对研究住院的男性复员退伍精神分裂症患者的幸福感及其相关因素进行分析。<br>　　l 对象和方法<br>　　选取2014年4~5月在我院住院治疗的复员退伍男性精神分裂症患者180例，均符合国际疾病分类第10版诊断标准并具有小学及以上文化，目前病情稳定，能理解并独立完成量表测查；受试者或监护人对该项调查知情同意；排除伴有严重躯体疾患及智能障碍者。年龄22~65岁，平均（45.5±9.3）岁，病程0.2~46年，中位数24年。

本研究分析复员退伍精神分裂症患者的人格特点。<br>　　1对象和方法<br>　　选取2014年4~5月住我院的男性复员退伍精神分裂症患者180例，均符合《国际疾病分类》第10版诊断标准［1］；目前病情稳定，具有小学及以上文化；排除严重躯体疾患及智能障碍；年龄22~65岁，平均（45.51±9.31）岁；病程0.2~46年，中位数24年；住院时间0.13~343.2个月，中位数33.1个月；受教育情况：小学41例，初中85例，≥高中54例；婚姻状况：未婚119例，已婚17例，离婚/丧偶44例；家族史阳性46例。入组者或其监护人签署知情同意书。

目的 探讨复员退伍精神分裂症患者人格与幸福感的相关特征.方法 选取河北省荣军医院180例复员退伍精神分裂症患者进行自编一般情况调查表、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、总体幸福感量表(GWB)及自知力与治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)评定.结果 (1)EPQ的P维度、N维度与GWB呈负相关(r=-0.199,-0.381;P＜0.01),E维度与GWB呈正相关(r=0.267,P＜0.01);(2)GWB与PANSS总分及各因子、ITAQ均无相关性(P＞0.05);(3)EPQ的E维度与PANSS总分、阴性因子及一般病理因子呈负相关(r =-0.282,0.267,-0.234;P＜0.01),与其他因素无相关性(P＞0.05);EPQ的P、N维度与PANSS总分及各因子、ITAQ均无相关性(P＞0.05).影响幸福感因素的多元逐步回归分析,N、E维度进入方程:GWB=110.09-0.473×N+0.454×E.结论 复员退伍精神分裂症患者的人格与幸福感密切相关,并分别受到多种因素的影响,需广泛及深入地开展研究.

Objective To explore factors related to the social support of veterans with schizophrenia.Methods 180 veterans with schizophrenia in Hebei Rongjun hospital were selected and assessed with the general situation questionnaire,Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS),General Well-Being Scale(GWB),Eysenck Personality Questionaire(EPQ).Results ①The scores of SSRS and its each factor were no significant in marital status,course of schizophrenia and length of hospital stay(P>0.05).②Objective support in 30 years old or under was significantly higher than that in 41 to 50 and 51 to 60(P=0.018,0.008);Social support utilization in over 60 years old was significantly lower than that in other ages(P=0.025,0.008,0.007,0.008).③SSRS and subjective support at junior middle school and high school/secondary was significantly higher than primary school respectively(P=0.010,0.000;P=0.029,0.012).Social sup-port utilization at high school/secondary was significantly higher than that at others(P=0.000,0.025,0.047),so was at junior middle school than primary school(P=0.003).④SSRS and subjective support were significantly higher in patients with negative family history than that in patients with positive family history(t=2.364,2.124;P=0.019,0.035).⑤Positive correlation between SSRS and GWB was observed,so was between subjective support and GWB(P<0.05).⑥There was positive correlation between E latitude of EPQ and SSRS,so was between it and objective support,subjective support respectively( r=0.399,0.183,0.335;P<0.001,P=0.014,P<0.001).Negative correlation between L latitude of EPQ and subjective support was significant(r=-0.190,P<0.05)Conclusion There is relationship between the social support of the veterans with schizophrenia and many factors.The integrated rehabilitation measure should be offered to improve the social support of patients.

目的 探讨奥氮平与阿立哌唑对首发精神分裂症患者的治疗疗效及生活质量的影响.方法 81例首发精神分裂症患者随机分为奥氮平组(n=41)与阿立哌唑组(n=40),分别以奥氮平与阿立哌唑治疗8周.于治疗前、治疗8周末采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI)评定疗效与生活质量,采用副反应量表(TESS)评定不良反应.结果 两组PANSS评分治疗8周末均有显著下降(P＜0.05或＜0.01),两组间无统计学意义;GQOLI总分及各维度评分治疗前与治疗8周末比较均有显著差异(P＜0.01),两组间无统计学意义.结论 奥氮平与阿立哌唑治疗首发精神分裂症疗效相当,均可明显提高患者的生活质量.

目的 探讨复员退伍精神分裂症患者幸福感的相关因素.方法 选取河北省荣军医院180例复员退伍精神分裂症患者,采用一般情况调查表、总体幸福感量表(GWB)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、自知力与治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)、不良反应量表(TESS)进行评定,并进行相关性分析.结果 不同病程、家族史、婚姻状况、TESS评分的复员退伍精神分裂症患者幸福感差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);31～40岁患者的幸福感显著高于51～60岁者(P=0.022);初中组精力、愉快或忧郁心境因子分高于高中及以上组(P分别为0.012,0.003),小学组愉快或忧郁心境因子分亦高于高中及以上组(P=0.047),而小学组松弛与紧张因子分高于高中以上组(P=0.045);住院时间≥6年组GWB总分低于＜6年组(P=0.037);不伴躯体疾病者的愉快或忧郁心境分显著高于伴有者(P=0.001).PANSS量表阴性症状因子分与愉快或忧郁心境呈负相关(r=-0.148,P=0.048);ITAQ评分与精力及愉快或忧郁心境呈正相关(r分别为0.149,0.155;P分别为0.045,0.037).多因素Logistic回归分析显示长期住院是影响患者幸福感的主要因素(B=-0.031).结论 复员退伍精神分裂症患者幸福感的影响因素是多方面的,提高其幸福感需要给予综合康复措施.

