet the standard (4.9% VS 0.2%, χ2=19.49, P<0.01; 3.1% VS 0, P<0.001). There were 146 patients (17.2%, 146/849) followed up by gastroscopy. During the follow-up, 2 high-grade intramucosal neoplasms were found. 84.2% (16/19) of epithelial tumors and 83.3% (10/12) of high-grade neoplasm were detected during the initial gastroscopy. Conclusion:This screening strategy can efficiently detect early gastric cancer under high-definition gastroscopy.

Objective:To propose a strategy for detecting early gastric cancer (EGC) under high-definition gastroscopy.Methods:Data of 469 lesions of EGC or high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) confirmed by pathology detected at The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2013 to January 2020 were collected and gastroscopic images were re-interpreted. The Helicobacter pylori ( HP) infection status, lesion location in the area of atrophy or at the cardia, morphological type of lesions, lesions with/without clear or regular boundary, and lesion color were analyzed for morphological characteristics of EGC and HGIN under high-definition gastroscopy. Results:Among the 469 lesions of EGC or HGIN, HP-negative lesions accounted for 2.1% (10/469) and ulcerative lesions for 7.7% (36/469). Among non-ulcerative lesions of suspected HP infection ( n=423), there were 28 lesions in the cardia outside the atrophic area and 82.1% (23/28) were reddish under white light imaging. There were 29 non-cardiac lesions outside the atrophic area and 82.8% (24/29) were white or showed clear border under white light imaging. Inside the atrophic area, there were 73 elevated lesions, 95.9% (70/73) of which had clear border or irregular depression on the top. There were 293 flat/depressed lesions in the atrophic area, and 90.8% (266/293) had irregular border or were brown under narrow band imaging. Conclusion:According to the status of HP infection, the location and morphological category of lesions, above endoscopic features can be used as clues to detect EGC and HGIN.

To evaluate the efficacy of the Asia-Pacific colorectal screening (APCS) score combined with the quantitative fecal immunochemical test in colorectal neoplasia screening. Subjects who appointment to receive colonoscopy were recruited from August 2017 to May 2019 in the digestive endoscopy center. Before the colonoscopy, all subjects were scored by the Asia Pacific colorectal cancer screening scoring system and measured by quantitative fecal immunochemical test (QFIT). The detection rates of colorectal neoplasia were compared to evaluate the efficacy of the combined assay in colorectal neoplasia screening between APCS score and QFIT. A total of 1 420 subjects were enrolled in this study, APCS score medium-risk (MR) and high-risk (HR) groups were 847 (59.7%) and 573 (40.4%) and 26 cases (1.8%) of colorectal cancer, 196 cases (13.8%) of advanced adenoma, and 395 cases (27.8%) of non-advanced adenoma were detected. With the combination of APCS score and QFIT, participants were classified into 4 groups high-risk with positive QFIT result group G1, high-risk with negative QFIT result group G2, medium-risk with positive QFIT group G3, medium-risk negative QFIT group G4. The prevalence of colorectal neoplasia was 64.3%, 16.4%, 55.0%, and 9.8%, respectively. The prevalence of advanced neoplasia in high-risk with QFIT results was significantly higher than that in other 3 groups. HR and positive QFIT were the indicators for further colonoscopy, and MR with FIT negative group could postpone colonoscopy and conduct annual QFIT follow-up. The combination of APCS score and QFIT for colorectal neoplasia screening can reduce unnecessary colonoscopy, improve colonoscopy compliance and screening efficiency, and has important clinical significance and promotion value in colorectal tumor screening.

Objective:To analyze the endoscopic and histological characteristics of Helicobacter pylori ( HP)-negative early gastric cancer (EGC) and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN). Methods:Data of patients diagnosed as having EGC or HGIN confirmed by pathology at the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2013 to January 2020 were collected. Patients were included according to the diagnostic criteria of HP-negative gastric cancer, and their endoscopic features and histopathological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Among 469 lesions of EGC/HGIN, HP-negative lesions accounted for 2.1% (10/469), which included 3 signet ring cell carcinomas, 3 fundic gland type carcinomas, 1 foveolar adenocarcinoma, 1 HGIN of the cardia, 1 familial adenomatous polyposis with gastric HGIN, and 1 Lynch syndrome with gastric HGIN. The 3 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma were all whitish flat/depressed lesions and commonly seen in the lower part of the stomach (2/3). Most of the 7 cases of differentiated EGC/HGIN were elevated type (5/7) and commonly seen in the upper and middle stomach (6/7). Conclusion:HP-negative EGCs are usually solitary lesions under gastroscopy. Undifferentiated type mostly appears whitish flat/depressed in the lower part of the stomach, while differentiated type appears elevated in the upper and middle part.

