为全面了解晚粳新品种W1837在生产和育种上的利用价值,以2013-2014年湖北省晚粳稻区域试验汇总资料为依据,利用RCT99软件对参试品种小区产量采用联合方差分析、Ebehar-Russell分析、Shukla方差分析和高稳系数分析等多种方法,其他性状采用平均数统计分析方法,分析与评价W1837的丰产性、稳产性、适应性和综合农艺性状.结果表明,W1837丰产性、稳产性和适应性好,综合农艺性状优良,是一个适宜湖北省江汉平原地区推广种植的软香米型晚粳新品种.

针对我国长江中下游地区喜欢食用软米型稻米的居民越来越多的消费特点,长江大学农学院和江苏(武进)水稻研究所用南粳46作母本,武运粳23号/武香粳14号F1代作父本复合杂交,选育出晚粳稻新品种长农粳1号(区试代号W1837).该品种具有单产高、耐冷性强、稻米直链淀粉含量低(软米)且有香味等特点,适宜于喜欢食用软米型稻米的人群消费.

“武育糯16号”是江苏(武进)水稻研究所培育的粳糯稻新品种,2004年2月通过江苏省审定(编号:苏审稻200411).该品种表现出高产、优质、早熟、穗粒结构合理、分蘖力较强等特点,适宜在江苏、安徽北部、山东南部及河南等同纬度地区种植.其栽培要点:适时稀播,培育壮秧,适当密植,主攻大穗,加强肥水管理,注意防治病虫害.

“武津粳1号”是江苏(武进)水稻研究所和天津市农作物研究所共同培育的粳稻新品种,2 0 1 3年4月通过天津市农作物品种审定委员会审定.该品种表现出高产、优质、抗条纹叶桔病、熟期适宜、穗粒结构合理、分蘖力较强等特点,适宜在京、津、唐地区作一季春稻种植.栽培要点为:适时稀播,培育壮秧,适当密植,主攻穗数,加强肥水管理,注意防治病虫害.

[目的]为粳稻新品种皖垦糯l号的大面积推广应用提供参考.[方法]介绍皖垦糯1号的选育经过、特征特性、抗病性和抗逆性、品质和产量表现,并探讨与之相适应的适时播种和移栽、大田肥水运筹、病虫草害综合防治及收获方法等高产栽培技术.[结果]皖垦糯1号是安徽皖垦种业股份有限公司从武育糯16号的变异株中,经过3代系统选育而稳定的常规粳糯稻品种,2010年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定.皖垦糯1号综合性状较好;白叶枯病抗性MR(3级),稻瘟病抗性MR(3级),纹枯病抗性为5级,稻曲病抗性为3级,株高矮、茎秆韧性好,抗倒伏能力强；综合评价品质达农业部部颁2等优质糯米标准；一般产量9 000～9 750 kg/hm2,高产田块单产可达10 500 kg/hm2以上.[结论]皖垦糯1号具有早熟、丰产、优质、抗逆性强等特点,适宜在安徽稻区种植.

武2812是江苏(武进)水稻研究所育成的中熟中粳偏早型水稻品种。该品种具有茎秆粗壮、穗型偏大、抗倒性强、丰产性好的特点,适于黄淮海地区中上等肥力条件下种植;稻米中谷蛋白含量为1.99%;经动物实验证明,武2812大米对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠的代谢及胰岛功能有显著影响。

"武育粳20号"原名"武2401",是江苏省常州市武进区稻麦育种场选育的中熟晚粳稻新品种,2008年1月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定.该品种表现出高产、优质、熟期适宜、穗粒结构合理、分蘖力较强等特点,适宜在江苏苏南稻区及上海,安徽等相应稻区种植.栽培要点为适时稀播,培育壮秧,适当密植,主攻大穗,加强肥水管理,注意防治病虫害.

"武育粳18号"是由江苏省常州市武进区稻麦育种场与江苏省农科院合作育成的中熟晚粳稻新品种,2005年2月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定.该品种表现出产量高、品质好、抗病、抗逆等优点,适宜在江苏太湖稻区及上海、安徽等相应稻区种植.栽培要点为适时稀播、培育壮秧、适当密植、主攻大穗、加强肥水管理、注意病虫害防治.

通过对近20年来江苏省迟熟中粳稻品种主要性状的相关分析,结果表明:(1)产量构成因素中,每穗粒数、千粒重和结实率与产量的相关系数达极显著,其中每穗粒数对产量起首要作用;(2)多数农艺性状与产量存在显著相关,适当缩短上部3张叶的长度,增加茎秆粗度、穗颈粗度、着粒密度、一次枝梗数和二次枝梗数,有利于增加每穗粒数和提高产量;(3)除粒长的增加对整精米率的选择、粒宽的增加对垩白度的选择、千粒重和茎秆粗度的增加对垩白度和消减值(RVA值)的选择存在负而影响外,产量及多数农艺性状的选择对品质不存在显著的负面影响.表明选育集高产与优质为一体的迟熟中粳稻品种是有可能的.

