Conventional Alzheimer's disease research mainly focuses on cerebrospinal fluid, which requires an invasive sampling procedure. This method carries inherent risks for patients and could potentially lower patient compliance. EVs (Extracellular Vesicles) and blood are two emerging noninvasive mediators reflecting the pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease. Integrating the two serum proteomic information based on DIA (Data Independent Acquisition) is conducive to the comparison of serological research strategies, mining pathological information of AD, and evaluating the potential of EVs and blood in the diagnosis of AD. We generated a combined proteomic data resource of 39 serum samples derived from patients with AD and from age-matched controls (AMC) and identified 639 PGs (protein groups) in serum samples and 714 PGs in serum EV samples. The differentially expressed protein groups identified in both serum and serum EV provide a reflective profile of the pathological characteristics associated with AD. The combined strategy performed well, identifying 40 potential diagnostic markers with AUC values above 0.85, including two molecular diagnostic models that achieved an effectiveness score of 0.991.

This study aimed to assess Leizumab's effect on serum endothelial growth factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and inflammatory factors in neovascular glaucoma patients. 80 eligible patients treated between January 2021 and April 2023 were enrolled, randomly divided into control and study groups. The control group underwent vitrectomy while the study group received preoperative intravitreal rituximab injection. Measurements included serum and aqueous humor VEGF/PEDF, IL-6/MCP-1 levels, postoperative rebleeding/retinal detachment, and visual acuity changes over 6 weeks. After surgery, patients showed reduced serum VEGF/PEDF levels (P < 0.05), with decreased VEGF and increased PEDF in aqueous humor (P < 0.05). The study group had lower VEGF and higher PEDF levels than the control (P < 0.05). Serum IL-6/MCP-1 levels reduced post-surgery, with the study group lower than control (P < 0.05). Intraocular rebleeding was lower in the study group (P < 0.05), while retinal detachment rates were similar (P > 0.05). Visual acuity differed significantly from week 1 to 6 post-surgery (P < 0.05), with higher acuity in the study group during weeks 1-4 (P < 0.05). Weeks 5-6 follow-up showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Pre-vitrectomy ranibizumab injection effectively reduced bleeding, VEGF/PEDF levels, inflammatory factors, and improved visual recovery.

目的 观察不同程度帕金森病(PD)患者黄斑中心凹下视网膜内外层及脉络膜厚度的变化.方法 选择2021年1月至2022年1月首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科确诊的30例(30眼)原发性PD患者为研究对象,按照Hoehn-Yahr分级法分为轻中度PD组(15例)及重度PD组(15例),纳入同期健康志愿者30例(30眼)为正常对照组,采用海德堡频域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)的增强扫描模式(EDI-OCT)对所有受检眼黄斑中心凹下视网膜内外层及脉络膜厚度进行分层扫描,分析随着PD严重程度的增加,受检眼黄斑中心凹下视网膜内外层及脉络膜厚度的变化特点.结果 轻中度PD组、重度PD组及正常对照组受检眼黄斑中心凹下视网膜全层厚度分别为(237.17±18.32)μm、(217.55±17.89)μm、(278.66±18.56)μm,黄斑中心凹下视网膜内层厚度分别为(47.15±16.36)μm、(38.53±19.32)μm、(68.45±12.28)μm,黄斑中心凹下视网膜外层厚度分别为(200.15±17.36)μm、(185.02±17.32)μm、(210.26±12.36)μm;三组受检眼黄斑中心凹下视网膜全层厚度、内层厚度、外层厚度差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05).轻中度PD组、重度PD组患者黄斑中心凹下视网膜全层厚度、内层厚度、外层厚度均明显小于正常对照组,重度PD组患者黄斑中心凹下视网膜全层厚度、内层厚度、外层厚度均明显小于轻中度PD组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05).轻中度PD组、重度PD组及正常对照组受检眼黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度分别为(279.15±78.36)μm、(257.02±58.32)μm、(373.26±82.36)μm;三组受检眼黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).轻中度PD组患者受检眼黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度均明显小于正常对照组,重度PD组患者黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度均明显小于轻中度PD组、正常对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05).结论 PD患者黄斑中心凹下视网膜内外层厚度及脉络膜厚度随着PD严重程度的增加进行性变薄,对不同严重程度PD患者黄斑中心凹下视网膜及脉络膜厚度的探究,为探讨PD患者临床多样性提供依据.

