Background Higher education students experience high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, which can negatively impact their mental well-being and academic performance. Tai Chi has shown potential benefits in improving mental health, but its effects on university students remain inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of Tai Chi on ameliorating mental health of higher education students. Methods We searched multiple databases and trial registries to identify randomized controlled trials which evaluated Tai Chi interventions in higher education students with elevated symptoms of depression, anxiety, or stress. Review Manager software was used for meta-analyses and subgroup analyses. The risk of bias was evaluated using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0, and the quality of evidence was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results Ten trials with 598 participants were included in this review. Meta-analysis showed that Tai Chi may reduced depression symptoms compared to no intervention or usual care (SMD= -1.63, 95% CI [-2.21, -1.05], P < 0.00001, I2=82%, 8 studies). For anxiety, a reduction was also observed (SMD = -1.28, 95% CI [-2.36, -0.19], P = 0.002, I² = 76%, 2 studies). However, the GRADE assessment demonstrated the evidence quality of both depression and anxiety was very low due to high risk of bias and significant heterogeneity. Conclusion Tai Chi may reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in higher education students. However, more high-quality studies are needed to establish its effectiveness.

Objective:Microcirculatory disturbance is pathologically critical to acute pancreatitis(AP),which can be effectively alleviated by traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) formulas that activate blood flow.However,there has been no evidence-based research to date.Therefore,a well-designed systematic review and meta-analysis is necessary to elucidate the therapeutic transformative benefit of improving microcirculation during AP.This study aims to confirm the therapeutic efficacy of TCM formulas and explore the potential mechanisms underlying their effects on AP treatment.Methods:Studies from eight databases including Pubmed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,CBM,Wanfang,and Chinese VIP,were screened for the eligible randomized controlled trials(RCTs).The APACHE Ⅱ score and effectiveness rate were set as primary outcomes,while mortality rate,complications,total hospital stays,serum amylase recovery time,the time until the disappearance of abdominal pain,microcirculation indicators,and inflammation indicators were chosen as secondary outcomes.A systematic review and meta-analysis were subsequently conducted.Network pharmacology analysis was performed to analyze potential bioactive components with relevant targets of the core herbs included in the TCM formulas for activating blood flow.Results:A total of 51 RCTs(n = 3 721) were included.Compared with conventional western medical treatments alone,TCM groups were associated with lower APACHE Ⅱ score(SMD = 1.36,95% CI:2.01 to 0.71,P = 0.000) and higher effectiveness rate(RR:1.22,95% CI:1.18 to 1.26,P = 0.000).Furthermore,the formulas for activating blood flow demonstrated significant efficacy in improving both microcirculation and inflammation indicators.Additionally,six core Chinese herbal medicines including Rhei Radix et Rhizoma with the highest frequency,Aurantii Fructus Immaturus,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Bupleuri Radix,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,and Corydalis Rhizoma were filtered out from the adopted TCM formulas.Finally,166 shared targets between the six herbs and AP were identified.KEGG analysis indicated that lipid and atherosclerosis pathway is highly related to microcirculation.Conclusion:TCM formulas for activating blood flow significantly improve microcirculation and alleviate AP.Further high-quality,well-designed RCTs and deep mechanism exploration are required.

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to use CiteSpace to analyze the status of insomnia and circadian rhythm, identify the hot spots and trends, and provide a basis for future study.MethodThe Web of Science database was searched for studies related to insomnia and circadian from its inception to 14 April 2023. CiteSpace was used to generate online maps of collaboration between countries and authors and revealed hot spots and frontiers in insomnia and circadian rhythm.ResultsWe searched 4,696 publications related to insomnia and circadian rhythm. Bruno Etain was the most prolific author with most publications, i.e., with 24 articles. The USA and the University of California were the leading country and the top institution in this field of study, with 1,672 and 269 articles, respectively. There was active cooperation between institutions, countries, and authors. Hot topics focused on circadian rhythm sleep disorders, circadian clock, light therapy, melatonin, and bipolar disorder.ConclusionBased on the CiteSpace results, we recommend a more active collaboration between various countries, institutions, and authors to conduct clinical and basic research related to insomnia and circadian rhythm. Ongoing research focuses on the interaction of insomnia with circadian rhythms and the corresponding pathways of clock genes and by extension, the role of circadian rhythms in disorders such as bipolar disorder. Modulation of circadian rhythms may be a hot spot for future insomnia therapies (such as light therapy and melatonin).

