为鉴定评价长江中下游稻区近年来新选育和引进的水稻新品种(组合)在湖北荆州地区的综合表现,为国家水稻品种审定提供科学依据,利用2017年度长江中下游杂交水稻科研单位联合体中籼迟熟组品种B组试验长江大学试点试验资料进行综合分析评价.结果表明,晟优1278和宁两优631已参加区试2年,综合表现突出,推荐进入2018年生产试验;两优4394和谷优1502已参加区试2年,综合表现未达到联合体品种续试标准,建议终止试验.新参试品种在本试点综合表现均不突出或较差,未达到联合体品种续试标准,建议终止试验.

长农2 A是以隆801 B/川香29 B的杂交后代作父本,以金23 A为母本进行测交,经过连续多代择优回交选育而成的早籼型野败水稻三系不育系.该不育系具有不育性稳定、花粉败育彻底、异交结实率高、抗稻瘟病、综合农艺性状优良等特点,2016年8月通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定和安徽省种子管理站组织的技术鉴定.

Changnong 1A,derived from Jin 23A and the progeny of Long 801B/Hua 37B,is a new CMS line in rice developed by Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Grain Industry of Yangtze University.It is characteristic of complete and stable male sterility,high outcrossing rate,good blast resistance and comprehensive agronomic characters.In August,2016,it was technically identified in Anhui and Hubei,respectively.In April,2017,it was registered by Hubei Crop Variety Appraisal Committee.

Rice blast is one of the key factors that restrict rice yield, and screening blast resistance resources is a basis work for mining blast resistance genes and breeding resistant varieties. A set of 1217 accessions selected from 3000 (3K) re-sequenced rice core collection were comprehensively evaluated for blast resistance in two natural disease nurseries at Lianghe and Bajiao in En-shi area and agronomic traits in disease-free field as well as resistance spectrum of resistant accessions at seedling stage. There were significant differences in response of different accessions to rice blast. Among them, a total of 144 accessions with blast resistance at different growing stages were obtained. Thirty-four accessions with relatively high comprehensive blast resistance were inoculated with 30 diverse isolates, showing that 17 accessions with a broad resistance spectrum (≥70%). According to the investigation of agronomic traits, most resistant accessions had high plant height, low grain yield per plant and poor agronomic traits. Finally, seven accessions with high blast resistance, broad resistant spectrum and relatively good agronomic traits were selected, including IRGA411-1-6-1F-A, YJ 30, Jinzao 47, Quanzhen 10, YN 1353-3, Yunjing 23, and IRAT1047, were identified. Those resistant accessions can be used in mining resistance gene and variety improvement for blast resistance.

对杂交中稻丰两优香1号进行播期、栽插密度、施N量和水分的正交试验,探讨不同栽培因素组合对杂交中稻生育期、主要经济性状及产量的影响.结果表明,播期对生育期的影响显著(F=28>F0.05=19.00),在试验水平范围内,随着播期的推迟,其生育期逐渐缩短,施N量、水分和栽插密度对生育期的影响均不显著;N肥施用量、播期是影响水稻产量的关键性因子,对产量的影响分别表现为极显著F=127.3529>F0.01和显著(F=62.8117>F0.05).丰两优香1号高产栽培的最佳组合为A2B2C3D1.

长农优982是长江大学主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心和中国农业科学院深圳生物育种创新研究院用不育系长农1A与恢复系R9822配组育成的杂交晚籼新组合.该组合具有丰产性稳产性好、抗稻瘟病、耐冷性较好、熟期适宜、制种易获高产和综合农艺性状优良等特点,适合湖北作晚籼稻种植.2017年4月,通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

2012-2013年2年在湖北省恩施州海拔800-1 200m二高山稻区14个试点,对参试的22个早中熟中稻新品种的产量、生育期、米质、抗性及主要农艺性状进行系统研究鉴定,结合室内考种综合分析认为,川谷A/R8784和金科优恩66表现丰产性好、稻米品质中等、抗病性强、综合农艺性状优良,适宜在湖北省恩施州二高山稻区种植,建议审定并积极示范推广.中9优140、繁优桂99、炳优246和深优9716综合表现较好,应加快续试和示范步伐.

选育抗稻瘟病恢复系是选育抗稻瘟病三系杂交水稻的主要途径之一.恩施州农科院利用自然生态优势建立稳定高效的稻瘟病自然诱发鉴定圃,在病圃中鉴定筛选稳定抗源,创造抗病中间材料,通过杂交、回交以及表型选择,改良优良恢复系的抗瘟性,育成了“恩恢”系列抗稻瘟病恢复系,进而育成了一批抗病杂交稻新组合通过各级农作物品种审定并在稻瘟病区大面积推广.介绍了恩施州农科院的主要抗稻瘟病恢复系及其所配抗病杂交稻组合,分析了抗稻瘟病恢复系选育中存在的主要问题,提出了相应对策.

为全面了解晚粳新品种W1837在生产和育种上的利用价值,以2013-2014年湖北省晚粳稻区域试验汇总资料为依据,利用RCT99软件对参试品种小区产量采用联合方差分析、Ebehar-Russell分析、Shukla方差分析和高稳系数分析等多种方法,其他性状采用平均数统计分析方法,分析与评价W1837的丰产性、稳产性、适应性和综合农艺性状.结果表明,W1837丰产性、稳产性和适应性好,综合农艺性状优良,是一个适宜湖北省江汉平原地区推广种植的软香米型晚粳新品种.

恩恢22是恩施自治州农业科学院用抗稻瘟病早稻材料1468作父本,自育恢复系恩恢58作母本,杂交选育而成的早熟中籼恢复系,具有稻瘟病抗性好、外观米质较优、恢复力强、配合力较高和花粉量足等特点,所配组合Ⅱ优恩22于2007年通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定.

晚稻拔节之后，便陆续进入孕穗时期。孕穗期水稻的营养生长和生殖生长都处在旺盛时期，水肥的吸收量最大，病虫害的防治任务重。为了夺取晚稻丰收，应该做到以下三点。