目的 基于三维有限元分析,观察易筋经托天桩式对颈型颈椎病患者临床效果以及颈椎生物力学的改变情况.方法 选取62例颈型颈椎病患者,按年龄分为青年组、中年组各31例,2组均进行为期12周的易筋经托天式练习.结果 练习12周后,2组VAS评分均较练习前明显降低(P<0.05);有限元分析加载一定的力矩使模型作前屈、后伸、侧屈、旋转的动作,2组练习后C4-7椎间盘应力、关节突关节囊应力均低于练习前(P<0.05).结论 通过练习易筋经托天桩可缓解颈型颈椎病患者疼痛,使患椎部位应力分布更加良好.

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of dosage changes of Coptis chinensis and Scutellaria baicalensis on the yields of anthraquinone in Xiexin decoction.METHODS With no variable doses of Rheum tangaticum,central composite design was adopted to design dose ratio of Xiexin decoction.Anthraquinone was quantitatively determined in the different doses of herbs of Xiexin decoction by HPLC method,to calculate dissolution rate,construct mathematical model,analyze variation of dissolution rate of anthraquinones in the different doses of herbs of Xiexin decoction.RESULTS With no variable doses of Rheum tangaticum,dissolution rate of anthraquinone is different by doses of Coptis chinensis and Scutellaria baicalensis.Scutellaria baicalensis greatly influenced dissolution rate of anthraquinones.Anthraquinone components got high yields when the dosage ratios of Xiexin decoction were as follows:Rheum tangaticum-Coptis chinensis-Scutellaria baicalensis (6∶0.17 ∶ 5.83).CONCLUSION Response surface methodology with central composite design is simple and more convenient on compatibility researches of traditional Chinese medicines formulae with higher precision.Compared to linear regression analysis,nonlinear regression analysis is more suitable for the research the variation of dissolution rates of effective ingredients in the different doses of herbs of Chinese compound formula.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different dose compatibility of Scutellaria baicalensis-Rheum palmatum-Coptis chinensis based on Sanhuang Xiexin decoction (shorted for Xiexin decoction) on dissolution rate of baicalin and baicalein, and to provide reference for studying chemical mechanism of TCM compound dose composition compatibility. METHODS: HPLC method was used to determine the contents of baicalin and baicalein. By fixing the dose of S. baicalensis (3 g), using the dose of R. palmatum and C. chinensis as factors, dissolution rate of baicalin and baicalein as response value, two-factor and five-level central composite test was designed. The optimal dose compatibility of S. baicalensis-R. Palmatum-C. chinensis was optimized by response surface method, and compared with the dissolution rate of baicalin and baicalein in classic dose Xiexin decoction (S. baicalensis 3 g, R. Palmatum 6 g, C. chinensis 3 g). RESULTS: When the doses of S. baicalensis, R. palmatum, C. chinensis were 3, 1. 76, 0. 17 g, total dissolution rate of baicalin and baicalein was the highest in extract. The average total dissolution rate of baicalin and baicalein in validation test was 21. 89％ (RSD=0. 46％, n=3),and the relative error was 2. 88％ with the predicted value of 22. 54％. Compared with the classical dose of Xiexin decoction, the total dissolution rate of baicalin and baicalein in the optimum dose of S. baicalensis-R. Palmatum-C. chinensis in extract was increased by 47. 21％. CONCLUSIONS: The different dose compatibility of S. baicalensis-R. Palmatum-C. chinensis based on Xiexin decoction influence the dissolution of baicalin and baicalein to certain extent. When the doses of S. baicalensis, R. palmatum, C. chinensis are 3, 1. 76, 0. 17 g, dissolution rate of baicalin and baicalein are higher than that of classic dose.