Background: Evidence suggests that Dachengqi and its modified decoctions are effective for treating abdominal pain, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and inflammation in various disease conditions. We per-formed a meta-analysis to ascertain the effectiveness of a series of chengqi decoctions in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infra-structure, Chinese Biomedical Literature, Wanfang database and China Science and Technology Journal Database before August 2022 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Mortality and MODS were chosen as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included time until relief of abdominal pain, APACHE II score, complications, effectiveness, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels. The risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were selected as effect measures. The quality of evidence was independently assessed by two reviewers using Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results: Twenty-three RCTs (n = 1865) were finally included. The results showed that, compared with routine therapies, chengqi-series decoctions (CQSDs) treatment groups were associated with lower mortality rate (RR: 0.41, 95%CI: 0.32 to 0.53, p = 0.992) and incidence of MODS (RR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.36 to 0.63, p = 0.885). They also reduced remission time of abdominal pain (SMD:-1.66, 95%CI:-1.98 to-1.35, p = 0.000), complications (RR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.39 to 0.68, p = 0.716), APACHE II score (SMD:-1.04, 95%CI:-1.55 to-0.54, p = 0.003), IL-6 (SMD:-1.5, 95%CI:-2.16 to -0.85, p = 0.000), TNF-alpha (SMD:-1.18, 95%CI:-1.71 to-0.65, p = 0.000), and improved curative effectiveness (RR:1.22, 95%CI: 1.14 to 1.31, p = 0.757). The certainty of the evidence for these outcomes was low to moderate. Conclusion: CQSDs seem to be effective therapy for SAP patients with notable reductions in mortality, MODS and abdominal pain, with low quality evidence. Large-scale, multi-center RCTs that are more meticulous are advised in order to produce superior evidence.

中医体质学已取得长足的发展,"体质可调论"是中医体质学的三大关键科学问题之一.基于循证医学理念,从研究对象的选择、体质调护方案的制定和实施、结局指标选择、研究类型选择四个方面,阐述评价中医体质调护方案效果的相关临床研究设计应注意的要点,以期为客观、科学、全面地评价中医体质调护方案的干预效果和安全性提供参考,促进中医体质学向国际化发展.

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to assess the potential effect of therapeutic massage/Tuina on functional dyspepsia (FD) patients. Twelve databases and three clinical trial registries were searched until December 2021, for RCTs that compared Tuina combined with or without conventional therapy versus conventional therapy in FD. We assessed the methodological quality of included trials by the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, and graded the quality of the evidence. The data were presented as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) respectively with their 95% confidence interval (CI). In total, 14 RCTs with 1128 FD participants were included. Compared with conventional therapy, Tuina showed significant beneficial effects on improving overall symptom (RR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.19, low certainty evidence), and early satiation (MD −0.44 scores, 95% CI −0.72 to −0.16, very low certainty evidence). Compared with conventional therapy, Tuina plus conventional therapy also significantly improved overall symptom (RR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.06–1.23, low certainty evidence), quality of life (MD 10.44 scores, 95% CI 7.65–13.23, low certainty evidence), and epigastric pain (MD −0.76 scores, 95% CI −1.11 to −0.41, low certainty evidence). No adverse events related to Tuina and cost-effectiveness were reported. Low certainty evidence showed that Tuina significantly improved overall symptom of FD participants compared with conventional therapy. Low certainty evidence showed that Tuina plus conventional therapy obviously improved overall symptom and quality of life of FD participants compared with conventional therapy.

[目的]基于CiteSpace软件,对近30年来中西医及心理疗法治疗创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)的研究情况进行研究现状、热点及前沿分析.[方法]在中国知网数据库(China National Knowledge Infrastructure,CNKI)中检索1991年1月1日至2021年6月30日收录的中西医及心理疗法治疗PTSD的相关文献,应用CiteSpace 5.8.R1软件绘制作者和机构的合作网络图谱以及关键词共现、聚类、时间线和突现图谱,并进行可视化分析.[结果]共纳入中文期刊文献749篇,其中以致力于研究针灸治疗PTSD的张虹发文量最多,且以其为代表的合作团队网络密度最高;主要研究机构有成都中医药大学、第四军医大学西京医院、四川大学华西医院等.关键词共现网络共有节点127个,连线152条,主要形成8个聚类,高频关键词包括"创伤后应激障碍""心理干预""护理干预"等,突现强度最高的3个关键词分别为"地震后""心理干预"和"新型冠状病毒肺炎".[结论]当前,PTSD治疗的研究热点主要涉及心理疗法和西药疗法.近年来,中医药相关疗法凭借独有的辨证思维、个性化治疗、远期疗效稳定等显著优势受到越来越多学者的关注,其研究热度逐渐呈上升趋势,预计将成为未来本领域的研究热点.

