纳豆红曲胶囊是以保健红曲和纳豆冻干粉为原料制成的保健食品,不仅含有红曲的活性物质,如红曲色素、Monacolin K、麦角甾醇、γ-氨基丁酸等,还含有纳豆的活性成分如纳豆激酶、纳豆菌、维生素K2、异黄酮等,因此纳豆红曲胶囊具有传统红曲和纳豆的双重保健功效,具有降血脂、溶栓、抗心脑血管疾病、抗菌、抗癌等功能.本文对红曲和纳豆的主要活性成分及其保健功效作了简单的介绍,并对其发展前景进行了展望.

伴随着社会的不断发展,教育界形成了一系列著名的理论,理论的提出是为了更好地指导课堂教学实践,为课堂教学提供理论指引.本文结合初中欧姆定律教学设计,通过研究不同教学理论指导下初中欧姆定律的教学设计,发现教育学理论对学科教学实践固然有指导作用,但是影响却是间接的,无法达到理论与实际教学的真正结合.而学科教学理论的加入,可以更好地为理论与实际教学搭建桥梁,不仅凸显了学科教学理论对学科教学实践的指导作用,也强化了教育学理论的指导性作用.

从物理学的根源是物理现象的基本观点出发,给出了原始物理问题的定义,结合物理教育的生态性特点,诠释了原始物理问题“自组织表征理论”的内涵,并以此为指导,对“轮船减摇”原始物理问题进行分析,阐述了原始物理问题教学的应用途径,从而为大学物理教学提供有益启示.

大蒜是河南省出口创汇的传统优势农产品,促进大蒜产业高质量发展,对农业增效、蒜农增收意义重大.笔者在详细调查了河南省大蒜种植区域、生产管理、精深加工、市场营销现状的基础上,分析了当前河南大蒜产业发展中存在种植和加工技术有短板、科技和研发投入仍不足、市场和信息服务还滞后、检测和标准体系不健全等问题,并由此提出了河南省大蒜产业区域化布局建基地、标准化生产树品牌、规模化种植强主体、产业化发展增效益的对策建议,以期为提升河南大蒜整体质量效益和市场竞争力提供指导.

为验证含小单孢菌有机肥料在青菜生产上的肥效,在华北平原平行异地两处进行实验.供试作物为青菜(品种上海青);供试有机肥料为小单孢菌有机肥料,其营养成分有机质≥45％、有效养分(N+P2O5+K2O)≥5％.常规施肥为667 m2底施复合肥50 kg,加尿素15 kg.试验采用配对设计的方法,设两个处理,4次重复,小区面积20 m2.试验组为常规施肥加667 m2底施小单孢菌有机肥料20 kg;对照组为常规施肥.结果表明,小单孢菌有机肥料能提高青菜的株高、单株叶片数和单株重.露地平均每667 m2增产73.7 kg,增产5.3％,产量差异达到显著水平;大棚平均每667 m2增产300 kg,增产10.1％,统计分析产量差异达到极显著水平.

Taking 'Bainong Aikang 58' as experimental material,the effects of 2 tillage methods and 3 fertilization measures on dry matter accumulation and grain filling of winter wheat were studied in Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences during 2009-2010.Two tillage methods were tillage depths 20 cm(A1) and 30 cm(A2),while three fertilization treatments included 750 kg/ha compound fertilizer(B1),750 kg/ha compound fertilizer plus 1 500 kg/ha chicken manure(B2),and 750 kg/ha compound fertilizer plus 3 000 kg/ha cake fertilizer(B3).The results showed that,under the deep plowing model,the plant height reduced,the dry matter accumulation of above-ground plant increased by 17.5% during latter growing stage,and the dry matter of grain increased by 5.1%,indicating that the grain filling capacity was improved.Under the B2 model,the grain number was 36.8,4.9% higher than B1 model,and the 1000-grain weight was 53.9 g,3.5% higher than B3 model,but the ear number was about 94% of B1 model,which restrained the grain yield.In the present study,the dry matter accumulation of above-ground plant,grain number per ear and grain weight at mature period were all higher under A2B2 model,which would be the appropriate model if the ear number could be improved.

