Objective:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to perform multi-plane quantitative analysis of temporal soft tissue thickness, and the measurement data set of temporal soft tissue thickness was initially established to provide clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of temporal rejuvenation.Methods:High definition images of Han population in Southwest China who underwent head MRI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2016 to December 2021 were randomly collected in this study. A total of 12 measuring points were set, which were evenly distributed in the upper, middle, lower, anterior and posterior regions of the temporal, including the thickness of the whole temporal soft tissue (NA, Na, MA, Ma, GA, Ga) and the thickness of the temporal muscle (NB, Nb, MB, Mb, GB, Gb). They were divided into different groups according to sex, age (≤30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, 51-60 years old, >60 years old) and body mass index (BMI < 21 kg/m 2, 21-26 kg/m 2, > 26 kg/m 2). The differences of temporal soft tissue thickness under different gender, age and BMI were compared. Independent sample t-test was used for comparison of normal distribution measurement data between two groups, and one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups. Results:(1) A total of 278 patients were included, including 140 males and 138 females, ranging in age from 12 to 82 years, with an average age of 44.5 years, and BMI of 18.4 to 33.4 kg/m 2. According to age group: ≤30 years old, 56 cases; 31-40 years old, 64 cases; 41-50 years old, 56 cases; 51- 60 years old, 56 cases; >60 years old, 46 cases. According to BMI, males (< 21 kg/m 2, 38 cases; 21-26 kg/m 2, 56 cases; > 26 kg/m 2, 46 cases) and females(< 21 kg/m 2, 48 cases; 21-26 kg/m 2, 50 cases; >26 kg/m 2, 40 cases) were grouped. (2) Male temporal soft tissue was thicker than female, especially temporalis muscle, and the difference in 6 temporal muscle thickness measurements were statistically significant ( P<0.05). (3) In general, the temporalis muscle in males at 31-40 years old and in females at ≤30 years old tend to be thicker than that in other age groups. In both sexes, the temporalis muscle became thinner with age after reaching the peak. (4) The whole layer of soft tissue in the temporal region thickened with the increase of BMI in both sexes, and the whole layer of soft tissue in the lower temporal region was thicker than that in the middle and upper temporal region. Conclusion:Temporal soft tissue thickness is associated with gender, age and BMI. The temporal muscle thickness of both sexes was gradually thinning with age, while the whole temporal soft tissue was thickening with the increase of BMI.

目的 探究川渝地区汉族成年人颞区各层软组织厚度随性别、年龄变化的规律,为颞区凹陷及颞区年轻化的治疗提供参考依据.方法 收集我院影像科头颅MRI资料600例(男、女各300例),测量不同横断面颞区各点软组织厚度,比较颞区软组织厚度随性别及年龄变化的差异.结果 青年组:女性在三个横断面颞区全层软组织厚度、颞肌外组织厚度均大于男性(P<0.05);中年组:女性下颞区颞肌外组织厚度大于男性,颞肌厚度小于男性(P<0.05),男性上颞区全层软组织厚度及颞肌厚度大于女性(P<0.001);老年组:女性中下颞区颞肌外组织厚度大于男性(P<0.001),男性在三个横断面颞肌厚度大于女性(P<0.05).男性中年组颞肌外组织厚度及颞肌厚度与青年组相比无显著差异(P>0.05),女性中年组下颞区颞肌外软组织厚度与老年组相比无显著差异(P>0.05),其余各年龄段川渝地区汉族成年人颞区各测量软组织厚度均随着年龄增加均变薄,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 川渝地区汉族成人中,男性及女性颞区软组织厚度均随年龄增加而逐渐变薄.男性颞区软组织变薄以中上颞区为主,女性整个颞区均变薄,程度较男性更大.

