WLJCP-A-b (29.8 kDa), a novel water-soluble pectin, was extracted from Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis and subsequently purified using DEAE-Cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B columns. FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra combined with NMR spectroscopy indicate that WLJCP-A-b is a low methyl-esterified homogalacturonan (HG) type pectin covalently linked with RG-II and minor RG-I domains, with a degree of methyl-esterification of 29.5 %. Oligogalacturonides produced from HG domain were non-, mono-, di-, tri-, or tetra-esterified and/or acetyl-esterified with a 1 to 8 degree of polymerization. In vitro experiments showed that WLJCP-A-b possessed stronger antioxidant activity and protected INS-1 cells against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced oxidative damage by improving cell survival and insulin secretion, as well as maintaining mitochondrial function in β-cells, in part this might due to the presence of high galacturonic acid (GalA) and low methyl-esterified degree. Notably, WLJCP-A-b was found to effectively promote the expression levels of glutaredoxin 2 (Grx2) and glutathione reductase (GR), improve the GSH/GSSG ratio and the NADPH/NADP+ ratio, and enhance the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). These findings provided novel insights into the structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanisms of the antioxidant and protective effects of pectin from Lonicerae Japonicae Caulis on TBHP-induced INS-1 cells.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), known for its immune regulatory and hematopoietic effects, DBD improved the quality of life in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Previous research confirmed that DBD can alleviate gemcitabine (GEM) induced myelosuppression. However, the in vivo pharmacodynamics material basis for this formula remains unclear. Aim of the study The objective of this study is to elucidate the impact of GEM-induced myelosuppression on the in vivo pharmacokinetic, specifically the absorption, distribution and metabolism, of multicomponent DBD. Materials and Methods A myelosuppression rat model was induced by GEM. A sensitive and accurate method for quantifying six potential bioactive constituents of DBD in biological samples was developed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and this method was fully validated. Then, the integrated pharmacokinetic properties of DBD in normal rats and myelosuppression rats were investigated. Subsequently, tissue distributions of those constituents in three organs were determined, the metabolism of these constituents was characterized in plasma, small intestine and colon, and the overall parameters between normal and myelosuppression rats were compared. Then, intestinal injury and the expression levels of occludin, claudin-1, CYP3A, CYP2D6/7, UGT1A1 and UGT1A9 were investigated. Finally, 16S rDNA gene sequencing was adopt to analyze intestinal bacteria composition for the treatment of myelosuppression by DBD. Results In the pharmacokinetic study, it was found that a single administration under myelosuppressive conditions affected the absorption of calycosin (C), calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (CG), formononetin (F), ononin (O) and ferulic acid (FA). The plasma exposure of CG, F and FA increased. When DBD was administered long-term to alleviate myelosuppression, significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters were observed for five compounds (excluding C) compared with normal rats in CD group. The plasma exposure of F and astragaloside IV (A) increased, while that of FA decreased. In the tissue distribution study, compared with C and M groups, the contents of C, O and CG changed significantly. Under long-term administration, the tissue contents of CG, O, F, A and FA also showed significant alterations in model rats compared with normal rats. A total of 56 metabolites derived from C, CG, F, O and FA were identified in plasma, small intestine and colon. Among these, 22 differential metabolites were detected in plasma, and 23 were found in the small intestine and colon of myelosuppressed rats in MD group. Furthermore, long-term administration significantly influenced the absorption, distribution and metabolism of six components in DBD, both in healthy and myelosuppressed rats. H&E staining confirmed the presence of intestinal injury in myelosuppressed rats. Western blot analysis revealed altered expression levels of occludin and claudin-1 in the intestinal tissue, as well as UGT1A1 in the liver. Simultaneously, myelosuppression induced an increase in the pathogenic bacterium (Escherichia-Shigella), while the abundance of the probiotic (Lactobacillus) decreased. This is consistent with the observed intestinal injury and downregulation of occludin. Interestingly, the abundances of other beneficial bacteria (Phascolarctobacterium) were increased in myelosuppressed rats. In summary, the disposition of the six components in DBD was closely linked to the gut microbiota, intestinal tight junction proteins and metabolic enzymes in myelosuppressed rats. Conclusions Herein, we report for the first time on the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and metabolism of six constituents in DBD during myelosuppression treatment. The in vivo disposition mechanisms were explained through analyses of intestinal integrity, protein expression and microbial abundance. This work provides valuable data and new insights for identifying the efficacy-related substance basis of DBD against GEM-induced myelosuppression.

