以辛硫磷、硫铵、磷酸二氢钾、氯化钾等为原料,采用挤条造粒技术制备0.3％辛硫磷药肥颗粒剂.对不同惰性的载体和肥料进行筛选,测试了所配制的药肥颗粒剂的各项指标以及热贮性能,结果都符合行业标准.确定了最终配方:辛硫磷0.3％,高岭土0.2％,硫铵71.5％,磷酸二氢钾12％,氯化钾10％,田箐粉4％,十二烷基苯磺酸钠2％.配方可为工业化生产提供依据.

建立了48%苯·苄·硝草酮可湿性粉剂的高效液相色谱分析方法.使用ODS-C18柱和可变波长紫外检测器,以乙腈-水(体积比50:50,pH=3)的混合溶剂为流动相,在流速1.0mL·min-1和230nm波长下,用外标法对48%苯·苄·硝草酮可湿性粉剂中3种有效成分同柱定量分析.结果表明,苯噻酰草胺、苄嘧磺隆和硝磺草酮的测定线性关系系数分别为0.9988、0.9981和0.9991,标准偏差分别为0.192、0.060和0.036,变异系数分别为0.458%、2.013%和1.204%,平均回收率分别为98.72%、99.95%和99.52%.该方法简便、精确度高、重复性好.

[Aims] Determination of mixture formulation of glufosinate and glyphosate by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector and uv-vis spectrophotometer was studied.[Methods] Determination ofglufosinate was conducted with o-phthalaldehyde as the derivating agent,the mixture of methanol and 0.05 mol/L of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (35:65,by vol) as mobile phase,C18 chromatographic column as stationary phase at excitation wavelength of 295 nm and emission wavelength of 450 nm by HPLC with fluorescence detector after derivative.Determination of glyphosate was conducted by uv-visible spectrophotometer at 242 nm after the nitrosation reaction.[Results] When the concentration of glufosinate was 30-70 mg/L,the linear correlation coefficient was 0.9957,and the limit of detection was 0.53 mg/L.When the concentration of glyphosate was 5-25 mg/L,the linear correlation coefficient was 0.9986,and the limit of detection was 0.02 mg/L.[Conclusions] The method has the advantages of simple,high sensitivity and reproducibility,which is suitable for the analysis of mixture formulation of glufosinate and glyphosate.

Bstract: The glyphosate mother liquid contained the large amounts of formaldehyde and CODCr,so it was difficult to disintegrate and drain off. The nanofiltration process was applied to recycled most of glyphosate from the glyphosate mother liquid. Then the nanofiltration concentrated solution reacted with calcium oxide. By this (nanofiltration recycling glyphosate + calcium oxide) treatment process, the wastewater treatment effect and the recovery rate of glyphosate got ideal result.

After concentration, the glyphosate wastewater reacted with quicklime for 60min. Hydrochloric acid was added into filter cake to make pH=2.0. The filtrate was crystallized by refrigerated overnight. After filtered, washing and drying, glyphosate powder was got. The glyphosate recovery was more than 85%.

以28日龄杜长大三元杂交断奶仔猪为对像，以仔猪基础日粮中不添加外源铁为对照（CK），以在基础日粮中添加75、100、125、150 mg／kg蔗糖铁为处理，研究蔗糖铁对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响。结果表明，与处理1（ CK）相比，日粮中以蔗糖铁形式添加铁元素125 mg／kg时，仔猪平均日增质量、平均日采食量分别提高18．18％和8．20％（P＜0．05），料重比、腹泻率和死亡率分别下降8．65％、29．89％和43．18％（P＜0．05）；经济效益分析发现，与处理1（CK）相比，日粮中以蔗糖铁形式添加125 mg／kg铁元素时，毛利润提高23．17％（P＜0．05）。因此，在断奶仔猪日粮中添加蔗糖铁能够促进断奶仔猪的生长，降低料重比，降低腹泻以及死亡率，提高经济效益，且以添加125 mg／kg铁元素效果最佳。