目的 在眼科住院医师神经眼科临床教学中应用神经眼科病例库联合案例教学法(case-based learning,CBL)并评价其教学效果.方法 选取 2021 年和 2022 年进入眼科住院医师规范化培训的住院医师作为研究对象.其中,2022 年入科的住院医师采用神经眼科病例库联合CBL教学法(观察组),2021 年入科的住院医师采用传统的常规教学方法(对照组).培训结束后对住院医师进行神经眼科考核.对两组住院医师考核成绩采用独立样本t检验进行统计学分析.结果 考核成绩显示,观察组的总成绩、理论考试成绩和操作考试成绩均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 神经眼科病例库联合CBL教学法有利于提高眼科住院医师神经眼科专业的学习效果.

目的 探讨医学模拟教学与以问题为基础的教学方式(problem-based learning,PBL)等多种教学方法在白内障超声乳化手术(phacoemulsification,Phaco)培训中的应用效果.方法 选取自2015年3月 ～2019年11月在首都医科大学宣武医院参加白内障Phaco培训的眼科医生共12人,随机分为A、B两组.A组学员7人,规范完成包括Phaco观摩、眼科显微手术模拟器训练教学、动物实验操作、临床手术操作及PBL教学等所有培训内容,临床手术操作患者1081例(1081眼);B组学员5人,规范完成包括Phaco观摩、动物实验操作、临床手术操作及传统授课教学方法培训内容,手术操作患者793例(793眼);观察比较两组学员临床手术操作完成情况和手术并发症发生比例.结果 A、B两组学员平均每位完成手术操作例数分别为154.43±5.47和158.60±3.78,差异无统计学意义(P=0.26);A、B两组完成5mm中央连续环形撕囊比例分别为23.03％和9.46％,A组比例大于B组(P=0.00);A、B两组后囊破裂眼数比例分别为4.81％和7.18％,A组比例小于B组(P=0.03);A、B两组术眼中、重度角膜水肿例数比例分别为8.51％和7.44％,差异无统计学意义(P=0.40);A、B两组术眼严重并发症比例分别为0.56％和0.50％,差异无统计学意义(P=0.88).结论 在白内障Phaco手术培训中应用PBL与医学模拟教学等综合教学方法,可以有效减少初学者的手术并发症,提高Phaco培训的教学效果.

A quantitative analysis was performed to evaluate the morphologic changes of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Thirty PD patients were enrolled, and they were allocated to the mild-to-moderate PD group (n = 15) or severe PD group (n = 15) according to the severity of PD. Twenty healthy volunteers (20 eyes) were included as controls. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used to measure the thickness of mean RNFL and each of the sectors: temporal-upper (TU), superior-temporal (ST), superior-nasal (SN), nasal-upper (NU), nasal-lower (NL), inferior-nasal (IN), inferior-temporal (IT), temporal-lower (TL). The thickness of macular GCC, superior GCC, and inferior GCC was also measured. No difference was found between the three groups with respect to age, sex and disease course (p > 0.05). The mean RNFL thickness was 118.15 ± 10.25 µm in the control group, 96.12 ± 9.45 µm in the mild-to-moderate PD group, and 80.48 ± 10.35 µm in the severe PD group. Significant differences were found in the mean RNFL thickness and thickness of TU, IN, IT and TL sectors among the three groups (p < 0.05). These values, mean RNFL, TU, IN, IT, and TL, were lower in both the PD groups than those in the control, among them the severe PD group had the lowest values. A quantitative analysis of the macula GCC was also performed. Overall, there were significant differences in mean macula, superior, and inferior GCC thickness among the three groups (p < 0.05). The two PD groups had lower values of mean macula, superior, and inferior GCC thickness than that in the controls (p < 0.05); and the severe PD group had lowest values of these parameters. In this study, significant thinning of RNFL and macular GCC was found in PD patients. The more serious the illness, the more the thickness becomes thinner. The OCT measurement was found useful in detecting the structural alterations in the retina of PD. The technique may be useful in follow-up of the disease progression after further validation.