帽状息肉病是一种相对罕见的大肠慢性炎症性疾病，多数患者可通过根除幽门螺杆菌（ H. pylori）达到症状缓解和息肉消失，少部分可通过5-氨基水杨酸、类固醇、甲硝唑、英夫利昔单抗等药物治疗好转。也有报道经内镜切除及外科手术获得好转，但复发率较高。本文报道1例帽状息肉病患者的诊治过程，患者初始被误诊为管状腺瘤，经内镜下切除后复发，最后经多学科讨论诊断帽状息肉病，通过根除 H. pylori治愈，希望通过本例加强临床医师对帽状息肉病的认识。

Objective:To prospectively follow up the patients with ileocecal inflammatory lesions, to explore the characteristics of Crohn′s disease(CD) at early stage, and to provide references for early diagnosis of CD.Methods:From January 2013 to December 2018, at Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 232 patients with unexplained ileocecal inflammatory lesions under colonoscopy examination were enrolled, which were followed up for more than one year. Chi-square test and Fisher exact probability text were used to compare the patients with early CD, with non-specific enteritis and intestinal tuberculosis in abdominal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distension, constipation, hematochezia, changes in bowel habits), accompanying symptoms (oral ulcer, arthralgia), the proportion of patients with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) level, serum antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA), tuberculosis infection of T cells spot test, positive rate of fecal occult blood, lesion size, morphology, involvement site under endoscopy and histopathological results. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of early CD.Results:Among 232 patients, 155 were males and 77 were females, and the age of first diagnosis was (43.9±13.8) years old. The follow-up period (range) was 27 months (12 to 79 months). Twenty-nine cases (12.5%) were diagnosed as early CD, 45 cases (19.4%) were intestinal tuberculosis, 105 cases (45.3%) were non-specific enteritis, and 53 cases (22.8%) as undetermined. All of 29 patients with early CD had abdominal symptoms, which accounted for 16.9% (29/172) of 172 patients with ileoceccal inflammatory lesion as well as abdominal symptoms. In early CD patients, the proportions of patients with abdominal pain, elevated CRP level and ESR level, positive rate of ASCA, positive rate of tuberculosis infection T cells and percentage of patients with thickened intestinal wall were all higher than those in patients with non-specific enteritis (62.1%, 18/29 vs. 33.3%, 35/105; 13.8%, 4/29 vs. 0; 13.8%, 4/29 vs. 1.0%, 1/105; 24.1%, 7/29 vs. 1.0%, 1/105; 20.7%, 6/29 vs. 3.8%, 4/105; 95.7%, 22/23 vs. 0), and the proportion of patients without abdominal symptoms was lower than that of patients with non-specific enteritis (0 vs. 31.4%, 33/105). And the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=6.692, Fisher exact probability text, χ2=7.162, χ2=17.826, χ2=7.497, Fisher exact probability text, and Fisher exact probability text, all P<0.05). Early CD patients were more likely to have multiple lesion sites (55.2%, 16/29), and mainly deep ulcers (55.2%, 16/29) and ulcers with a long diameter of 5 to 10 mm (39.3%, 11/28). The lesions of non-specific enteritis were mostly confined to the end of ileum (75.2%, 79/105), which were mainly superficial ulcers (41.0%, 43/105) and ulcers with a long diameter less than 5 mm (69.0%, 49/71). The proportion of patients without abdominal symptoms and the positive rate of tuberculosis infection of T cells spot test of early CD patients were both lower than those of intestinal tuberculosis group (0 vs. 15.6%, 7/45 and 20.7%, 6/29 vs. 68.9%, 31/45). The positive rate of ASCA and the proportion of patients with thickened intestinal wall were higher than those of intestinal tuberculosis group (24.1%, 7/29 vs. 0 and 95.7%, 22/23 vs. 11/19), and the differences were statistically significant (Fisher exact probability text, χ2=13.713, Fisher exact probability text and χ2=6.710, all P<0.05). The results of multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that abdominal pain and positive ASCA were independent risk factors for early CD (odds ratio ( OR)=2.855, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.014 to 8.037, P=0.047; OR=10.033, 95% CI 2.274 to 44.250, P=0.002). Conclusions:Prospective follow-up for more than one year in patients with unexplained ileocecal inflammatory lesions can effectively identify and diagnose early CD. Ileocecal inflammatory lesions with abdominal symptoms are one of the early manifestations of CD. Abdominal pain and positive serum ASCA at the initial diagnosis are independent risk factors for early diagnosis of CD.