试验研究蔗糖铁对断奶仔猪生长性能和血液指标的影响.选择180头28日龄杜长大三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分成6个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复10头猪;在仔猪基础日粮中不添加外源铁构成处理1即对照组(CK),在基础日粮中以蔗糖铁形式分别添加铁元素75、100、125、150 mg/kg构成处理2、3、4、5,在基础日粮中以硫酸亚铁形式添加铁元素150 mg/kg构成处理6,试验正式期42 d.结果表明,与处理1(CK)相比,日粮中以蔗糖铁形式添加铁元素125 mg/kg时,仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量分别提高18.18％和8.20％ (P＜0.05),料重比、腹泻率和死亡率分别下降8.65％、29.89％和43.18％ (P＜0.05);血红蛋白含量提高22.75％(P＜0.05);与处理6(150 mg/kg硫酸亚铁)相比,日粮中以蔗糖铁形式添加铁元素125 mg/kg时,仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量分别提高14.71％和6.45％(P＜0.05),料重比、腹泻率和死亡率分别下降7.65％、29.1％和42.16％(P＜0.05);血红蛋白含量提高16.56％(P＜0.05).蔗糖铁对断奶仔猪有良好的促生长作用,也在一定程度上提高了仔猪血液中血红蛋白和IgG浓度.

Iron supplement in animal husbandry is widely used. The application research progress of iron supplement in animal husbandry at home and abroad was reviewed.

Potassium diformate was synthesized from formic acid and potassium hydroxide.The optimum reaction conditions were determined. The results showed when the mole ratio (formic acid∶potassium hydroxide) was 2.5∶1,reaction time was 2h and reac-tiontemperature was 60℃,the yield was more than 90%.

The dextran enzyme was a special enzyme for degradation of dextran.It could degrade dextran-20(average Mw 16000~24000Da) to super micro-molecular dextran(average Mw 3000~6000Da).The results showed that when the substrate concentration was 30%(w/w),the reaction time was 10min and enzyme dosage was 69U/g,Dextran-20 was degraded to super micro-molecular dextran.The product had excellent performance,stable quality and narrow molecule weight distribution.

Organic iron was green feed or food additives containing iron,it had good chemical stability and biological absorption and utilization rate.In this paper,synthesis research progress in organic iron at home and abroad was reviewed.

铬是人和动物的必需微量元素.而对效力高,吸收率好的铬源营养添加剂--吡啶甲酸铬的研究应用已经有近20年的时间.本文对吡啶甲酸铬近些年来的有关基础研究、合成工艺及应用研究作概括性的简介.

Two main producing techniques of glyphosate were reviewed,and the improvement of glyphosate was introduced.

The quantitative analysis of glyphosate and N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid was conducted using HPLC with potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution as mobile phase, Hypersil SAX column, flow rate: 0.8 mL/min, using UV detector at 195 nm wavelength to quantitative analysis glyphosate and N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid at the same column. The results showed that linear correlation for glyphosate and N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid were 0.999 9 and 0.998 4, the standard deviation were 0.089 9 and 0.770 1, the variation coefficient were 0.162 0% and 0.966 0%, respectively.

The research progress of glyphosate production by the oxidation of N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid with oxygen or oxygen-containing gas as oxidizing agent in the presence of catalysts was reviewed.

glyphosate synthesis from N-phosphonomethyliminodiacetic acid(PmiDA) by oxidazing of oxygen along with the catallysis of activated carbon under the low pressure is studied.The results of the experiment show that when presure is 0.2 mPa,temperature is 80 °c,time is 100 min and the concetration of PmiDA is 15%,the yield of glyphosate can be up to 96%.

Electrolytic synthesis of calcium iodate was studied,and this method could avoid the disadvantage of chemical method.Potassium iodate was synthesized by electrochemical method first,then the product reacted with calcium chloride to get the calcium iodate.

The electro-reduction process to produce mannitol and sorbitol from hydrolysis product of sucrose was studied.Raney Ni was used as catalyst,and Na_2SO_4 as a supporting electrolyte.The optimum conditions were determined.When the concentration of sucrose was 1.0 mol/L,the pH=9～10,the current density was 32 mA/cm~2,the reaction temperature was 40℃,and the amount of electic current was 1.2 F/mol,the conversion of sucrose was more than 95%.

Potassium iodate was synthesized by electrochemical method and the extend experimentation was studied. The total yield of potassium iodate was 97.5%,the purity was 100.2%(mass fraction),and the current efficiency was 97% under the optimum process conditions. Simple technology and no pollution were the advantages of this process.

The physical and chemical property,applications and synthesis processes of mannitol were reviewed.