The pectic polysaccharide WTRP-A0.2b (43 kDa) has been isolated from Typhonii rhizoma and analyzed in terms of its structural features, anti-tumor activities and mechanism of action. NMR, FT-IR, monosaccharide composition, and enzymology demonstrate that WTRP-A0.2b is composed of rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) and homogalacturonan (HG) domains with mass ratios of 3.7:1:1.7, respectively. The RG-I domains contain a highly branched structure that is substituted primarily with β-D-1,4-galactan, α-L-1,5-arabinan, and AG-II. The HG domains contain un-esterified and methyl-esterified and/or acetyl-esterified oligogalacturonides with a degree of polymerization of 1-8. In vitro experiments demonstrate that WTRP-A0.2b inhibits proliferation of K562 cells by inducing mitochondrial damage and suppressing glycolysis. This activity promotes mitochondrial permeability, increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), boosts extracellular oxygen consumption and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, while it decreases uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) expression and lactic acid content. Our results provide valuable insight for screening natural polysaccharide-based anti-tumor effects of polysaccharides from Typhonii rhizoma.

Combine the learning characteristics of medical specialty and the core socialist values. Ideological and political education is integrated into the teaching of biochemistry and molecular biology. We will strive to cultivate medical talents of the new era with excellent medical skills, noble medical ethics, the patriotism, concern for the people's livelihood and dedication for the society, guided by "professionalism", "practicing ability" and "social adaptation". The talent training of medical university bears the important task of training medical workers with noble medical ethics, exquisite medical skills and humanistic spirit [1]. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology is an important basic and compulsory course for medical majors. Its relevant theories and technologies have penetrated into all fields of basic medicine and clinical medicine. This course contains rich ideological and political education elements, which are closely combined with clinical practice and daily life, so that students can more vividly and concretely grasp the knowledge and feel the essence of the thought. The implementation of curriculum ideological and political education is helpful to improve the humanistic quality of medical students and professional ethics of doctors. This paper explores and practices the implementation methods of curriculum ideology in biochemistry and molecular biology. It also integrates the elements of moral education into daily teaching guided by "professional spirit", "practicing ability" and "social adaptation", aiming to continuously improve the effect of education and ultimately contribute to the cultivation of medical talents with both moral and medical skills.

In this study, we isolated the pectic polysaccharide WSMP-A2b (37 kDa) from the stems and leaves of Swertia mileensis, and we investigated its compositional/structural features and antioxidant activity. FT-IR, NMR, monosaccharide composition, enzymatic hydrolysis and methylation analyses indicated that WSMP-A2b is composed of rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) and homogalacturonan (HG) domains with mass ratios of 2.1:1.0:2.2. The RG-I domain is primarily substituted with α-L-1,5-arabinan and type II arabinogalactan (AG-II) side chains, as well as minor contributions of β-D-1,4-galactan and/or type I arabinogalactan (AG-I) side chains. The HG domain was released in the form of un-esterified and partly methyl-esterified and/or acetyl-esterified oligogalacturonides with a 1 to 7 degree of polymerization after endo-polygalacturonase degradation. WSMP-A2b showed stronger antioxidant activity in vitro, in part this might due to the presence of galacturonic acid (GalA). In addition, WSMP-A2b exerted a protective effect on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP)-induced oxidative stress in INS-1 cells by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increasing the glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio. Our results provide crucial structural information on this pectic polysaccharide from Swertia mileensis, thus prompting further investigation into its structure-activity relationship.

