<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的了解湖北省武汉市青少年抑郁和早期应激现状,探讨早期应激与抑郁的关系。方法整群抽样选取武汉市6所中小学校共2 888名学生,利用自编一般情况问卷、儿童抑郁症状量表（CDI）和儿童期虐待自评量表（PRCA）进行调查。结果武汉市青少年抑郁检出率为14.3%,性别和年级间抑郁检出率差异无统计学意义,父亲和母亲文化程度较低以及有抑郁家族史青少年抑郁的检出率较高;早期应激总检出率为51.9%,男生（56.6%）高于女生（46.1%）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=31.416,P&lt;0.01）;除忽视外,男生在躯体虐待（64.4%）、情感虐待（57.6%）、性虐待（72.3%）的检出率均高于女生的35.7%、42.4%、27.7%（χ²=42.493、6.430、10.537,均P&lt;0.01）;抑郁组早期应激检出率为83.0%,高于非抑郁组的63.4%（χ²=54.46,P&lt;0.01,OR=2.277,95%CI=1.822².845）;非条件多因素logistic逐步回归控制人口学特征因素后分析显示,影响抑郁的因素以及与抑郁关联强度由大到小依次为父亲文化程度为小学（OR=2.429,95%CI=1.384⁴.265）、忽视（OR=1.911,95%CI=1.468².488）、情感虐待（OR=1.742,95%CI=1.325².291）、躯体虐待（OR=1.443,95%CI=1.117¹.839）。结论早期应激与青少年抑郁密切相关,躯体虐待、情感虐待和忽视是青少年抑郁的危险因素。</span>

Objective To explore the role and clinical value of FOXP3 in lung adenocarcinoma,by detecting the expression of FOXP3 protein in the tumor cells of primary lung adenocarcinoma. Method A total of 42 cases specimens from the operated patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma were selected in this study with 15 cases of normal lung tissue as control. FOXP3 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry technique ( SP method ) and the relationship between FOXP3 expression and clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results The positive expression rate of FOXP3 was 64. 3% in lung adenocarcinoma,which was significantly higher than that of the control group with 20. 0% (P=0. 011). FOXP3 expression in lung adenocarcinoma was closely associated with lymph node metastasis. The positive rate of FOXP3 in the lymph node metastasis group (83.3%)was significantly higher than that of the non-lymph node metastasis group (50. 0%)(P=0. 026). While no correlation was found between the expression of FOXP3 and the patients' gender,age,tumor size and differentiation ( P >0. 05 ). Conclusion FOXP3 may play an important role in the tumorigenesis and development of lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, FOXP3 could be used as one of the markers to evaluate the&nbsp;malignant biological behavior of lung adenocarcinoma.

目的:了解留守特征及相关因素对农村留守儿童心理健康的影响.方法:整群抽取湖北省麻城市两个乡镇的小学(6年级)、初中、高中各1所的学生进行调查,以1031名留守儿童为研究对象,进行包括自编一般情况问卷(含留守情况)以及《中国中小学生心理健康量表》问卷调查,采用t检验、多元线性回归进行数据分析.结果:留守儿童心理问题检出率为54.12％,留守高中生心理健康量表总得分高于留守小学生和初中生,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);农村留守儿童心理健康水平在外出务工人员、务工时间、看护方式、对父母的想念及父母外出务工的态度上差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),多元线性逐步回归分析发现留守儿童对外出务工父/母的想念对其心理健康量表总得分的影响最大(标准化β=0.12,P＜0.01).结论:留守特征及相关因素对留守儿童心理健康有重要影响.

OBJECTIVE:To understand the status of mental health among left-behind children in rural area and to explore its relationship with social capital.METHODS:A sample of 1 031 left behind children, aged 10-18 years, was randomly selected from six schools of two townships in Macheng city of Hubei province where large number of rural parents were working in the urban area. Data from a cross-sectional survey was collected among the sampled students from primary, middle and high schools, using self-designed questionnaires which targeting the 'left-behind' condition and social capital Mental Health Inventory of Middle-School Students (MMHI-60). Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in mental health among different groups. Spearman correlation and logistical regression analysis were applied to assess the relationship between social capital and mental health.RESULTS:The prevalence of mental problems was 54.12%. Results from linear χ² test indicated that the detection rates of mental problems were parallel with the monthly pocket money and the reduction in the frequency of contacting migrant father/mother (P < 0.01). Results from the multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that students who were senior(OR = 2.410-2.682, P < 0.001), and who reported not caring about their parents (OR = 2.048-2.420, P < 0.001)were at increased risks for mental health problems. After controlling the demographic characteristics and conditions of staying relevant factors, family social capital(OR = 0.845, 95%CI:0.801-0.891), neighborhood social capital (OR = 0.867, 95%CI:0.826-0.910)and school social capital(OR = 0.893, 95%CI:0.863-0.923) were all associated with declined risks of mental health problems, in which the family social capital was the most important one.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of mental health problems was high among the left-behind children in rural area. Much attention should be paid to assist these children in improving their mental health status. One promising approach appeared to be improving social capitals which would include family social capital, neighborhood social capital, and school social capital to assist these children from avoiding mental health problems.