目的 探讨分析复员退伍精神分裂症患者自尊感的相关因素.方法 选取河北省荣军医院180例复员退伍精神分裂症患者采用自编一般情况调查表、自尊感量表(SES)、总体幸福感量表(GWB)、社会支持量表(SSES)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、自知力与治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)评定并进行相关性分析.结果 患者自尊水平低于正常人群(u=-21.383,P＜0.01);不同一般资料情况(年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、病程、家族史、住院时间及是否合并躯体疾病)的患者SES评分差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);自尊与精神症状、自知力和不良反应无相关性(P＞0.05);与SSRS的对支持的利用度维度、EPQ的内外向E维度及GWB评分呈正相关(r分别为0.196,0.159,0.154,P＜0.05);多元回归分析显示对支持的利用度是影响自尊的突出因素.结论 丰富患者娱乐生活、给予更多的社会支持、增强幸福感,有助于提高复员退伍精神分裂症患者的自尊.

目的 评价拉莫三嗪治疗双相抑郁的疗效和安全性.方法 将62例双相抑郁发作患者随机分为拉莫三嗪组31例,碳酸锂组31例.分别口服拉莫三嗪50～250 mg/d,碳酸锂500～2 000 mg/d,疗程8周,分别于治疗前及治疗后2、4、8周末采用17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、临床总体印象-严重度量表(CGI-S)进行评定.结果 治疗8周末,两组均取得较好的显效率及有效率,且拉莫三嗪组优于碳酸锂组；两组CGI较治疗前显著减少(P＜0.05),而两组间无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组HAMD评分与治疗前比较于治疗4周末始,均明显降低(P＜0.05)；而且治疗8周末,拉莫三嗪组HAMD评分明显低于碳酸锂组(P＜0.05).拉莫三嗪组不良反应较碳酸锂组少而轻.结论 拉莫三嗪治疗双相抑郁有较好疗效,且安全性较好.

6%,自然环境型0.31%、0.27%,其他型0.07%、0.03%;血液-注射-损伤型的终生和时点患病率均为0.09%,情景型仅终生患病率为0.01%.女性时点患病率高于男性;农村时点患病率高于城市;30～39岁的患病率最高,18～19岁的患病率最低.特殊恐怖症的精神科就诊率为2.5%.结论 特殊恐怖症常见于年轻的女性,各类型患病率不同,且就诊率低.

Objective To describe the current prevalence and distribution of dementia in Baoding city.Methods From Oct.2004 to Mar.2005,stratified multistage cluster randomization was used to identify 10073 subjects 18 years and above of Baoding city.The subjects who had or had not memory disorder and intelligence disorder were identified subgroups at high risk of having dementia,then psychiatrists screened these subjects by Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE) and diagnosed further,excepting vascular dementia and mental retardation.Results A total of 9021 subjects completed the screening,388 of them had memory disorder or intelligence disorder,155 were diagnosed as dementia.The overall current rate of dementia was 17.18‰(95%CI:14.50‰～19.86‰).Conclusion Dementia have become a major question in the ageing medicine and household today,and could be a public health problem needing to be paid close attention to urgently.

Objective:To present the current prevalence and distribution features of alcohol abuse and dependence in Baoding.Methods: Stratified multi-stage cluster randomization was used to recruit 10073 subjects aged 18 years or over in Baoding from Oct.2004 to Mar.2005. An expanded version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to identify subjects at high, moderate and low risk for having alcohol abuse and dependence, then diagnoses were made according to the fourth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-Ⅳ) criteria after conducting a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ-TR Axis Ⅰ Disorders-Patient Edition (SCID-I/P). Global Assessment Function (GAF) was used to assess the rate of psychological, social and vocational functional impairment.Results:Nine thousand and twenty-one subjects completed the screening.The lifetime prevalence of alcohol abuse was 27.49‰ and the point prevalence was 10.37‰. The point prevalence was higher in male (20.01‰ vs 0.69‰) (P<0.01),in rural areas (11.44‰ vs 2.76‰) (P<0.01), and in 18-59 years population. The percentage of psychological, social and vocational functional impairment were respectively 91.67% (not or mild), 2.38% (moderate) and 5.95% (severe). The lifetime prevalence of alcohol dependence was 14.25‰, and the point prevalence was 10.47‰. The point prevalence was higher in male (20.69‰ vs 0.22‰) (P<0.01) and in 20-69 years old population. The percentage of psychological, social and vocational functional impairment were respectively 68.68% (not or mild), 27.71% (moderate) and 3.61% (severe). The comorbidity of alcohol abuse and dependence of mood disorders and anxiety disorders were common. Conclusion:The alcohol abuse and dependence were two common kinds of mental disorder, and the point prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence was higher in male and young and middle-aged population. The alcohol abuse and dependence have been became a serious social public health problem.