Objective: To evaluate the lipid-lowering effect and safety of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) used alone or as adjunctive therapy for dyslipidemia. Methods: Eight databases and three clinical trial registries were searched until January 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of GP for dyslipidemia were included. Trial quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Data were analyzed by RevMan 5.4 with effects estimated as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Twenty-two RCTs involving 2,407 dyslipidemia participants were included. Regarding the risk of bias, 14 RCTs had some concerns, seven RCTs were high, and one trial was low. GP was comparable to n-3 fatty acids (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.62–1.28) and red yeast rice (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.1–1.12) on normalization of serum lipids. GP plus n-3 fatty acid was superior in normalization of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) than n-3 fatty acids (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01–1.77). GP was similar to lipid-lowering agents (statins, fibrates, and n-3 fatty acids) in regulating TG, TC, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). GP plus lipid-lowering agents were superior to lipid-lowering agents in TG (MD −0.65 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.03 to −0.28), LDL-C (MD −0.57 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.07 to −0.08), and HDL-C (MD 0.15 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.11–0.20). GP was inferior to red yeast rice in TC (MD 0.64 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.15–1.13), TG (MD 0.43 mmol/L, 95% CI 0.15–0.71), and HDL-C (MD −0.25 mmol/L, 95% CI −0.47 to −0.04). GP had fewer adverse events than lipid-lowering drugs. Conclusion: Very low certainty evidence showed that GP’s effects on TC, TG, and HDL-C were comparable to that of lipid-lowering agents. Low certainty evidence showed that red yeast rice was superior to GP in TC, TG, and HDL-C. Low to moderate certainty evidence showed that the effects of GP plus lipid-lowering agents were superior to that of lipid-lowering agents on TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C. GP use for more than 8 weeks appears safe. Systematic Review Registration: https://inplasy.com/ , identifier INPLASY202210135.

Objective: To present the evidence of the therapeutic effects and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) used with or without conventional western therapy for COVID-19. Methods: Clinical studies on the therapeutic effects and safety of CHM for COVID-19 were included. We summarized the general characteristics of included studies, evaluated methodological quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, analyzed the use of CHM, used Revman 5.4 software to present the risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) to estimate the therapeutic effects and safety of CHM. Results: A total of 58 clinical studies were identified including RCTs (17.24%, 10), non-randomized controlled trials (1.72%, 1), retrospective studies with a control group (18.97%, 11), case-series (20.69%, 12) and case-reports (41.38%, 24). No RCTs of high methodological quality were identified. The most frequently tested oral Chinese patent medicine, Chinese herbal medicine injection or prescribed herbal decoction were: Lianhua Qingwen granule/capsule, Xuebijing injection and Maxing Shigan Tang. In terms of aggravation rate, pooled analyses showed that there were statistical differences between the intervention group and the comparator group (RR 0.42, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.82, six RCTs; RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.64, five retrospective studies with a control group), that is, CHM plus conventional western therapy appeared better than conventional western therapy alone in reducing aggravation rate. In addition, compared with conventional western therapy, CHM plus conventional western therapy had potential advantages in increasing the recovery rate and shortening the duration of fever, cough and fatigue, improving the negative conversion rate of nucleic acid test, and increasing the improvement rate of chest CT manifestations and shortening the time from receiving the treatment to the beginning of chest CT manifestations improvement. For adverse events, pooled data showed that there were no statistical differences between the CHM and the control groups. Conclusion: Current low certainty evidence suggests that there maybe a tendency that CHM plus conventional western therapy is superior to conventional western therapy alone. The use of CHM did not increase the risk of adverse events.

