0 引言 急性共同性内斜视(acute concomitant esotmpia,ACE)是一种特殊类型的斜视,在临床中并不少见,但由先天性小脑扁桃体下疝综合征(Chiari畸形)所致,国内尚未报道,现遇见一例,报告如下.

Objective:To introduce a new standardized logMAR visual acuity chart and its clinical application.Methods: The new visual acuity chart and notations were designed based on Weber-Fechner theorem.The E optotype on the chart had 3 limbs of equal length.A regular geometric progression of optotype sizes and distribution was employed to arrange 14 lines with 4 optotypes on each line.The progression rate of optotype size between 2 lines was 10 and the testing distance was 3 m.The visual acuity score could be recorded as logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(logMAR) notation or decimal notation.The reliability of naked distant measurements with this new chart was tested in one eye of 100 subjects taking the Chinese national standard logarithm visual acuity chart(CSVAC) standard.Results: This new chart overcame the shortcomings of different number of optotypes on each line and fewer optotypes at the top of CSVAC.Several visual acuity notations were adopted and conversion between different notations was very convenient in this new chart.The measurements of this new chart had significant correlation and good agreement with CSVAC.Conclusion: The new standardized logMAR visual acuity chart is reliable,easy to use and accurate.It can be applied in clinical teaching and research of ophthalmology and optometry.

眼球震颤阻滞综合征的特点为内斜视前先有眼球震颤,双侧外展神经假性麻痹以及当注视眼由内转位向外转位运动时,出现显性眼球震颤.本文报告3例眼球震颤阻滞综合征,对其发病率、临床表现、鉴别诊断和手术方法作了简要讨论.

To summarize the clinical features of 31 cases with bilateral Duane's retraction syndrome (DRS) and discuss its differential diagnosis.We retrospectively summarized 31 cases with bilateral DRS from 1979 to 1996. Its clinical features including chief complaints, age and sex distribution, types of presentation, defects in abduction and adduction, retraction of the globe, upshots and downshots in abduction, etc. were analyzed.There were 14 males and 17 females with a female-to-male ratio 1 : 0.8. The chief complaints comprised 14 cases (45%) with ocular motility disorders and 10 cases (32%) with ocular deviations. The most common form of the syndrome was type 1 (29 cases, 94%), the remaining 2 cases (6%) with type III. Its clinical features consisted of retraction of the globe with narrowing of the palpebral fissure in attempted adduction, limitation in abduction with variable extent also in adduction, and upshot and/or downshot of the affected eye during adduction.In atypical cases, the retraction of the globe in adduction was not obvious and the diagnosis of DRS must be differentiated from the following ocular motility disorders, namely, abducens nerve palsy, Möebius syndrome, congenital oculomotor apraxia and congenital or infantile esotropia.

> 在眼肌门诊中,经常会碰到复视的问题,而复视往往以双眼复视为多见,主要是眼外肌平衡失调,眼位发生偏斜后产生的一种视觉紊乱,当闭上任何一眼,复视就会消失。至于单眼复视,并不多见,究其原因,不外乎有角膜不规则散光;虹膜断离或双瞳;晶体脱位或半