目的 探索某炮兵旅官兵阶梯式高原驻训时的心理状态及影响因素.方法 采用GAD-7焦虑与PHQ-9抑郁国际量表调查2019年4月至9月阶梯式进驻高原(从海拔800～2200 m驻训3个月后转入4500 m)训练1个月后的357名官兵的负性情绪评分,采用SPSS 22.0软件统计分析其相关因素.结果 调查问卷有效回收率为100％(357/357).驻训期间,357名官兵中无抑郁、焦虑者占81.8％(292/357),焦虑者占2.5％(9/357),抑郁者占7.6％(27/357),合并焦虑和抑郁者占8.1％(29/357).单因素分析发现,年龄增大(P=0.022)和已婚状态(P=0.002)与焦虑状态密切相关;但多因素回归分析发现,无影响焦虑或抑郁发生的独立危险因素.结论 高原驻训官兵的负性情绪较之前报道有所好转.采用GAD-7和PHQ-9量表筛查负性情绪简单实用,对指导病情评估与处理,提高驻训部队官兵的心理建设具有重要参考价值.

目的 调查军人在急进高原过程中营养水平及其变化情况,为指导部队在急进高原过程中合理膳食、提高军人营养水平和高原习服能力提供依据.方法 选取某部自海拔2200 m急进至4500 m的60名青年男性军人为观察对象,分别在海拔2200、4500 m进行连续5 d的膳食调查.采用GJB1636A—2016称重法和体格检查法对官兵膳食营养情况、身体状况进行调查.按GJB826B—2010和GJB823B—2016进行膳食质量评价;采用GJB1636A—2016评价上臂肌围;采用握力器所附标准评价握力.抽取受试者空腹全血,进行血样生化检查,依据GJB4126—2000进行评价.结果 该部军人在两海拔地区粮谷类、鱼虾类、大豆类、水果类、禽蛋、畜肉、蔬菜出现摄入不足,且缺乏程度随海拔升高而不同程度加剧,个别种类有所改善.海拔2200 m处钙、锌、维生素A、维生素B1供应不足,海拔4500 m处能量、钙、锌、维生素B1供应不足,其余营养素供应充足.在三大营养素供能比中,蛋白质达标,脂肪超出高限,碳水化合物偏低.在4500 m处,体格检查显示上臂肌围、体质指数(BMI)、腰围、体脂率均较2200 m处显著下降.总蛋白、白蛋白等营养指标两海拔高度均在正常范围,但随高度上升显著下降,而血尿酸含量却随海拔增加而显著增高.结论 目前高原部队仍存在膳食结构不合理、营养素摄入不均衡、官兵饮食习惯不良等情况,且随海拔高度上升而营养水平出现显著下降.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of Crohn′s disease (CD)-related gastrointestinal stenosis, and to summarize and analyze the corresponding treatments.Methods:From January 2010 to December 2018, 122 patients diagnosed with CD and hospitalized in the Seventh Medical Center, PLA General Hospital were selected including 72 patients in gastrointestinal stenosis group and 50 patients in non-gastrointestinal stenosis group. The gender, age of onset, course of disease, location of lesions involved (Montreal classification), disease activity, extraintestinal manifestations, application of therapeutic drugs, and complications were compared between the two groups. The treatment of CD patients with gastrointestinal stenosis was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of CD patients with gastrointestinal stenosis. The independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:The age of onset of patients in gastrointestinal stenosis group was older than that in non-gastrointestinal stenosis group ((37.6±15.1) years old vs. (30.8±14.7) years old), and course of disease was longer than that of non-gastrointestinal stenosis group (72 months, 11 to 492 months vs. 45 months, 3 to 240 months); and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-2.044, Z=-2.770; P=0.018, 0.006). The proportion of patients with ileum involvement of the gastrointestinal stenosis group was lower than that of the non-gastrointestinal stenosis group (69.4%, 50/72 vs. 86.0%, 43/50), and the proportion of severe patients was higher than that of the non-gastrointestinal stenosis group (15.3%, 11/72 vs. 4.0%, 2/50); and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=4.463 and 3.942, P=0.035 and 0.047). There were no significant differences in gender, use of therapeutic drugs, extraintestinal manifestations, application of therapeutic drugs or the incidence of complications between the patients of two groups (all P>0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that the age of onset and course of disease were risk factors of CD-related gastrointestinal stenosis ( β=0.028, odds ratio ( OR)=1.028, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.000 to 1.056, P=0.046; β=0.008, OR=1.008, 95% CI 1.002 to 1.015, P=0.013). Further stratified analysis revealed that the incidence rates of CD-related gastrointestinal stenosis in patients with age of onset over 40 years old and course of disease more than five years were higher than those of patients with age of onset less than 40 years old and course of disease less than five years (76.3%, 29/38 vs. 51.2%, 43/84; 68.4%, 39/57 vs. 50.8%, 33/65), and the differences were statistically significant ( OR=3.072, 95% CI 1.298 to 7.272, P=0.009; OR=2.101, 95% CI 1.002 to 4.406, P=0.048). Among the 72 CD patients with gastrointestinal stenosis, 15 cases (20.8%) were treated with medicine and nutrition, without endoscopic or surgical treatment. Fifty-two patients (72.2%) underwent surgical treatment, among them six patients (11.5%) received twice surgery, the interval between the two operations was 46 months (1 to 204 months), and eight patients (15.4%) had postoperative complications. Twenty-one patients (29.2%) were treated with endoscopic dilatation, and no complications occurred after surgery. Five patients (23.8%) underwent surgical treatment during the follow-up period. Conclusions:The age of onset over 40 years old and the course of disease more than five years are the risk factors of CD-related gastrointestinal stenosis. Individualized medical treatment is the basis for the treatment of CD-related gastrointestinal stenosis. Surgery is still the main treatment. The endoscopic treatment is safety and can delay or avoid surgery to a certain extent.