目的 研究大黄、黄芩的剂量配伍变化对黄连生物碱类成分在整方中溶出的影响.方法 应用星点设计-响应面法,研究大黄、黄芩的剂量配伍变化对黄连生物碱类成分在整方中溶出的影响.结果 配伍研究的结果表明,各味药在泻心汤的剂量配比为黄连-大黄-黄芩(3∶ 4.95∶ 5.83)时,黄连生物碱类成分有好的溶出率.验证试验中黄连生物碱类成分的溶出率为1.12％(偏差为3.27.％,n=3).结论 将星点设计-响应面法应用于中药复方剂量配伍方面的研究,具有方法简便,精度高的优点.

目的 建立紫外分光光度法测定生大黄和醋大黄总葸醌的含量.方法 以大黄素为对照品,浓度为1％的醋酸镁甲醇溶液对其进行显色,在513 nm波长处测定吸光度,测定生大黄和醋大黄总葸醌的含量.结果 比较其含量差异,揭示大黄炮制前后总葸醌的含量变化.结论 该方法可作为大黄不同炮制品的质量控制方法.

苦菜分布广泛,营养丰富,被人们广泛使用.为了更好地研究苦菜,文章综述了2011年至2017年关于苦菜药理作用、工艺优化方面的研究进展.

建立紫外分光光度法测定大黄不同炮制品中总蒽醌的含量,以大黄素为对照品,浓度为1％的醋酸镁甲醇溶液对其进行显色,在516 nm波长处测定吸光度,测定大黄不同炮制品总蒽醌的含量,比较其含量差异,其回归方程为:y=0.0452x+0.0015,R2=0.9991,大黄素在浓度为0.98～23.52μg/mL内有良好的线性范围,且准确性高、 重复性好、 检测结果稳定.该方法揭示中药大黄炮制前后总蒽醌的含量变化.该方法可作为大黄不同炮制品的质量控制方法,为今后综合开发利用中药大黄资源提供参考依据.

OBJECTIVE To study the change of purgative activity Radix et Rhizoma matched with different herbs and their mutual relationship.METHODS Totally 140 experimental animals were randomly divided into saline group,phenolphthalein group,Radix et Rhizoma and other herb groups (15 g· kg-1,7.5 g· kg-1),at a dose of 10 mL 1 kg-1.These groups were comparing for purgative activity,function of colorim etric of phenol red,charcoal ink propulsion rate,and Na+-K+-ATPase activity of combined herbs of Radix et Rhizoma by metabolic cage integral method,colorim etric method of phenol red,effect of charcoal ink propulsion,and experiment of Na+-K+-ATPase activity.RESULTS The purgative activity of Radix et Rhizoma was mostly changed by different combind herbs.Compared with the normal group,Radix et Rhizoma group,Radix et Rhizoma and Moutan Cortex group,Radix et Rhizoma and Persicae Semem group at 15 g· kg-1 had significantly increased purgative activity,function of colorim etric of phenol red,charcoal ink propulsion rate,and Na+-K+-ATPase activity.Compared with Radix et Rhizoma group,the purgative activity was significantly increased in Radix et Rhizoma and Moutan Cortex group,Radix et Rhizoma and Persicae Semem group,especially in Moutan Cortex group.CONCLUSION Radix et Rhizoma can enhance the purgative activity when combined with Moutan Cortex,Persicae Semem and Kansui Radix,weaken the purgative activity whencombined with urantii Fructus Immaturus and Coptidis Rhizoma,which may be related with the influence of combined herbs of Radix et Rhizoma on dissollution of anthraquinones and sennosides,and the effect of the phase to the phase.