目的 应用CT三维重建和磁共振成像(MRI)方法分别对川渝地区汉族人群眶区量点软组织厚度定量、定位测量,探讨CT三维重建和MRI测量眶区软组织厚度的可靠性及准确性,从而为临床面部年轻化诊疗提供精准的研究方法和术前指导.方法 收集来我院行CT三维重建和MRI检查的川渝地区汉族人群176例,眶区软组织厚度量点:上睑厚a(mm)、上睑厚b(mm)、 上睑厚c(mm)、下睑厚a'(mm)、下睑厚b'(mm)、下睑厚c'(mm);面部中线处软组织厚度量点:鼻根点厚T1(mm)、眉间点厚T2(mm),对CT三维重建和MRI测量结果进行统计对比分析.结果 1)应用CT三维重建测量各眶区量点软组织厚度与MRI测量结果对比,无统计学差异(P>0.05),二者相关性(用r来表示),r均>0.75;2)绘制Bland-Altman散点图,大部分散点在一致性限度(差值均数的95％参考值)范围内,且在临床认可的界值内;3)眶区软组织分布具有一定的规律性即:上睑眶区软组织厚度均较下睑眶区小,自下而上软组织厚度逐渐减小;而下睑眶区自上而下软组织厚度逐渐增大.结论 CT三维重建和MRI均是临床测量眶区软组织厚度的可靠方法,二者可以相互替代且联合应用可提高测量结果的精准性,为眶区年轻化诊疗提供了精准的术前指导.

目的 探讨汉族国人的衰老过程中眶区软组织结构的变化特征.方法 自2016年12月至2021年6月,收集重庆医科大学附属第一医院进行头部MRI检查的汉族国人228例,男性、女性各114例,患者的高清影像资料,测量眶区软组织厚度,包括:上睑区域上、中、下三点(a、b、c),下睑区域上、中、下三点(a'、b'、c'),鼻根点厚T1,眉间点厚T2,比较不同年龄、不同体质量指数(BMI)眶区测量点软组织厚度的差异.结果 ⑴男性上睑眶区及面部中线处各测量点软组织较女性厚(P<0.05);⑵同一性别人群眶区各测量点软组织厚度青年组和中年组比老年组薄(P<0.05);⑶不同BMI与眶区各测量点软组织厚度呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05).结论 汉族国人衰老过程中眶区及面中部软组织变化,随着人体的衰老和体质量的增加眶区及面中部软组织逐渐增厚.

对于儿童陈旧性肱骨髁上骨折合并肘外翻畸形，目前主要的治疗方式是截骨矫形及骨不连处植骨，但是截骨方式多样，术后常遗留外观畸形或肘关节功能障碍等并发症。因此，笔者采用回顾性病例系列研究分析2015年2月— 2018年9月重庆医科大学附属儿童医院收治的6例陈旧性肱骨外髁骨折合并肘外翻畸形患儿临床资料，探讨梯形截骨的可行性及临床效果，为儿童肘外翻畸形的治疗提供一种新的方式。

Objective To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) transplanted on experimental liver fibrosis in rats as well as the relevant mechanism.Methods BMSCs were isolated and purified from male SD rats by direct adherence method.Thirty female SD rats were divided into normal control,liver model and BMSC groups.The rats in model and BMSC groups were injected s.c.with 40% carbon tetrachloride,3 times a week,to copy liver fibrosis model.Eight weeks after starting copy of the model,the rats in BMSC group were transplanted twice with 2 × 106 BMSCs,at an interval of 3 d.The rats in various groups were killed 12 after starting copy of the model,of which the alanine amiotransferase(ALT),asparatate aminotransferase(AST) and albumin(ALB) content in sera were determined,the pathological change of liver was observed by HE and VG staining,the expressions of typeⅠ collagen(ColⅠ) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) in liver were determined by immunohistochemical assay and fluorescent quantitative PCR,and those of transformation growth factor(TGF)β1 and Smad3 mRNAs by fluorescent quantitative PCR.Results The liver fibrosis of rats was severer in BMSC group than in model group.Compared with those in model group,the ALT and AST levels in BMSC group increased significantly(P 0.05),while ALB level decreased significantly(P 0.05).Co1Ⅰ and GFAP were expressed in a large quantity in fibers of rats in BMSC group,of which the mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in BMSC group than in model group(P 0.05).The expression levels of TGFβ1 and Smad3 mRNAs were significantly higher in model and BMSC groups than in normal group(P 0.05),and in BMSC group than in model group(P 0.05).Conclusion The transplantation with BMSCs aggravated the liver fibrosis of rats by up-regulating the expressions of TGFβ1 and Smad3 in TGFβ/Smad signal transduction pathway.