亚健康是介于健康和疾病的中间状态,因其没有器质性病变往往被漏诊而不能及时救治,迁延日久给人类生命和财产安全带来更大的危害.本文系统回顾了目前市面上可用的亚健康人群身心状况客观评测技术,并发现国内对于亚健康领域多偏重科研和教学,而市场反馈较好的多为海外研发产品.本文提出国内亚健康评估市场应进一步开发简、廉、快、验的客观诊断工具,为亚健康的防治贡献一份力量.

目的 观察低、中、高三种剂量脾虚1号方对功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)大鼠降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)、胆囊收缩素(cholecystokinin,CCK)和血管活性肠肽(vasoactive intestinal peptide,VIP)的影响.方法 碘乙酰胺灌胃复合水环境小平台站立法复制大鼠FD模型.将大鼠随机分成5组:对照组、模型组、西药组、脾虚1号方低剂量组(以下简称低剂量组)、脾虚1号方中剂量组(以下简称中剂量组)和脾虚1号方高剂量组(以下简称高剂量组).使用Elisa检测血清中CGRP、CCK和VIP的含量;使用rt-PCR检测下丘脑和胃窦中CGRP mR-NA、CCK mRNA和VIP mRNA的表达情况.结果 与对照组相比,模型组大鼠血清中CGRP、CCK和VIP的含量均上升;与模型组相比,低剂量组大鼠血清中VIP含量下降,中剂量组大鼠血清中CGRP、CCK和VIP的含量下降,高剂量组大鼠血清中CGRP的含量降低.与对照组相比,模型组大鼠下丘脑中CGRP mRNA、CCK mRNA和VIP mRNA的含量均上升;与模型组相比,低剂量组大鼠下丘脑中VIP mRNA的含量下降,中、高剂量组大鼠下丘脑中CGRP mRNA、CCK mRNA和VIP mRNA的含量下降.与对照组相比,模型组大鼠胃窦中CGRP mRNA、CCK mRNA和VIP mRNA的含量均上升;与模型组相比,低剂量组大鼠胃窦中VIP mRNA的含量下降,中剂量组大鼠胃窦中CGRPmRNA、CCK mRNA和VIP mRNA的含量下降,高剂量组大鼠胃窦中CGRP mRNA和VIP mRNA的含量下降.结论 脾虚1号方治疗FD的生物学基础与调节CGRP、CCK和VIP的表达有关.

目的 探讨真实世界研究设计在上市后药品安全性评价中的应用,以提高临床合理用药,保障用药安全.方法 借鉴真实世界研究理念,系统介绍常用研究设计在上市后药品安全性评价中的应用并予实例分析.结果 在上市后药品安全性评价中,试验性研究最常用的设计类型为实效性随机对照试验;分析性研究常用设计类型包括队列研究、巢氏病例对照研究和病例对照研究;描述性研究常用设计类型包括横断面调查、病例系列与病例报告.其中,实效性随机对照试验、队列研究、巢氏病例对照研究常用于推断药品暴露与医学事件之间的因果关系.其他设计类型由于论证强度较弱,仅能为因果关联建立假说.结论 真实世界研究设计广泛应用于上市后药品安全性评价.与解释性随机对照试验相比,能更好地贴近真实临床环境,更加充分认识药品安全问题,从而保障公众用药安全.

The objective of this bibliometric review was to identify the volume, breadth, and characteristics of clinical studies evaluating Tai Chi published between January 2010 and January 2020. Five English and four Chinese language databases were searched. Following independent screening, 1018 eligible publications representing 987 studies were identified, which was a three-fold increase from the previous decade. Most common were randomized controlled trials (548/987, 55.5 %), followed by systematic reviews (157/987, 15.9 %), non-randomized controlled clinical studies (152/987, 15.4 %), case series (127/987, 12.9 %) and case reports (3/987, 0.3 %) that were conducted in China (730/987, 74.0 %), followed by the United States of America (123/987, 12.5 %) and South Korea (20/987, 2.0 %). Study participants were mostly in the adult (55.2 %) and/or older adult (72.0 %) age groups. The top ten diseases/conditions were hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, knee osteoarthritis, heart failure, depression, osteoporosis/osteopenia, breast cancer, coronary heart disease and insomnia. A quarter of the studies enrolled healthy participants to evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on health promotion/preservation, balance/falls, and physiological/biomechanical outcomes. Yang style Tai Chi was the most popular, followed by Chen and Sun style. Tai Chi was mostly commonly delivered face-to-face by a Tai Chi instructor in group settings for 60 min, three times a week, for 12 weeks. Most studies (93.8 %) reported at least one outcome in favor of Tai Chi. Adverse events were underreported (7.2 %). Over half fell short of expected intervention reporting standards, signalling the need for Tai Chi extensions to existing guidelines.