Objective:To study on the changes of the 7 anthraquinione derivatives in the herb-pairof Radix et Rhizoma,including emodin,rhein,chrysophanol,physcion,aloe-emodin,sennoside A,and sennoside B.Methods:The analysis was achieved with a Dikma Dimonsil-C18 column(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm),with gradientelution of 0.1％ (v/v) phosphoric acid in water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase.The flow rate was 1 mL·min-1,and the detect wavelength was set at 256 nm.Results:All the calibration curves showed good linearity (r≥0.999) in cetain concentration ranges.The RSD of the 7 analytes was all less than 3.0％,and the recovery rates were 94.54％ ～ 103.1％.The 7 anthraquinione derivatives were changed after compatibility.Comparing with single Radix et Rhizoma,Radix et Rhizoma and Persicae Semem,the sennoside B,rhein and physcion in Radix et Rhizoma and Moutan Cortex,Radix et Rhizoma and Kansui Radix were all increased,the sennoside A and emodin in Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma,Radix et Rhizoma and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus were decreased,especially,the group of Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma.The chrysophanol in Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma was decreased significantly and sharply.Conclusion:The contens of anthraquinones and sennosides in Radix et Rhizoma were mostly changed by different compatibilities,which indicated that the mechanism in compatible herbs of Radix et Rhizoma affected the dissolution of anthraquinones,and the effect of the phase to the phase,which may contribute to the characteristics of efficacy of Radix et Rhizoma.

目的:研究隔山香(Lemonfragrant Angelica Root,LAR)正丁醇部位对大鼠胸主动脉环的舒张作用,并探讨其可能的作用机制.方法:采用离体大鼠胸主动脉血管环灌流方法,考察0.34,0.65,1.22 g·L-1隔山香正丁醇部位对氯化钾(KCl)和去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)预收缩的血管环张力的影响.在无Ca2+ Kreb's液中,考察0.34,0.65,1.22 g·L-1隔山香正丁醇部位对氯化钙(CaCl2)量效曲线的影响和NE预收缩的血管环张力的影响.激光共聚焦扫描显微镜检测平滑肌细胞内[Ca2+]i的变化.结果:隔山香正丁醇部位对KC1和NE预收缩的内皮完整和去除内皮血管环均具有浓度依赖性的舒张作用(P＜0.01),并且去除内皮后的舒张作用未受影响;无Ca2条件下,隔山香正丁醇部位能使CaC12,NE预收缩强度显著性降低(P＜0.01).激光共聚焦扫描显微镜下,隔山香正丁醇部位(1.22 g·L-1)能抑制KC1,NE和毒胡萝卜素(thapsigargin,TG)引起的平滑肌细胞内[Ca2+]i升高.结论:隔山香正丁醇部位对大鼠胸主动脉血管有一定的舒张作用,可能通过抑制外钙内流和内钙释放发挥作用.本实验为隔山香水蒸气蒸馏后煎煮入药的成药制备工艺和水溶性药效指标成分的分离提供了依据.

大承气汤为中医经典名方,具有泻下、峻下热结之功效,是泻法的代表方剂.药理研究证明,大承气汤方剂除了具有泻下、抗菌、抗内毒素、降低炎性细胞因子、解热作用和解毒作用外,还对胃肠功能、免疫功能以及消化系统功能有显著的影响,对脑、肺等重要脏器具有明显的保护作用.

目的:以原儿茶酸为指标性成分,建立扁担藤薄层鉴别和提取工艺以及其含量测定方法.方法:薄层鉴别采用硅胶GF254薄层板,以体积比甲苯∶乙酸乙酯∶甲酸(12∶6∶1)为展开剂,置紫外灯(254nm)下检视.采用正交试验,以原儿茶酸含量为指标,考察溶剂浓度、溶剂体积和回流时间对扁担藤中原儿茶酸提取工艺的影响;采用色谱柱BDS HYPERSIL C18柱(4.60mm×250mm, 5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.1%磷酸(28∶72),检测波长258nm,流速1.0mL/min,柱温30℃,进样量10μL.结果:薄层色谱中可以检出原儿茶酸,斑点清晰,专属性好.原儿茶酸进样量在0.0292～0.1460 μg(R2=0.9991)范围呈良好的线性关系.扁担藤低、中、高加样组原儿茶酸的平均回收率分别为99.32%(RSD=1.73%)、98.54%(RSD=0.96%)和97.83%(RSD=1.40%).溶剂浓度为影响扁担藤中原儿茶酸提取效果的主要因素,确定最佳工艺条件为40%乙醇,溶剂体积为20mL,提取时间2.5h.结论:优选出的提取工艺稳定,提取率高.该方法能有效鉴别瑶药扁担藤,能准确地测定其原儿茶酸的含量,为开发利用其药材资源提供科学依据.