Objective To investigate the possibilities of differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) into myofibroblasts in various disease models.Methods BMSCs were isolated and purified from the marrows in femora and tibiae of rats by whole bone marrow adherent culture method and subcultured in vitro.The BMSCs of passage 3 were identified for surface antigen and induced to evaluate the abilities of adipogenesis and osteogenesis.Thirty-five rats were divided into normal control(A),liver fibrosis model(B),ulcerative colitis model(C),liver fibrosis model transplanted with BMSCs(D) and ulcerative colitis model transplanted with BMSCs(E) groups,seven for each.The rats in groups B and D were injected s.c.with 40% carbon tetrachloride to copy liver fibrosis model,and those in group D were transplanted with 1 × 106 DAPI-labeled BMSCs through caudal vein 8 weeks later.However,the rats in groups C and E were treated with ethanol solution containing trinitrobenzenesulfonate(TNBS) by enema to copy ulcerative colitis model,and those in group E were transplanted with 1 × 106 DAPI-labeled BMSCs through caudal vein 24 h later.All the rats were killed 2 weeks after transplantation with BMSCs,of which the liver tissues in groups B and D were observed for pathological change by HE and VG staining,while the intestinal tissues in groups C and E by HE staining.The expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) in all the tissue samples were determined by IFA.The distribution of BMSCs in liver and intestinal tract and α-SMA in liver were observed by laser confocal microscopy.Results BMSCs were positive for CD29,CD166 and CD90 but negative for CD45,and were differentiated into osteoblasts and adipocytes.Ten weeks after copy of disease models,the hepatic cords of rats were arranged irregularly,with the proliferation of a large quantity of collage fibers in portal region and formation of pseudolobules.However,in groups C and E,the mucosal thickening of colon,ulcer and infiltration of a large quantity of inflammatory cells into the mucosa and sub mucosxa of colon were observed.DAPI-labeled BMSCs were mainly distributed in the fibrous cords of livers of rats in group D,and in the mucosa and sub mucosa of colons in group E,both of which were positive for α-SMA.Conclusion BMSCs may be differentiated into myofibroblasts in both the liver of rats with liver fibrosis and the colon of rats with ulcerative colitis.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of directed differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BM-MSCs)into hepatocyte-like cells with hepatocyte growth facto(rHGF)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF).Methods BM-MSCs were isolated and purified from rat femora by direct adherence method and subcultured in vitro,then identified by flow cytome-try and ossification induction.The BM-MSCs of passage 3 were induced with HGF(20 ng / ml)+ bFGF(10 ng / ml),using those without induction as control,then observed for morphology under invert microscope,determined for transcription levels of alpha feto-protein(AFP)and albumin(ALB)mRNAs by RT-PCR,and for expressions of AFP and ALB by immunocytochemical staining.Re-sults The phenotypic markers and functional characters of BM-MSCs of passage 3 were of characteristics of MSCs.After induction with HGF and bFGF,BM-MSCs showed the morphology of hepatocyte-like cells,in which the expressions of AFP and ALB mRNAs were detected.The expression of AFP was observed on day 7,while decreased on day 14 and disappeared on day 21 after induction.However,the expression of ALB appeared on day 14 and increased with the increasing time for induction.Conclusion HGF and bFGF induced the differentiation of BM-MSCs into hepatocyte-like cells in vitro.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of small interference RNA(siRNA) plasmid carrying neuropilin 1(NRP1) gene on growth of transplanted gastric carcinoma in nude mice.Methods The siRNA sequence targeting to human NRP1 gene was designed,based on which a pair of complementary oligonucleotides were synthesized,annealed and cloned into plasmid pGenesil-1.1 to construct recombinant plasmid siRNA-NRP1.Transplanted gastric carcinoma model was established by injecting s.c.nude mice with human gastric carcinoma SGC7901 cells,and siRNA-NRP1 was injected into the tumors formed.The nude mice were observed for clinical manifestation,and determined for size and weight of transplanted tumors.The tumor tissue and angiogenesis were observed by examination on pathological sections,and the expression of NRP1 and microvessel density in transplanted tumors by immunohistochemical assay.Results Restriction analysis and sequencing proved that target oligonucleotide fragment was cloned into plasmid pGenesil-1.1.Both the size and weight of transplanted tumors of nude mice injected with siRNA-NRP1 were less than those of control(P 0.01).Pathological examination of pathological sections showed that,compared with that in control group,obvious necrosis of tumor cells was observed siRNA-NRP1 group.Immunohistochemical assay showed the both the expression levels of NRP1 and microvessel density in transplanted tumors of nude mice in siRNA-NRP1 were significantly lower than those in control group(P 0.01).Conclusion The siRNA-NRP1 inhibited the NRP1 expression in transplanted gastric carcinoma of nude mice and influenced the angiogenesis of tumors,thus inhibited the tumor growth.