Objectives: The corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spread globally, and we aimed to investigate the psychosocial impact on healthcare workers (HWs) in China during the pandemic.Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched seven electronic databases for cross-sectional studies on psychosocial impact on HWs in relation to COVID-19 from January 1, 2020 to October 7, 2020. We included primary studies involving Chinese HWs during the pandemic, and data were extracted from the published articles. Our primary outcome was prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress disorders. We pooled prevalence value with their 95% confidence interval using random effect models and assessed study quality on the basis of an 11-item checklist recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020195843).Results: We identified 25 articles comprising a total of 30,841 completed questionnaires and 22 studies for meta-analysis. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress disorders was 34.4% (29.5-39.4%), 31.1% (24.5-37.7%), and 29.1% (24.3-33.8%) for HWs. The pooled prevalence of anxiety disorders for HWs from late January to early February was 46.4% (42.9-49.9%), significantly higher than those in mid-term February (28.0%, 23.9-32.1%) and after late February (27.6%, 16.0-39.2%). The pooled prevalence of depression disorders for HWs from late January to early February was 46.5% (38.8-54.2%), significantly higher than those in mid-term February (27.1%, 19.8-34.5%) and after late February (32.9%, 16.2-49.5%). HWs working in Hubei Province had a higher prevalence of anxiety (37.9 vs. 30.8%) and a lower prevalence of depression (27.5 vs. 34.7%) than those working in other regions. Nurses had a higher prevalence of anxiety (44.1 vs. 29.0%) and depression (34.1 vs. 29.2%) than other HWs.Conclusions: About one-third of HWs in China suffered anxiety, depression, and stress at the early epidemic of COVID-19. HWs in Hubei Province, especially nurses, had a higher prevalence of psychological disorders. During the pandemic, a negative psychological state may persist in a proportion of Chinese HWs, fluctuating with the control of the pandemic. The long-term impact should continue to be observed. Attention should be paid to HWs for their psychological impact due to the pandemic.Systematic Review Registration: The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020195843).

OBJECTIVES:We aimed to investigate the psychological problems on people infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the pandemic. METHODS:In this living systematic review and meta-analyses, we searched seven electronic databases for cross-sectional studies and longitudinal studies on psychological problems on COVID-19 patients from Jan 1, 2020 to Oct 7, 2020. The primary outcome was prevalence of various psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, somatization, and fear. We pooled data for prevalence with their 95% confidence interval (CI) using random effect models and assessed the study quality based on the 11-item checklist recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. RESULTS:Fourty-four studies, including studies from China(35), Italy(2), Iran(2), India(1), Korea(1), Ecuador(1), Switzerland(1), Germany(1), were identified by comprising a total of 8587 completed questionnaires and 38 studies for meta-analyses. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD), insomnia, somatization, and fear in patients with COVID-19 was 16.6% (10.1%-23.1%), 37.7% (29.3%-46.2%), 41.5% (9.3%-73.7%), 68.3% (48.6%-88.0%), 36.5% (20.2%-52.8%), 47.6% (9.4%-85.7%), respectively. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia in severe COVID-19 patients (intensive care unit inpatients) was higher than mild or clinically stable COVID-19 patients. LIMITATIONS:A significant degree of heterogeneity in terms of populations, sampling methods, scales was noted across studies. CONCLUSIONS:There existed high proportions of COVID-19 patients with psychological problem. The prevalence of psychological problems was closely related to the patients themselves, their surroundings and social support. It is imperative to provide ontime psychological care service for COVID-19 patients and to follow-up them for a longer period.