中学生正处于青春发育期,性生理迅猛发育,第二性征更加显著,由此带来了性意识的觉醒和发展.在社会上、媒体中各种性信息杂呈下,青春躁动期的中学生的性心理、性行为直接影响他们身心健康.为了解中学生的性行为特点,笔者对武汉市某区中学生进行了调查,为开展青少年性健康教育提供参考.

目的:研究武汉地区6～17岁儿童青少年身高、体重及体质指数的分布特征.方法:采用整群系统抽样的方法抽取武汉市区及周边农村中小学学生共4 153名,测量身高体重并计算体质指数,分析一般身体形态生长各项指标的年龄性别分布特点,通过两样本t检验分析各年龄组身体形态生长各项指标的性别和城乡差异.结果:武汉地区6～17岁儿童青少年生长发育符合一般规律,身体形态各项指标均值随年龄的增长而增长,城乡和性别之间差异性显著(P＜0.05).女生相对于男生,城市学生相对于农村学生,青春期有提前和缩短的趋势.结论:基于不同年龄组学生身高、体重和体质指数男女及城乡差异,教育工作者应把重点放在青春期和农村.

Analyzing and summarizing medical adverse events play a significant role in improving the quality of medical care.However,there are many obstacles in medical adverse event reporting.Through the investigation of medical adverse events reporting situation in 12 hospitals in Hubei,Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province,the reasons,which hinder the medical averse event reporting are analyzed,and then some suggestions are put forward.

目的:通过患者对门诊医疗服务内容认知、硬件条件和服务的满意度调查以及影响因素分析.方法:抽取武汉市6家社区卫生服务机构,随机抽取6家机构的530名患者进行问卷调查.结果:门诊服务项目中被选择的比例最高的是常见病、多发病的诊治,达96.2％；患者对社区卫生服务机构的药品价格满意度最高,达82.1％,满意度最低的是药品种类,仅24.9％；对总体满意度与社会人口学变量及不同项目满意度进行Logistic回归分析,发现总体满意度的影响因素为职业类型和医保形式,患者对医生服务、就诊环境、药品种类及医生技术满意是总体满意度的保护因素.结论:在社区卫生服务机构的管理中,要在做好常见病、多发病诊治的基础上,全方位开展社区卫生服务工作；继续推进基本药物制度,逐步增加药品种类；改善社区卫生服务机构硬件条件,进一步提高医护人员技术服务水平.

中学生正值青春期快速发展阶段,面对自身剧变与外界压力时,易产生多种心理行为问题.焦虑情绪是中学生最常见的心理问题之一,发生率较高,表现隐匿,持续存在将严重影响青少年的身心发育[1].为了解中学生焦虑情绪现况及其影响因素,为展开合理有效的青春期心理健康教育提供科学依据,本研究对湖北省2所中学的中学生进行了调查.

Through analyzing the beds utilization efficiency evaluation method and results at home and abroad,the influence factors of beds utilization efficiency is summarized,the influence factors of hospital beds utilization efficiency,including the national related policies,the hospital administration,the medical personnel behavior,the structure of patient disease and other uncontrolled factors,are found out.The limitations of domestic study of the beds utilization efficiency include three aspects,which are the simple evaluation methods,the insufficient analysis of influence factors and the lackness of pertinence and operability of policy recommendations.

The bed utilization is one of the most important parts of the resource utilization in general hospitals.And there are always two problems in bed utilization:insufficient or excessive use.The key point to solve the problems is to build a reasonable and effective bed utilization efficiency evaluation model.Based on the analysis of plenty of references,the general hospitals' bed utilization efficiency evaluation model is analyzed and summarized at home and abroad,and the preliminary conceptions are given in order to build a reasonable and effective bed utilization efficiency evaluation model for general hospitals.

Allocation and utilization of medical resources in hospitals is one of critical factors to improve usage efficiency of health resources.Through analysis of the allocation and utilization of hospital beds,the problems can be found and the corresponding countermeasures can be put forward.This is very important to allocate limited medical resources rationally and use them effectively.