Landfill leachate is a kind of wastewater with poor biodegradability and an imbalanced carbon-nitrogen ratio,which was difficult to treat.If not strictly treated,it will cause serious harm to the environment.The MAP method can remove ammonia nitrogen of 93.75%in the landfill leachate and the part of COD under the conditions of pH=10,n(Mg 2+ ):n（NH 4 + ）:n(PO 4 3- ) of 1.3:1:1.Then the adopting single factor experiment was used to investigate the influences of ozone flow rate,reaction time,pH of landfill leachate,and H 2 O 2 dosage on the treatment effect of landfill leachate,and the optimal reaction conditions for the test were determined such as ozone concentration of 75 mg/L,ozone flow rate of 0.7 L/min,and reaction time of 20 min,pH=8.9,n（Η 2 Ο 2 ）/n（Ο 3 ） ratio is 0.5,tthe effluent water quality:COD is 543 mg/L,BOD 5 is 225 mg/L,BOD 5 /COD is 0.414,ammonia nitrogen concentration is 10.2 mg/L,and total nitrogen concentration is 66.5 mg/L.

目前超过70％的候选药物由于溶解度低而应用受限.添加助溶剂是提高难溶性药物溶解度的常用方法之一.助溶剂不易燃、易获得、环境友好、回收快,在提高难溶性药物溶解度方面的应用越来越广泛.然而,许多助溶剂的助溶机制尚不明确,对助溶机制的探索是当前研究的热点之一.该研究简述了助溶剂的分类,重点介绍助溶机制,包括助溶剂的自缔合、助溶剂与溶质的络合、水结构的改变等,以期为应用助溶剂提高难溶性药物溶解度提供理论参考.

To investigate the effect of Ginsenoside Rg3 on insulin secretion in mouse MIN6 cells and the possible mechanism. The cultured mouse pancreatic islet MIN6 cells were divided into control group (NC), Rg3 group (Rg3, 50 μg/L), high glucose group (HG, 33 mmol/L), High glucose and Rg3 group (HG + Rg3), after 48 h of continuous culture, CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability; mouse insulin enzyme-linked immunoassay kit to detect insulin release; ATP content detection kit to detect ATP; DCFH-DA to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels; total glutathione (T-GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) assay kit to detect the ratio of GSH/GSSG; Using the mitochondrial membrane channel pore (MPTP) fluorescence detection kit in MIN6 cells and collect the intensity of green fluorescence; Western blot to detect the expression of antioxidant proteins Glutathione reductase (GR). The results showed that compared with the NC group, the cell viability of the HG was decreased ( P < 0.05), insulin release decreased ( P < 0.001), ATP content decreased significantly ( P < 0.001), and ROS content increased ( P < 0.01), the GSH/GSSH ratio of pancreatic islet cells decreased ( P < 0.05),the green fluorescence intensity decreased ( P < 0.001), indicating that the permeability of mitochondria increased and the content of antioxidant protein in the cells decreased ( P < 0.05). Compared with the HG group, the cell viability of the HG + Rg3 group was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), the amount of insulin released was significantly increased ( P < 0.001), ATP content was significantly increased ( P < 0.01), and the ROS content was significantly decreased ( P < 0.01), GSH/GSSH ratio increased significantly ( P < 0.05), the green fluorescence intensity was increased ( P < 0.001), indicating that the permeability of mitochondria decreased and antioxidant protein GR content increased significantly ( P < 0.05). Taken together, our results suggest that Rg3 has an antioxidant protective effect on mouse pancreatic islet cells damaged by high glucose and maintains pancreatic islet cell function and promotes insulin secretion.

传统的治疗药物存在稳定性差、摄取效率低、细胞毒性大以及靶向能力差等缺点.因此需要安全的药物传递系统来延长药物在体内的循环和暴露.以红细胞为载体的新型药物递送系统凭借其良好的生物相容性、低免疫原性以及长循环时间而逐渐成为理想的药物递送平台.基于红细胞的药物递送系统包括多种类型,主要有红细胞膜包裹纳米颗粒载药系统和基因工程红细胞等.另外,对红细胞进行功能化修饰,可显著增强靶向性,进一步开发和扩大红细胞载药体系在多种疾病治疗中的应用.本研究介绍了以红细胞为载体的化学药物及疫苗的递送方法,重点讨论了仿生纳米红细胞药物递送系统及其对机体各部位的靶向性研究,并且总结了近年来基因工程红细胞策略的研究进展.