蒽醌类化合物大部分在自然界植物中存在,具有广泛的生理活性特点.近30年来,其抗菌作用得到关注和研究.研究结果表明,蒽醌类化合物能对各种细菌或真菌起到抑制或杀灭的作用.本文综述了蒽醌类化合物抗菌活性及其机制的进展,为进一步开发和临床应用蒽醌类化合物提供理论依据以及新的研究思路.

目的:研究大黄枳实、大黄黄连、大黄牡丹、大黄桃仁、大黄甘遂5个药对配伍后大黄泻火作用的变化及其共性关系.方法:将90只实验动物随机分为生理盐水组、模型组、阿司匹林组、大黄组、大黄枳实组、大黄黄连组、大黄牡丹组、大黄桃仁组、大黄甘遂组,每组10只.大黄组及大黄药对组(大黄生药量为15g/kg)按10ml/kg的容量给药3d后,于第4d尾静脉注射内毒素及干酵母复制大鼠发热模型,0.5 h后分别灌胃给药,观察比较各大鼠给药后7h内的体温变化.结果:与模型组比较,大黄各药对配伍后其泻火作用均有不同程度的改变,其中大黄组、大黄黄连组对内毒素及干酵母所致的发热具有显著退热作用;且与大黄组比较,大黄黄连组对内毒素及干酵母所致的发热具有更显著的退热作用.结论:大黄药对配伍后其泻火作用均有不同程度的改变,其中大黄黄连组的泻火作用最强,与大量文献报道的大黄药对配伍后蒽醌类成分的变化相对应.

Ethnopharmcological relevance: Lemonfragrant Angelica (Ostericum citriodorum (Hance) C. Q. Yuan & Shan) is a traditional Chinese herb for treatment of angina pectoris, stomach pain and abdominal pain. However, its active components and mechanisms of action were not well understood.Aims of the study: In this study, we investigated whether the isoapiole extracted from Lemonfragrant Angelica Root (LAR) could directly stimulate the production of nitric oxide (NO) in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and lead to the vascular relaxation.Materials and methods: Vascular activity experiments were performed in aortic rings isolated from Wistar rats using standard muscle bath procedures. Isoapiole was added with different concentrations (0.75, 2.5, 5 mu g/mL), and vessel relaxation of rat aortic rings pre-contracted with norepinephrine (NE) or potassium chloride was recorded. NO release from aortic rings exposed to isoapiole (5 mu g/mL) was measured by Griess method. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) incubated with isoapiole was determined using Western blot and microplate reader assay. Classical receptor antagonists, channel and enzymatic inhibitors were used to check the mechanisms involved.Results: Isoapiole (0.75, 2.5, 5 mu g/mL) inhibited norepinephrine-induced contraction in endothelium intact rat aortic rings. However, a very weak relaxation of aortic rings was obtained in endothelium denuded preparations. Isoapiole (0.75, 2.5, 5 mu g/mL) did not have vascular relaxative effect on neither endothelium-intact nor endothelium-denuded aortas pre-contracted with KCI (60 mmol/L). The vasorelaxation effect of isoapiole on rat aortic rings was attenuated by the eNOS inhibitor, N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). This result suggested that suggested that the isoapiole action was at least partially mediated by promoting eNOS expression. It was further found that isoapiole (5 mu g/mL) increased NO production in isolated rat thoracic aorta rings. Isoapiole increased eNOS expression leading to NO production in HUVECs.Conclusion: Isoapiole stimulates NO production in the endothelium, leading to vascular dilatation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

目的 观察小儿止泻口服液治疗病毒性腹泻患儿的临床疗效.方法 将90例腹泻患儿随机按照单盲法分为治疗组60例和对照组30例,2组患者均接受标准的西医基础治疗,治疗组在基础治疗上加用小儿止泻口服液,对照组则加用保济口服液.结果 治疗组总有效率(95.0％)明显高于对照组总有效率(86.7％),2组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组平均住院时间(4.5±1.0)d明显低于对照组平均住院时间(5.6±0.7)d,2组差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 小儿止泻口服液治疗可小儿病毒性腹泻能缩短住院天数,减轻临床症状,疗效确切且安全.