Spike differentiation is important for reproductive organ formation during wheat growth and development,and is a crucial period influencing grain yield.Spike differentiation depends not only on genetic characteristics but also environmental factors such as temperature.In recent years,rising temperatures and extreme weather associated with global climate change have strongly affected agricultural production and systems. Wheat is an important food crop worldwide and is the main crop grown in Henan province.With the aim of assessing the effects of increasing temperature on wheat spike differentiation,a comparative study of wheat spike differentiation in the glasshouse and field was conducted during 2009/2010.The experimental material comprised 'Zhengmai 9023',which is a semi-spring wheat cultivar,and 'Zhoumai 18',which is a semi-winter wheat cultivar.In the field experiment,seeds were sown on 18 October;in the glasshouse experiment,seeds were sown on 1 November(T1),15 November(T2) and 29 November(T3).Spike development was observed with a stereomicroscope from seedling emergence until completion of anther differentiation,and the effects of temperature on spike differentiation were studied. The mean temperature and accumulated temperature above zero tended to be higher in the glasshouse than in the field during the whole growth period.Wheat plants underwent normal spike differentiation and attained maturity in the glasshouse,but the duration of the spike differentiation process was significantly shorter in the glasshouse than in the field(P 0.01).Therefore,the entire growth period was also shorter in the glasshouse than in the field.The spike differentiation process was accelerated with increasing temperature and accumulated temperature above zero.Compared with the field environment,the spike differentiation stages of significantly shorter duration in the glasshouse were early developmental stages from seedling emergence to the spike elongation,single ridge and double ridge stages.In the glasshouse,with the sowing time delayed(T2 and T3),the duration of spike differentiation was shortened,the onset of each spike differentiation stage was delayed,and the accumulated temperature during the entire spike differentiation period was lower.The duration of spike differentiation under the T1 treatment was significantly longer than that under the T2 treatment(P 0.01). Differences in spike differentiation between the two cultivars were apparent.In this study,the duration of spike differentiation was shorter,and the onset of each developmental stage was earlier,in Zhengmai 9023 compared with those of Zhoumai 18.The effects of temperature on spike differentiation differed between the cultivars.The accumulated temperature during spike differentiation for Zhengmai 9023 was lower than that of Zhoumai 18 sown at the same time.For Zhengmai 9023,high temperature mostly influenced the intermediate developmental stages,namely the double ridge,glume differentiation,and floret differentiation stages.For Zhoumai 18,early and late developmental stages were mainly affected by high temperature,namely the single ridge,double ridge and anther differentiation stages.The influence of accumulated temperature was strongest on the glume differentiation stage in Zhengmai 9023,and on the anther differentiation and double ridge stages in Zhoumai 18.

With AK 58 as experimental materials,influences of sowing time and density on the growth and development of population and individuals of high-yield wheat were studied in mid Henan province during 2009-2010.In the experiment,split plot design was used with sowing time in the main plots and sowing density in the sub-plots.Three sowing dates of earlier time,middle time and later time were separately arranged on 12th October,19th October,and 26th October.Under each sowing time,three sowing densities were randomly settled,corresponding to basic seedling number of 225×104,300×104 and 375×104 seedlings per ha,respectively.The results indicated that sowing time had more influence on dry matter accumulation of single wheat stem than sowing density.In mature period,dry matter accumulation of single stem reached maximum(4.039 g) under the treatment of later sowing time combined with small sowing density.Sowing time had more significant influence on population quantity of wheat than sowing density.The effective population was the largest(700.83×104 seedlings per ha) under earlier sowing time,and the least under later sowing time.But the rate of fertile tillers was the highest(41.8%) under later sowing time.The results also showed that sowing time had more significant influence on dry matter accumulation in grains and filling rate of grains than sowing density did.Appropriate later sowing time was beneficial to keep higher filling rate and increased grain weight.The influence of sowing time on ear number,grain number per ear and yield was significant,while the influence of sowing density on grain yield and yield characters was less.In conclusion,as far as AK 58 was concerned,the appropriate seedling mode was later sowing time and small sowing density in mid Henan.

In order to discuss the efficient nitrogen managements in central Henan province,we selected Bainong＇aikang 58 as field experimental material,and studied the effects of nitrogen application on physiology of flag leaves and grain yield of winter wheat with split block design during 2009-2010.The results showed that,effects of nitrogen application on chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,nitrate reductase activity and soluble protein content of flag leaves were significantly（P0.05）.These four indexes of flag leaves tended to be higher when total nitrogen fertilizer amount increased,and they were raised significantly by more topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at jointing stage under the same basal nitrogen fertilizer.At the same level of total nitrogen fertilization,there were compensation effects between more topdressing and less basal application.Nitrogen fertilizer managements affected grain yield simultaneously.Among all the treatments,grain number per spike and grain weight tended to be the highest under the treatment of N120＋150,while the ear number and grain yield showed the highest under N120＋210.From the above,the treatment of N120＋150was more rational nitrogen management in central Henan,which was total nitrogen fertilizer application was 270 kg per hectare and basal and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer at jointing stage was 120 and 150 kg per hectare,respectively.