Objective: To investigate the down-regulation of miR-100 by inhibiting the expression of target gene ICF1R to activate the TrkB/ AKT/ERK signaling pathway to inhibit the apoptosis of glaucoma retinal neurons. Methods: Retinal neuron cells were cultured, 400 mu m hydrogen peroxide was applied to the retinal neuron cells for 24 h to construct an oxidative damage model, cells were transfected with miR-100 inhibitor and ICF1R inhibitor, and a corresponding negative control group was established. The real-time quantitative PCR method was used to detect the expression of miR-10 in retinal neurons of each group; MTT method was used to detect the effect of inhibiting apoptosis of miR-100 and ICF1R cells; Western blot analysis was used to measure the effect of inhibition of miR-100 on the TrkB/AKT/ERK signaling pathway. Results: The miR-100 mRNA expression in the miR-100 inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of retinal neurons in the miR-100 inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The phosphorylation levels of TrkB, AKT, and ERK1/2 in the miR-100 inhibitor group were significantly higher than those in the negative control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression of miR-100 in retinal neurons of ICF1R inhibitor group was significantly lower than that of negative control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate of retinal neurons in the ICF1R inhibitor group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Down-regulation of miR-100 expression can always inhibit the apoptosis of glaucoma retinal neurons. The mechanism may be that it inhibits the expression of ICF1R and activates the TrkB/AKT/ERK signaling pathway to protect cells.

青光眼是世界上第一大不可逆致盲眼病,多数患者在早期是没有症状的,极易被忽视从而错失早期诊断和治疗的机会;同时,青光眼具有一定的遗传性,青光眼造成的视功能损害是不可逆的,因此青光眼也被称为"沉默的光明杀手". 青光眼一旦确诊便是终身疾病,造成的视功能损害虽然不可逆转,但早期诊断,早期治疗有助于控制疾病,保证患者在有生之年保存有用的生存视功能,因此早期诊断,早期治疗一直是青光眼防治的重点,2022年青光眼周的主题在此基础上更强调了"随访"的重要性.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the rates of blindness with the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with primary angle-closure disease (PACD) to provide a comprehensive epidemiologic reference in China.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted in the Chinese Glaucoma Study Consortium database, which is a national multicenter glaucoma research alliance of 111 hospitals participating between December 21, 2015 and September 9, 2018. The diagnosis of PACD was made by qualified physicians through examination. Comparison of sex, age, family history, subtypes of PACD, and blindness were analyzed.RESULTS:A total of 5762 glaucoma patients were included, of which 4588 (79.6%) had PACD. Of PACD patients, 72.1% were female with the sex ratio (F/M) of 2.6, and the average age of patients was 63.8±9.3 years with the majority between 60 and 70 years. Additionally, 30% of these patients had low vision in one eye, 8.8% had low vision in both eyes, 1.7% had blindness in one eye, and 0.3% had blindness in both eyes. There were statistical differences with regards to age between male and female patients with PACD, with male patients being older on average. Primary angle-closure glaucoma was more commonly diagnosed in males (60%) compared to females (35.9%), whereas acute primary angle closure (APAC) was more commonly diagnosed in females (54.3%) compared to males (37.7%). The visual acuity in APAC patients was lower and the rate of low vision and blindness was higher than other subtypes.CONCLUSION:PACD was the major type of glaucoma in Chinese hospitals. There were more female patients with PACD, mostly between 60 and 70 years old, with higher rates of APAC in women. APAC resulted in the worst visual outcomes of all PACD subtypes.