The development of dissolving microneedles (DMNs) has brought light to the transdermal delivery of bio-molecules that are released into the skin through the rapid dissolution of the matrix material to enter the sys-temic circulation and exert therapeutic effects. Herein, we aimed to prepare, characterize, and analyze the effectiveness of a glucagon-loaded DMN system that rapidly increases blood sugar levels in rats with diabetic hypoglycemia. The stability and content of biological drugs following DMNs preparation was assessed using circular dichroism and bicinchoninic acid kit for protein determination kits(BCA kits). The maximum drug loading capacity of DMNs was approximately 140 & mu;g in each patch, and the microneedles could be stored for up to 14 days under dry storage conditions. In vitro skin permeation studies were conducted using a Franz diffusion cell apparatus for glucagon-loaded DMNs. To investigate the efficacy of transdermal drug delivery, drug-laden DMNs were administered to rats with hypoglycemic diabetes. Compared to subcutaneous injections, micro-needle drug release demonstrated comparable efficacy in raising blood glucose levels in vivo. Therefore, this study demonstrated that glucagon-loaded DMNs may be a promising approach for efficient transdermal drug delivery as an alternative to subcutaneous injection for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes.

Pectins are nutrient components of plants and are widely used in the food industry. In this study, one major pectin fraction (WLJP-A0.2b) with Mw of 40.6 kDa was purified from Lonicera japonica Thunb. The structural feature and antioxidant activity of it was investigated. Monosaccharide composition, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, enzymatic hydrolysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra analysis indicated that WLJP-A0.2b consisted of rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II), and homogalacturonan (HG) domains, with mass ratio of 0.4:1.0:2.1. The RG-I domain contained highly branched α-L-1,5-arabinan, β-D-1,4-galactan and type II arabinogalactan (AG-II) side chains. The HG domain was released in the form of un-esterified and partly methyl-esterified and/or acetyl-esterified oligogalacturonides with degree of polymerization 1–8 after degradation by endo-polygalacturonase. Radical scavenging assays indicated that WLJP-A0.2b exhibited antioxidant activity through the synergistic effects of different pectin domains. Oligogalacturonides, especially de-esterified oligogalacturonides, showed better antioxidant activities than RG-II and RG-I domains. Moreover, de-esterified oligogalacturonides remarkably reduced H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species production in HEK-293T cells. These results provide useful information for screening of natural antioxidants from Lonicera japonica Thunb. and application of pectin in functional food field.

选择多面空心球、砾石、牡蛎壳、组合式填料和粉煤灰陶粒构建生物滤池模拟实验装置，用以处理农村生活污水，并在运行中投加硅藻土强化，重点考察装置对农村生活污水中COD的去除效果，最后通过响应曲面法对其进行优化得到最优工况。结果表明，室温在5～25℃、溶解氧为2.5～3.5 mg/L、pH为7～8、水力负荷为4.59 m3/（m2·d）时、生物滤器连续进出水及硅藻土投加量35 mg/L时，上述5种填料滤器模拟装置对COD的去除率分别是84.71%、76.97%、82.94%、82.45%和81.82%，系统运行效果良好，5种填料生物滤器的COD出水指标达到河北省《农村村生活污水排放标准》（DB 13/2171-2020）二级标准和《农田灌溉水质标准》（GB5084-2021），可用于农田灌溉、绿化；并通过响应曲面法对多面空心球生物滤器装置进行优化，得到最佳条件是当水力负荷为5.33 m3/（m2·d），硅藻土投加量为45 mg/L，装置为连续进出水时COD去除率为84.62%，预测值为99.63%。

