通过仪器分析结合田间试验方法,研究了不同飞防助剂对3种剂型除草剂沉积率、雾滴粒径、物理指标及田间药效,系统地分析飞防助剂对植保无人飞机喷施除草剂的增效作用及增效机理.结果表明,4种飞防助剂均有显著的增效作用.其中迪翔对3种除草剂的作用效果最为显著,可降低雾滴谱相对宽度至0.62,使雾滴均匀分布;增加沉积率,可最多增加32.2百分点;同时可显著降低3种除草剂的药液表面张力,增加药液黏度及扩展直径,延长其干燥时间.迈飞对乳油作用效果较好,在增加药液扩展直径方面优于其他3种飞防助剂.总体比较4种飞防助剂对除草剂的增效作用,大小依次为迪翔＞迈飞＞烈鹰＞Greenwet 3710;3种剂型除草剂中,飞防助剂对乳油增效作用最显著,增效可达23百分点.

通过生物测定、仪器分析及田间试验的方法系统研究不同类型助剂对莠去津的增效作用以及对玉米和蚯蚓的安全性.结果 表明,不同助剂对莠去津增效顺序为复合型助剂＞有机硅助剂＞非离子表面活性剂＞肥类助剂＞油类助剂＞糖类助剂,复合型助剂对35％莠去津悬浮剂增效效果最佳.通过对药液物理性状研究表明,助剂能够降低药液表面张力和干燥时间,增加扩展直径和药液最大持留量.各类助剂对玉米和蚯蚓没有危害,与莠去津混用时可提高对作物的安全性,复合助剂和有机硅助剂与莠去津混合使用能够显著降低药液在土壤中的淋溶,提高土层深度25～35 cm范围内蚯蚓的存活率.

GmABCG40 gene sequence was obtained by searching the homologous gene of AtABCG40 in the soybean genome database.Bioinformatics analysis of amino acid sequence encoded by GmABCG40 and promoter sequence showed that the fulllength CDS sequence of GmABCG40 was 4 284 bp,encoding a 1 427 amino acids protein.GmABCC40 was a hydrophobic protein,possessed multiple N-glycosylation sites,kinase phosphorylation sites,N-myristoylation sites,two ATP/AGP binding site motif A and one tachykinin family signal.Structure domains analysis indicated that GmABCG40 contained two nucleotide binding domains and two trans membrane domains,which constituted NBD1-TMD1-NBD2-TMD2 structure and belonging to the ABCG subfamily.Cis-elements associated with hormones,stresses,light responses,endosperm expression and transcription factors binding were existed in the predicted promoter region.Phylogenetic analysis results suggested that GmABCG40 had the highest genetic relationship with leguminous plants such as Phuseolus vulgaris,Vigna angularis,Cajanus cajan and Lotus japonicus.Results of tissue specific expression analysis revealed that expression level of GmABCG40 was lowest in leaves,however,highest in roots,it was speculated to participate in the ABA transport process in roots.

In this research,we obtained the GmDA O1 gene sequence by searching the homologous gene of A rabidopsis thaliana A tDA O1 in the soybean genome database.We found that the CDS sequence of GmDA O1 gene was 951 bp and encoded 316 amino acids through the bioinformatics analysis towards amino acid sequences and promoter sequences encoded by GmDAO1 gene.GmDAO1 was a hydrophilic protein,which had an N-glycosylation site,three kinase phosphorylation sites and a N-myristoylation site.Structure domains analysis showed that GmDAO1 contained dioxygenase and 2OG-Fe(Ⅱ) oxygenase domains,and it belonged to 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (2-ODD) superfamily.Promoter region predicted by GmDA O1 contained cis-acting elements associated with hormones,stresses,light responses,circadian rhythms and transcription factors binding.The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that DAO1 was conservative in the evolutionary process of leguminous plants.The results of tissue-specific expression analysis showed that the expression level of GmDA O1 was the lowest in leaves,but the highest in roots.Therefore,we speculated that it might participate in the metabolic pathways of auxin.

通过PCR的方法从大豆抗菌核病品种Maple Arrow中克隆得到GmGLP10基因,生物信息学分析结果显示GmGLP10蛋白由213个氨基酸组成,具有一个糖基化位点和多个磷酸化位点,为胞外分泌蛋白.通过对GmGLP10基因起始密码子上游1 500 bp序列进行顺式作用元件分析,预测GmGLP10启动子上具有多个与激素和防御胁迫应答相关的顺式作用元件.进化树分析结果表明,GmGLP10与多个生长素结合蛋白进化距离较近,推断其可能具有相似的功能.GmGLP10基因在菌核病菌胁迫下的转录本丰度的变化结果表明在菌核胁迫处理后GmGLP10基因表达量上调明显.GmGLP10可能作为生长素结合蛋白参与调控大豆的生长发育与抗病防御应答反应.