Objective To observe the changes of optic disc structure and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) in patients with different degrees of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Thirty eyes of 30 patients with primary PD and 20 eyes of 20 healthy subjects (control group) in Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2016 to October 2017 were enrolled in this study.The patients were divided into mild to moderate PD group (15 eyes of 15 patients) and severe PD group (15 eyes of 15 patients).All the patients underwent OCT examination.The optic disc area,cup area,C/D area ratio,rim volume,disc volume,cup volume,rim area,C/D area,linear C/D,vertical C/D,the thickness of average RNFL,superior,inferior,temporal upper (TU),superior temporal (ST),superior nasal (SN),nasal upper (NU),nasal lower (NL),inferior nasal (IN),inferior temporal (IT),temporal lower (TL) quadrant RNFL thickness.Analysis of variance was performed for comparison among three groups.Minimum significant difference t test was performed for comparison between two groups.Results Optic disc structure parameters:there was no significant difference in the area of optic disc between the three groups (F=1.226,P＞0.05).The other optic disc parameters were significantly different in the three groups (F=5.221,5.586,6.302,5.926,5.319,5.404,5.861,6.603;P＜ 0.05).The cup area,cup volume,C/D area,linear C/D,vertical C/D of the mild to moderate PD group and severe PD group were higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The cup area,cup volume,C/D area,linear C/D,vertical C/D of the severe PD group were higher than those of mild to moderate PD group (P＜ 0.05),the rim area,rim volume and disc volume of the severe PD group were smaller than that of mild to moderate PD group (P＜ 0.05).The thickness of RNFL:there was no significant difference between the three groups of ST,SN,NU and NL (F=3.586,2.852,2.961,2.404;P＞0.05).The average thickness of RNFL,TU,IN,IT and TL in patients of the mild to moderate PD group and severe PD group were less than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The thickness of the average RNFL,TU,IN,IT and TL in patients of the severe PD group were less than that in the mild to moderate PD group (P＜0.05).With the increase of PD severity,the RNFL of TL and TU thinned most significantly.Conclusions With the increase of the severity of PD,the optic disc structure and RNFL thickness changes obviously,showing reduced optic disc area and volume,enlarged cup area and volume significantly enlarged C/D ratio.The average RNFL thickness of PD patients is significantly thinner than that of the controls,and it is the most obvious in the TU and TL quadrant.

Objective To observe the macular retinal thickness and volume in patients with different degrees of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Thirty eyes of 30 patients with primary PD and 20 eyes of 20 healthy subjects (control group) in Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from October 2016 to October 2017 were enrolled in this study.There were 17 males and 13 females,with the mean age of 63.2±6.4 years and disease course of 3.9± 2.4 years.The patients were divided into mild to moderate PD group (15 eyes of 15 patients) and severe PD group (15 eyes of 15 patients).The macular area was automatically divided into 3 concentric circles by software,which were foveal area with a diameter of 1 mm (inner ring),middle ring of 1 to 3 mm,and outer ring of 3 to 6 mm.The middle and outer ring were divided into 4 quadrants by 2 radiations,respectively.The changes of retinal thickness and macular volume of the macular center and its surrounding quadrants were analyzed.SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis.One-way ANOVA were used to analyze all data.Results Compared with the control group,the retinal thickness and volume in macular center and each quadrant of the mild to moderate PD group and severe PD group were reduced.Compared with the mild to moderate PD group,the retinal thickness and volume in macular center and each quadrant of the severe PD group were reduced.The differences of retinal thickness and macular volume among 3 groups were significant (F=5.794,5.221,5.586,5.302,5.926,5.319,5.404,5.261,5.603;P=0.001,0.007,0.003,0.005,0.000,0.004,0.004,0.006,0.002).In inner ring of the mild to moderate PD group and the severe PD group,the retinal thickness and macular volume in the upper and the nasal were the largest,the inferior was followed,and the temporal was the smallest.In outer ring of the mild to moderate PD group and the severe PD group,the retinal thickness and macular volume in the nasal was the largest,the upper was the second,the temporal and the inferior were the smallest.Conclusions The retinal thickness and volume of the macular central fovea and its surrounding areas in PD patients are significantly thinner than that in the healthy subjects.And with the increase of the severity of PD,the macular structure changes obviously,showing macular center and its surrounding macular degeneration thin,macular volume reduced.