With ‘ Bainong Aikang 58 ’ as experimental material, the effects of ploughing and fertilization measures on the growth and grain yield characteristics of winter wheat were studied in mid Henan Province during 2008-2009. The experimental field was ploughed deeply during 2007-2008. In this experiment, 2 ploughing measures were arranged, and the tilling depth was 20 cm (A 1 ) and 40 cm (A 2 ), respectively. Under each ploughing measure, 3 fertilization treatments were set by random block design, which were compound fertilizer 750 kg/hm 2 only (B 1 ), compound fertilizer 750 kg/hm 2 with chicken manure 1500 kg/hm 2 (B 2 ), and compound fertilizer 750 kg/hm 2 with bean cake fertilizer 3000 kg/hm 2 (B 3 ), respectively. The results showed that A 1 was more beneficial for wheat growth than A 2 on plant height and population, chlorophyll content in leaves and dry matter accumulation per stem. From the fertilization measures, chlorophyll content in leaves and dry matter accumulation per stem was higher under B 3 measure. Spike number and grain number per spike tended to be highest under A 1 B 3 , so the yield was also higher. Summing up the above, A 1 B 3 was the considered measure in mid Henan Province.

The varieties and action mechanism of plant growth retardants were briefly reviewed.The influences of plant growth retardants on the growing development and resistance of turf-grass were reviewed in detail.The research direction of applying plant growth retardants on turfgrass was proposed.And the application prospects of plant growth retardants in the lawn were predicted.

<正>狗牙根〔Cynodon dactylon(L.)pers〕俗名百慕大草〔Bermudagrass〕、爬地草、拌根草、铁线草。属禾本科〔Gramineae〕、狗牙根属,多年生草本植物。广布于南北温带地区,我国华北以南广大地区,以及吉林、青海、新疆等地也有分布。世界各地包括美国南部、非州、欧洲、亚洲南部各国均有种植。是优良的固土护坡和景观绿化植物。

In this studyt,urfgrass tall fescue were used to study the effect of the different concentrations of plant growth regulators on its growth.The results showed that,PP333,CCC and ABA to reduce plant heightl,eaf growth and development and heightl,eaf growth and development and preparing the ground biomas,hove a more prominent rolea,nd promoting tiller and root growth and developmenti,n particular the most significant effect of PP333.

草坪作为园林绿化的基本依托,起着净化空气,调节温度、湿度,保持水土,降低噪音等功能,也为人们活动和休息提供了理想的场所。但随着草坪面积的不断扩大,草坪病害的危害日渐严重。加之近年来我国草坪引种混乱,草坪病害的防治技术相对滞后,这给草坪病害的防治带来了很大的困难。因此,草坪病害的防治日渐紧迫。深入了解主要病害发生发展的规律,弄清其发生和诱发因素,采取综合防治的措施是当务之急。

<正>随着绿地草坪面积的不断扩大,草坪管理与养护的作用日渐突出,但是由于我国草坪管理养护技术还不够成熟,致使国内草坪一般3～5年便退化、荒废,甚至有的

<正>一、我国草地资源的现状和保护草地资源是我国陆地上面积最大的生态系统,对发展畜牧业、保持生物多样性、防止水土流失和维护生态平衡都有重大的作用和价值。研究表明,牧草在防风固沙、涵养水源、防止水土流失等方面的功效并不比森林逊色。据

The phenomenon of Vitrification phenomenon is a big obstruction in the propagantion of carnation by tissue culture, the effective way to decrease the vitrification phenomenon is to increase the concentration of sucrose and agar in the medium, to use strong luminosity of 10000—20000 LX, and to decrease the concentration of hormone. There is not evident effect of penicillin to control the vitrification shoots, but penicillin can stimulate the growth of carnation plantlet root in the medium, the mechanism of penicillin function to the root is not clear and it wll be studied further.

1莲藕褐斑病凡有莲藕的地方该病均有小同程度的发生,是莲叶常见的一种病.害叶上产生淡褐色病斑,引起病叶局部干枯

The leaf is of isobilateral. The stoma is of quadrilataral, and only distribute in the lower epidermis. There are 21 collateral closed bundles scattered in the ground tissue of the stem. The velamen consists of 3 layers of parenchymal cells. Radial vascular bundle is of septemarch. There is not pith in the root. The exodermis, the endodermis and the pericycle consists of a layer of cells and there are the parenchymal passage cells in that. There are a few of slime cells containing needle-crystals in the root, stem, and leaf. In the meantime the relation between the anatomical structure of D. flexicaule and the ecological environment has been discussed yet.