Objective The aim of this study was to develop a pediatric oral preparation for ibuprofen. Significance Ibuprofen is widely used for defervescence in children, but medication compliance is poor due to its bitter taste. Dry emulsions possess good stability and can be transported and stored in solid form; they can be dispersed into liquid emulsions with water and easily administered to children. Methods In this study, a dry emulsion excipient was prepared by spray drying: a mixture of orange peel and corn oils (3:7, w/w) was used as the oil phase and solvent for ibuprofen; gum arabic and gum tragacanth were chosen as emulsifiers; and maltodextrin was used as a solid carrier. Results The particle sizes of the liquid and reconstituted emulsions were 5.75 mu m and 6.11 mu m, respectively; the average particle size distribution of the dry emulsion powder was 8.13 mu m; scanning electron microscopy showed that the dry emulsion powder was composed of evenly distributed smooth spheres. At a drug loading of 36.52 +/- 1.15 mg/g, 90% of ibuprofen was released from the dry emulsion excipient within 30 min. Sensory evaluations using human volunteers, rats, and an electronic tongue demonstrated that the emulsion had a taste-masking effect on ibuprofen. It was further corroborated by in vivo studies using a rat model that highlighted a 1.76-fold increase in ibuprofen absorption when the drug was administered as an emulsion compared with granules. Conclusions These results indicate that the dry emulsion for taste-masking is promising and valuable in the development of ibuprofen for pediatrics.

Reverse micelles are nanoaggregates of surfactants that spontaneously form in a non-aqueous solvent. As a transdermal carrier for delivery of hydrophilic drugs, they can effectively control the release of drugs and improve their bioavailability thus achieving therapeutic levels throughout the body. Here, we prepared insulin-loaded reverse micelles composed of isopropyl myristate (IPM) and lecithin as the solvent and the surfactant, respectively. We tuned the amount of lecithin and volume of insulin leading to significant variations in viscosity. The optimal permeation flux was (6.98 +/- 2.85) to (8.95 +/- 4.74) mu g/cm(2)/h with a gel viscosity of 1079.56-2956.45 cP. The in vitro insulin permeation through hairless mice skin from reverse micelles gel followed zero-order kinetics (R-2 = 0.9234-0.9853) over a period of 24 h with case-II transport mechanism. The in vivo study of optimized reverse micelles gel in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits demonstrated prolonged hypoglycemic effects of at least 12 h after transdermal administration. The optimal relative bioavailability (RBA) value was 136.74% versus the subcutaneous insulin group. We evaluated coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations (CGMD) to explore the permeation mechanism of reverse micelles to improve transdermal drug delivery and modify the viscosity on insulin release. The results indicated that reverse micelles deform after contacting the stratum corneum and penetrate further through it. There is reduced insulin release with increasing viscosity. The CGMD results confirmed the experimental findings.

生物药剂学实验是临床药学专业的主干课程,为了提升教学效果,尝试实验课的教学改革,采用先对教学实验内容进行层次分析梳理,不同层次设置不同的问题导向,引起学生解决问题的动力,然后在回答解释问题中学到课堂教学主要内容的新教学法,课后采用问卷与实验报告打分法判断新方法的教学效果.结果表明新教学法在两种评判机制中均比传统讲授法效果好,学生满意度较高,值得进一步研究推广.

Increasing studies have demonstrated the important roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human malignancies. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms and functions of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are still not fully understood. In the present study, we evaluated circ_0021093 expression in 82 pairs of HCC tissues and 5 cell lines by qRT-PCR. The clinical implications of circ_0021093 were evaluated. In addition, the viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion capacities of different HCC cells were evaluated by gain-/loss-of-function experiments. Target prediction and dual-luciferase reporter experiments were performed to identify the molecular mechanisms of circ_0021093. Upregulation of circ_0021093 was found in HCC tumor samples and cells. Additionally, upregulated circ_0021093 was related to adverse clinical characteristics and an unfavorable prognosis. Furthermore, downregulated circ_0021093 attenuated cell growth, migration and invasion but increased cell apoptosis. By contrast, ectopically expressed circ_0021093 enhanced the abovementioned malignant biological behaviors. For mechanism exploration, circ_0021093 sponges of miR-766-3p were used in HCC cells. In addition, we found that metastasis-associated protein 3 (MTA3) was a direct target of miR-766-3p and that the oncogenic function of circ_0021093 was partly dependent on the miR-766-3p/MTA3 axis according to rescue assays. In conclusion, the circ_0021093/miR-766-3p/MTA3 regulatory axis may be an effective therapeutic target for HCC.