Risk factors including short axial length, shallow anterior chamber, narrow angles, spherical lens and other characters such as gender, age and family history are well known to be related to the attack of primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG). In recent years, with the development of advanced techniques such as the anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT)and ultrasound biomicroscope(UBM), the technical supports for the measurement of anterior segment parameters were largely provided, which made it possible to quantify risk factors of PACG precisely. In this paper, the relevant research progresses of commonly used anatomic parameters and their significances in pathogenesis of PACG were reviewed.

The elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the important risk factors of glaucomatous optic nerve damage. The deformations of glaucomatous optic nerve head (ONH) due to the elevated IOP might lead to further damage to the optic nerve. The ONH deformations due to the elevated IOP depend on their geometry. Therefore, it is meaningful to investigate the relationship between geometrical parameters and the deformation of ONH. Firstly, the geometrical parameters of ONH were obtained by in vivo using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Then, individual-specific three-dimensional (3D) models of ONH for glaucoma and normal subjects were established and the deformations of ONH were acquired by using finite element method. Furthermore, the thickness changes of retina and lamina cribrosa were calculated under different IOPs. Finally, correlations between geometrical parameters and the relative deformations of the human ONH were researched by using Spearman correlation. It was found that the relative thickness change of patient’s retina was larger than that of normal subjects under the same condition. The correlation of several parameters, including cup area, and lamina cribrosa depth, with relative deformations of ONH had statistical significance.

·AIM:To evaluate and characterize the macular thickness and macular volume in patients of different stages of diabetic retinopathy with special - domain optical coherence tomography( SD-OCT) .·METHODS: Totally 40 patients ( 78 eyes ) with diabetic retinopathy were recruited in the study from January 2016 to January 2017 in our hospital. According to the international clinical classification of diabetic retinopathy, 20 cases (40 eyes) were categorized as non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR ) group and 20 cases proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (38 eyes). All subjects were examined and analyzed with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study ( ETDRS ) subfields, which were embedded in HS ( Haag-Streit ) with diameter of 1, 3 and 6mm. The changes of retinal thickness and volume of the macular center were measured.·RESULTS: The thickness of macular foveolar in NPDR group and PDR group were 252. 57 ± 31. 36μm, 362. 47 ± 20. 81μm. The retinal thickness of inner superior subfield (ISM) and inner nasal subfield(INM) were the thickest;that of inner inferior subfield ( IIM ) was next to ISM and INM, and that of inner temporal subfield was the thinnest. Of the outer subfields, the retinal thickness of outer superior subfield ( OSM ) was the thickest;that of outer nasal subfield( ONM) was next to OSM, and that of outer temporal subfield(OTM)and outer inferior subfield ( OIM ) was the thinnest. The value of macular central concave thickness and retinal thickness in each quadrant of the NPDR group were less than those of the PDR group, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0. 05). The volume (V) of macular center in NPDR group and PDR group were 0. 20±0. 02mm3, 0. 28±0. 16mm3, the upper and nasal sides of the middle part of the partition were the largest, the inferior and the temporal side were the smallest. The nasal side of the outer loop was the largest, the upper was the second, the temporal side and the inferior were the smallest. The volume of macular central fovea and the retinal volume in each quadrant of the NPDR group were smaller than those of the PDR group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05).·CONCLUSION: The changes of retinal thickness and volume in macular central fovea were related with the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Using OCT to analyze the macular thickness and macular volume in different stages of diabetic retinopathy, helps physicians to understand the morphological changes of macular region and its surrounding macular degeneration with the severity of diabetic retinopathy, and provide a basis for better analysis of the changes of the structure of macular in different severity diabetic retinopathy.