研究分析了1981～2003年江苏省迟熟中粳稻区域试验资料,结果表明:(1)品种整体产量水平明显提高,目前品种整体产量水平达到600kg/667m~2以上.(2)农艺性状得到明显改良.每穗粒数增加,穗型由弯曲穗逐步过渡到半直立穗、直立穗,着粒密度提高,同时有效穗数下降,提高了品种群体的光能利用率;(3)品质改良效果不明显,品种的外观品质和食味较差;(4)整体抗性水平无明显提高,对稻瘟病、纹枯病和条纹叶枯病的抗性水平较差、近年来条纹叶枯病的危害尤其严重.

【Objective】A new rice bacterial blight resistance germplasm (Y238) was identified from the wild rice species Oryza rufipogon and the resistance locus was transferred to the cultivated rice to breed near-isogenic line. Molecular mapping of the resistance gene was carried out to put it into practical use in the future. 【Method】The resistance gene Xa30(t) in Y238 has been introduced into JG30 by cross, backcrosses and selfing. A BC6F2 population was used for molecular mapping of Xa30(t), and Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA) was adopted to survey SSR, EST and STS molecular markers. 【Result】Four markers, RM1341, V88, C189 and 03STS displayed polymorphism between the susceptible-pool and resistant-pool. By analyzing the 303 individuals of the BC6F2 population with the mentioned four markers together with their resistance phenotypes, the gene Xa30(t) was mapped on the long arm of rice chromosome 11. Linkage analysis revealed that RM1341, V88, C189 and 03STS located on the same side of Xa30(t), with genetic distances of 11.4 cM, 11.4 cM , 4.4 cM and 2.0 cM respectively. 【Conclusion】The near-isogenic line CBB30 harboring a new rice bacterial blight resistance gene Xa30(t) was developed. Four molecular markers RM1341, V88, C189 and 03STS that link gene Xa30(t) were detected, and Xa30(t) was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 11.

武香粳14号(原名武香99-15)系江苏省常州市武进区稻麦育种场育成的早熟晚粳香稻新品种,2003年1月通过江苏省农作物品种审定委员会审定.目前在太湖、沿江及淮河以南地区推广,克服了苏南等太湖稻区原有香稻品种成熟偏迟、退化严重、产量偏低等不足,提高了太湖香米的市场竞争能力.

The near-isogenic line (NIL) with a new gene Xa23 for resistance to bacterial blight (BB) was developed and designated as CBB23 in 1993-1998. A susceptible indica variety JG30 with improved plant type was used as a recurrent parent. The progenies derived from the cross JG30/H4 harboring the gene Xa23 were developed by back-cross until BC5, and selfing for 4 times. Evaluation of the resistance gene Xa23 with specific strain P6 and selection of plant type successively were carried out till the line showing stable resistance and agronomic characters similar to the recurrent parent. Comparison of reaction for resistance spectrum to 20 strains including 10 Philippine races, 3 Japanese races, and 7 Chinese pathotypes between CBB23(carrying Xa23 )and IRBB21(carrying Xa21) was made. Xa23 is resistant to all 20 strains, and Xa21 is resistant to 19 strains and highly susceptible to the Philippine race 10. The NIL CBB23 was used to establish segregation populations of JG30/CBB23 for mapping the gene Xa23. The gene was located on rice chromosome 11 in the preliminary tagging by screening SSR. Three AFLP markers screened are closely linked with Xa23. The genetic distance between APKj23 and Xa23 is about 1.0 cM. The NIL is also valuable in rice breeding.

选用3个粳型光敏核不育系,30个粳型父本配组,对8个农艺性状的亲本一般配合力和组合的杂种优势及特殊配合力进行分析.结果表明:F1单株谷重的优势最强,超亲优势变幅为-20.00%～110.06%,平均76.45%;竞争优势-36.32%～101.74%,平均为14.77%;播始历期、穗长、单株有效穗、每穗总粒数、千粒重的超亲优势和竞争优势明显;结实率的优势大部分呈负向;株高的优势大部分呈正向.亲本4002、99-25、5193的单株产量一般配合力较好,组合N422S/4002、HP41S/5193、HP41S/香糯99033的单株产量特殊配合力较高.并对一些亲本和强优组合的利用进行了评价.