AIM:To explore the effects of genipin (GEN) on high glucose (HG) -induced oxidative stress injury and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.METHODS:H9c2 cells were cultured in vitro and HG-induced injury model was established.H9c2 cells were divided into 4 groups:normal control (NC) group (glucose at 5.6 mmol/L) , HG group (glucose at 50 mmol/L) , NG+GEN group and HG+GEN group.The concentration of genipin was used at 10μmol/L.The viability of the H9c2 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay.The intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined by enzyme labeling and WST-1 methods, respectively.The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the cell culture supernatant was detected by microplate method.Fluorescent probe DCF was used to detect intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).Nucleosome fragments was measured to evaluate cell apoptosis by ELISA.The intracellular mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 method.The protein levels of Mn-SOD, cytochrome C (Cyt C) , Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were determined by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with HG group, the cell viability in HG+GEN group was increased significantly (P<0.05) , the levels of MDA and LDH were decreased (P<0.05) , SOD activity was increased (P<0.05) , the levels of ROS and nucleosome fragments in HG+GEN group were decreased (P<0.05) , and the mitochondrial membranes potential was notably increased (P<0.05).Compared with NG group, the activation of Mn-SOD was decreased, but the protein levels of Cyt C, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were increased in HG group (P<0.05).Compared with HG group, the activation of Mn-SOD was increased, and the protein levels of Cyt C, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased in HG+GEN group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Genipin protects HG-induced H9c2 cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress injury and apoptosis.

药剂学是一门综合性应用技术学科 ,在学习过程中涉及很多基本理论、处方设计、质量控制和合理应用等方面的内容[1 ] .药剂学是药学院校开设的主要专业课程之一.作者从事河北医科大学全日制本科药学及临床药学专业《药剂学》教学与科研工作 ,在工作中 ,发现很多学生(甚至是研究生)虽然对药剂学有很浓厚的兴趣 ,但学不得法 ,即使已经系统地学习完这门课程 ,在遇到实际问题时依然束手无策 ,从而渐渐地失去了学习的兴趣与动力.

目的 合成抗菌肽Cn-AMP2并用光谱学方法 研究其抗革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌的作用机制.方法通过Fmoc固相合成的方式制备抗菌肽Cn-AMP2并测定抗菌肽Cn-AMP2对不同菌株的最低抑菌浓度.使用圆二色光谱法测定抗菌肽Cn-AMP2在不同缓冲溶液体系中的二级结构;以N-苯基-1-萘胺为探针进行细胞外膜渗透性实验.以溴化乙锭为荧光探针,通过肽与DNA竞争结合荧光光谱研究抗菌肽Cn-AMP2对细菌基因组DNA作用.结果 通过Fmoc固相合成制备的抗菌肽Cn-AMP2经高效液相色谱纯化后,质谱测定分子量为1266.40 Da,表明合成无误.对革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌均具有较强的杀伤作用.针对不同菌株,最低抑菌浓度MIC为50.0～100.0μg/mL.在圆二色光谱测定结果表明抗菌肽Cn-AMP2为螺旋结构多肽.在模拟的疏水环境下,其摩尔椭圆率为-2548 degree?cm2?dmol-1.在细菌外膜渗透性实验表明细胞膜是抗菌肽的作用靶点.抗菌肽Cn-AMP2与基因组DNA具有结合能力,表明基因组DNA也是作用靶点.结论 抗菌肽Cn-AMP2通过作用于细胞膜和基因组DNA产生抗菌作用.

To investigate endogenous carnosine, glutathione system and oxidative stress levels in serum of patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy, and analyze relationships among endogenous carnosine, glutathione system and oxidative stress of patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy. The serum of 68 healthy people (NC), 75 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 57 patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) of the third affiliated hospital of QiQihar Medical University were collected. Carnosine content was measured by ELISA. T-GSH, GSH and GSSG were measured by micro-enzyme labeling. Clinical datas were compared: In comparison to NC group, BMI, FPG, 2hPG,C peptide and HbA1c in the DCM group and DM group increased significantly (P<0.05). The average value of human serum carnosine content, GSH content, GSH/GSSG ratio in the DM and DCM group were significantly lower than that in the control one (P<0.05). Serum endogenous antioxidant peptides and reduced glutathione (GSH) level drop and the imbalance of redox state in diabetic cardiomyopathy patients, which promote the occurrence and development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.