Objectives: The corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spread globally, and we aimed to investigate the psychosocial impact on healthcare workers (HWs) in China during the pandemic. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched seven electronic databases for cross-sectional studies on psychosocial impact on HWs in relation to COVID-19 from January 1, 2020 to October 7, 2020. We included primary studies involving Chinese HWs during the pandemic, and data were extracted from the published articles. Our primary outcome was prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress disorders. We pooled prevalence value with their 95% confidence interval using random effect models and assessed study quality on the basis of an 11-item checklist recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020195843). Results: We identified 25 articles comprising a total of 30,841 completed questionnaires and 22 studies for meta-analysis. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress disorders was 34.4% (29.5–39.4%), 31.1% (24.5–37.7%), and 29.1% (24.3–33.8%) for HWs. The pooled prevalence of anxiety disorders for HWs from late January to early February was 46.4% (42.9–49.9%), significantly higher than those in mid-term February (28.0%, 23.9–32.1%) and after late February (27.6%, 16.0–39.2%). The pooled prevalence of depression disorders for HWs from late January to early February was 46.5% (38.8–54.2%), significantly higher than those in mid-term February (27.1%, 19.8–34.5%) and after late February (32.9%, 16.2–49.5%). HWs working in Hubei Province had a higher prevalence of anxiety (37.9 vs. 30.8%) and a lower prevalence of depression (27.5 vs. 34.7%) than those working in other regions. Nurses had a higher prevalence of anxiety (44.1 vs. 29.0%) and depression (34.1 vs. 29.2%) than other HWs. Conclusions: About one-third of HWs in China suffered anxiety, depression, and stress at the early epidemic of COVID-19. HWs in Hubei Province, especially nurses, had a higher prevalence of psychological disorders. During the pandemic, a negative psychological state may persist in a proportion of Chinese HWs, fluctuating with the control of the pandemic. The long-term impact should continue to be observed. Attention should be paid to HWs for their psychological impact due to the pandemic. Systematic Review Registration: The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020195843).

近年来,随着我国高等教育事业迅速发展,研究生招生规模日益扩大,跨校考研学生在研究生录取总人数中占有相当大的比例.在进入一个新的学习阶段时,学生的生理和心理会经历一个转折期,而跨校考研学生由于来到一个完全陌生的环境,加之面临课业压力,其身心可能会经历一个逐渐适应的过程.本研究旨在通过对跨校考研学生入学后的学习适应性进行调查,并在此基础上提出相应干预措施.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Pathologic distinction between HCC and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and metastatic adenocarcinoma can be challenging and sometimes requires immunohistochemical panels. Recently, arginase-1 (ARG-1) has been introduced for differentiation of these tumors. Methods: We will search Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure through August 1, 2019, comprehensive collection studies about the diagnostic value of ARG-1 for HCC. Two reviewers will screen literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extract data, and assess the quality of included studies. Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 15.0 will be used to conduct the meta-analysis. Results: The review will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence of the diagnostic value of liver cancer. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusion: We hope that the results of this study will provide significant evidence to assess the value of ARG-1 in differential diagnosis of HCC, ICC, and metastatic carcinoma of liver.

目的 探讨薰衣草精油对睡眠剥夺大鼠行为学及血清中胃饥饿素、瘦素含量的影响.方法32只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、薄荷组和薰衣草组.采用改良多平台法进行连续72 h睡眠剥夺,造模结束后,正常组和模型组给予蒸馏水熏蒸,薄荷组和薰衣草组分别给予对应的1％浓度精油熏蒸,每组45 min.治疗结束后,进行抓握力、旷场、高架十字迷宫测试,并测定大鼠血清中胃饥饿素和瘦素含量.结果与空白组相比,模型组大鼠肌张力降低、旷场总活动距离、总穿格数减少、修饰时间增加、直立次数减少、直立时间减少、高架迷宫中开放臂停留时间百分比减少、血清中胃饥饿素含量增加,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);与模型组相比,薄荷组大鼠肌张力升高,旷场总活动距离、总穿格数、直立次数、直立时间增加,高架迷宫开放臂进入次数百分比和开放臂停留时间百分比增加、血清中胃饥饿素含量减少,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);与模型组相比,薰衣草组大鼠肌张力升高、旷场总活动距离、总穿格数增加、修饰时间减少、直立次数、直立时间增加、高架迷宫开放臂进入次数百分比和开放臂停留时间百分比增加、血清中胃饥饿素含量减少,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论薰衣草精油香薰治疗可能是通过调节体内胃饥饿素的含量,达到改善睡眠剥夺大鼠的焦虑情绪并提高活动量的目的.