MiRNAs play crucial roles in many aspects of plant development and the response to the environment. The miR172 family has been shown to participate in the control of flowering time and the response to abiotic stress. This family regulates the expression of APETALA2 (AP2)-like transcription factors in Arabidopsis. In the present study, soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) miR172c, a member of the miR172 family, and its target gene were investigated for abiotic stress responses in transgenic Arabidopsis. gma-miR172c was induced by abscisic acid (ABA) treatments and abiotic stresses, including salt and water deficit. 5'-RACE (5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends) assays indicated that miR172c directed Glyma01g39520 mRNA cleavage in soybeans. Overexpression of gma-miR172c in Arabidopsis resulted in reduced leaf water loss and increased survival rate under stress conditions. Meanwhile, the root length, germination rate, and cotyledon greening of transgenic plants were improved during both high salt and water deficit conditions. In addition, transgenic plants exhibited hypersensitivity to ABA during both the seed germination and post-germination seedling growth stages. Stress-related physiological indicators and the expression of stress/ABA-responsive genes were affected by abiotic treatments. The overexpression of gma-miR172c in Arabidopsis promoted earlier flowering compared with the wild type through modulation of the expression of flowering genes, such as FT and LFY during long days, especially under drought conditions. Glyma01g39520 weakened ABA sensitivity and reduced the tolerance to drought stress in the snz mutant of Arabidopsis by reducing the expression of ABI3 and ABI5. Overall, the present results demonstrate that gma-miR172c confers water deficit and salt tolerance but increased ABA sensitivity by regulating Glyma01g39520, which also accelerates flowering under abiotic stresses.

Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are ubiquitous plant glycoproteins (belonging to the cupin super family) that play diverse roles, including abiotic stress resistance in many plant species. To identify the molecular functions underlying abiotic stress responses, the expression of germin-like protein encoding genes of soybean GmGLPs was analyzed. qRT-PCR analyses of 21 GmGLPs transcripts abundances were conducted in soybean leave tissues. The results showed that GmGLPs transcripts were highly abundant upon treatments with high salinity, PEG6000, abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl viologen (MV). The peaks of transcript copiousness induced by PEG6000 and NaCl were mostly observed after 18 h, while some genes expressed earlier than 4 h after abiotic stress treatment. A specific GmGLP7 gene, that was highly abundant under salinity, drought, ABA and MV conditions, was further characterized. The ectopic overexpression of GmGLP7 (Glyma. 08G226800.1) in transgenic Arabidopsis enhanced drought, salt, and oxidative tolerance and resulted in hypersensitive phenotypes toward ABA-mediated seed germination and primary root elongation, compared to the wild-type. Taken together, these results suggest that GmGLP7 positively confers abiotic tolerance in plants.

本研究将大豆中调控光周期途径的关键基因GmGI转入Havana 425烟草中,以非转基因Havana425烟草为对照,对获得的转GmGI基因T3代烟草的4个株系的花期、产量以及其它农艺性状统计分析.结果表明,与非转基因烟草对照相比,除GI6株系外,其余3个株系株高与单株粒重提升明显,花期平均提前了31.5 d.上述结果表明:GmGI基因使植物的花期提前的同时提高了植物的产量,因而该基因对于改良植物的光敏感特性,打破品种种植的地域限制、选育高产的优良品种是一个重要的基因资源.

本研究利用同源克隆的方法从东农50中克隆得到一个钾离子通道相关基因,命名为GmAKT1.生物信息学分析GmA KT1含有一个长2 628 bp的开放阅读框,编码875个氨基酸,推测为亲水跨膜蛋白.组织特异性表达分析发现GmAKT1在大豆根部表达量最高.根据TA连接特征将克隆片段分别正向、反向插入PCXSN-1250载体,得到植物过表达载体PCXSN-GmAKT1(+)及反义表达载体PCXSN-GmAKT1(-),为进一步研究大豆GmAKT1的转化、分析功能,及改良大豆品种提供科学依据.

To reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the expression of soybean PLP1( GmPLP1) gene that contains PAS /LOV domain,its 5' regulatory region was analyzed. The1. 5 kb fragment upstream of the GmPLP1 gene was isolated from soybean cultivar‘Dongnong L13'by genome walking. There were 107 cis-acting elements in the promoter predicted by online software Plant CARE and PLACE. the promoter fragment deletions were inserted into the 5' region of the gus. A reporter gene in vector pBI121( replacing the 35S promoter). In order to determine the promoter characteristic of GmPLP1. The constructs were transferred into Nicotiana tabacum and Glycine max. The GUS activity was up-regulated under dark,blue light,gibberellin A3and abscisic acid driven by GmPLP1 promoter.