Objective: To investigate the significance of quantitative fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for opportunistic screening of colorectal neoplasia, and to propose the most optimal thresholds to improve the screening level of early colorectal neoplasia. Methods: The opportunistic screening participants were recruited from the Department of Gastroenterology & GI Endoscopy Center of the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, and stool sample was collected before colonoscopy and the quantitative FIT was analyzed by OC-MICRO analysator for each patient. We assessed test performance in detecting colorectal neoplasia (advanced adenoma and CRC)with different thresholds on sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: A total of 1 448 objects were enrolled in this study, including 714 male (49.3%)and 734 female (50.7%).All participants were classified according to the result of colonoscopy and pathology, and 242 cases of colorectal neoplasia were found, containing 157 advanced adnoma and 85 colorectal cancer. The FIT threshold increased from 50 μg/L to 200 μg/L, while the positivity rate dropped from 11.5% to 8.6% and the sensitivity in detecting colorectal neoplasia dropped from 47.9% to 38.8%. However, the specificity increased from 96.8% to 98.2% and the positive predictive value increased from 82.3% to 87.0%.The miss rate of colorectal cancer increased from 11.8% (n=10) to 17.6% (n=15) along with the increase in FIT thresholds, but the miss rate of 100 μg/L and 150 μg/L was the same as 12.9% (n=11). Conclusions: Quantitative FIT,which is simple and fast,with the threshold of 100 μg/L for opportunistic screening, has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia,and is an important index in screening and diagnosis of colorectal neoplasia.

目的 探讨结肠毛细血管扩张症的临床特点和诊疗方法 .方法 回顾性分析2010年1月-2017年10月该院消化内镜中心结肠镜下诊断结肠毛细血管扩张症的88例患者的临床资料.结果 结肠毛细血管扩张症60岁以上患者占58.0％(51/88),临床上表现为便血占19.3％(17/88),表现为腹泻、腹痛和腹胀等患者占25.0％(22/88),合并结肠息肉占48.9％(43/88),无症状占55.7％(49/88);病变位于右半结肠占48.9％(43/88),左半结肠占36.4％(32/88),全结肠占14.8％(13/88).针对便血患者行结肠镜下局部止血5例[其中氩离子血浆凝固术(APC)止血2例,聚桂醇注射及凝血酶止血1例,钛夹钳夹止血2例],12例予以对症处理.结论 结肠毛细血管扩张症多见于老年患者,大多无症状,少数可表现为消化道出血,病变位于右半结肠多见,无症状者无需治疗,合并出血者可考虑结肠镜下局部止血治疗.