Objective: To develop a quantitative method for determination of Fukangan lotion by HPLC analysis. Methods: The samples were separated on a Kromasil C18MG(4.6 mm ×250 mm, 5 μm) withmethanol-0.1% phosphoric acid as the mobile phase(gradient elution). Flow rate was set at 1 mL/min and the detection wavelength was set at 230 nm. Results: The calibration curve of Eugenol and Sauchinone was linear within the range from 0.619 2 μg to 9.288 7 μg(r=0.999 8) and 0 μg to 3.204 0 μg(r=0.100 0),and the average recovery was 97.55%(RSD=1.27%) and 98.92%(RSD=1.03%)(n=6), respectively. Conclusion: The method is rapid,sensitive and reproducible, and can be used for independent Fukangan lotion quality control.

摘要:目的 建立隔山香药材中异芹菜脑(Isoapide,Iso)的高效液相色谱法( HPLC), 测定方法并初步探讨异芹 菜脑对体外培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤的保护作用。方法 采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:Kromasil C18 柱(4.6 mm伊250 mm,5 滋m);流动相:以甲醇-水(70 颐 30)洗脱,流速为 1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长为 280 nm, 柱温室温,进样量:10 滋L。并用原代培养的乳鼠心肌细胞建立缺氧复/氧损伤模型,异芹菜脑在建模前进行预 干预,心肌细胞随机分为 5组,空白对照组(Control,CON),缺氧/复氧组(hypoxia/reoxygenation,H/R),异 芹菜脑低、中、高剂量干预组 (IsoL、IsoM、IsoH)。缺氧 4 h/复氧 4 h后,采用 CCK-8法检测心肌细胞存活 率。结果 异芹菜脑在 0.02096~0.2096 mg·mL-1线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为 98.09 %,RSD=1.25 %。与空白对照组比较,缺氧/复氧组心肌细胞存活率显著降低(P 约 0.01);与缺氧/复氧组比较,IsoL、IsoM、 IsoH剂量干预组心肌细胞存活率均显著升高。结论 异芹菜脑对体外培养乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧/复氧损伤具有一 定的保护作用,隔山香药材中异芹菜脑的 HPLC 测定方法准确、简便、重现性好,有助于完善隔山香药材的质 量控制。 关键词:异芹菜脑;含量测定;高效液相色谱法;心肌细胞;缺氧/复氧损伤 中图分类号:R284.1;285.5 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1003-9783(2014)04-0472-05 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-9783.2014.04.020

目的 建立同时测定加味穿心莲散(穿心莲、木香、厚朴、苍术和干姜)中穿心莲内酯、脱水穿心莲内酯、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、和厚朴酚及厚朴酚的高效液相色谱方法.方法 加味穿心莲散甲醇提取液采用Diamonsil C18(5μm,250mm ×4.6mm)色谱柱分离;甲醇-水梯度洗脱,体积流量为1.0 mL/min;穿心莲内酯、木香烃内酯、去氢木香内酯、和厚朴酚及厚朴酚检测波长均为225 nm,脱水穿心莲内酯检测波长为254 nm,进样量为10 μL.结果 上述6种成分在50 min内即达到基线分离,且分别在0.0468 ～0.9360 μg (r=0.99999)、0.051 0 ～ 1.020μg(r=0.999 99)、0.101 3～2.026 μg(r=0.999 95)、0.154 1～3.081μg (r =0.999 96)、0.050 9～1.018 μg(r=0.999 98)、0.116 3～2.325μg(r=0.999 61)范围内呈良好线性关系,各成分的平均加样回收率在99.3％ ～ 104.0％之间,RSD小于3％.结论 本方法简单,精确,可重复,并对加味穿心莲散改制成颗粒剂提供质量评价.