AIM: To compare the accuracy of intraocular lens(IOL)power calculations by using five formulas(Haigis, SRK-T, Hoffer Q, Holladay-1, SRK-Ⅱ)in eyes with long axial lengths in order to improve the accuracy of predicating IOL powers.METHODS: Fifty-one eyes of 51 cases of age-related cataract and with mild long axial(24.5mm27mm) were collected who`s optical biometry were performed by the Zeiss IOL Master500 before operation.They underwent regular phacoemulsification and posterior chamber IOL implantation.The actual postoperative refraction was measured with the methods of phoropter and subjective optometry 3mo after surgery.Then we compared the differences of the predicted and actual postoperative refraction of the five formulas in each group.RESULTS: In the mild axial lengths cases, the differences between SRK Ⅱ formula and the other four formulas were statistically significant (P<0.05), and the difference between Hoffer Q and SRK-T formula was statistically significant (P<0.05);there was no difference among the other formulas (P>0.05).In the moderate and severe long axial lengths cases, the differences between SRK Ⅱ formula and the other four formulas were statistically significant (P<0.05), and the difference between Hoffer Q and SRK-T formula, Hoffer Q and Haigis formula were statistically significant (P<0.05);there was no difference among the other formulas (P>0.05).The differences of all the five formulas between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: In the mild axial lengths cases, Haigis, SRK-T, Hoffer Q, Holladay-1 performed well.In the moderate and severe long axial lengths cases, Haigis, SRK-T and Holladay-1 performed better than other formulas.The accuracy of all the five formulas decreases as the axial length getting longer.

根据今年“世界青光眼周”的信息，到2020年，中国罹患青光眼的人数将达到2100万左右，将有超过630万人群因病致盲，以及超过1000万人具有视觉功能障碍，严重影响患者的生存质量。

AlM: To evaluate the clinical effect of trabeculectomy combined with biological amniotic membrane implantation and mitomycin C for acute primary angle closure glaucoma.METHODS: Twenty-five cases ( 25 eyes ) with acute primary angle closure glaucoma underwent trabeculectomy combined with biological amniotic membrane implantation and mitomycin C. Clinical observations were carried out on the postoperative visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber formation, filtering bleb and complications.RESULTS: Except one patient whose postoperative visual acuity decreased, the visual acuity of others did not changed or improved, and the visual acuity at 1, 3, 7d, and 1mo were significantly different (P<0. 05). At 3d to 1wk after operations, the visual acuity reached stable state. There were statistically significant differences on intraocular pressure before and after operations in all patients(P<0. 01). The intraocular pressure remained stable during 1a after surgeries. The operation also maintained anterior chamber, formed functional filtering blebs and reduced the risk of complications. CONCLUSlON: Trabeculectomy combined with biological amniotic membrane implantation and mitomycin C is a safe and effective method for acute primary angle closure glaucoma.

Abstract?AlM:To study the thickness changes of retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL) in Parkinson's disease ( PD) .?METHODS:Fifteen eyes of 15 PD patients in early stage and 18 eyes of 18 controls were chosen to take RNFL examination by optical coherence tomography ( OCT ) . Circular scans were taken around the optic nerve head (diameter = 3. 46mm) to record the features of RNFL. Scanning areas included eight quadrants of the temporal, superior, nasal, inferior, inferior-temporal, superior-temporal, inferior-nasal and superior-nasal quadrant. RNFL thickness was comparatively analyzed in eight quadrants and the average level in two groups.?RESULTS: RNFL thickness in two groups in temporal, superior, nasal , inferior, temporal- inferior, temporal-superior, nasal-inferior, nasal-superior were: ( control/PD) 83. 2 ± 17. 5μm/68. 7 ± 13. 5μm, 132. 7 ± 17. 4μm/128. 1 ± 25. 3μm, 83. 7 ± 22. 3μm/76. 5 ± 17. 8μm, 141. 5 ± 15. 3μm/128. 6± 13. 2μm, 117. 9 ± 24. 5μm/103. 3 ± 14. 1μm, 120. 8 ± 21. 2μm /102. 6 ± 23. 7μm, 110. 2 ± 27. 7μm/96. 6 ± 15. 0μm, 109. 6 ± 20. 6μm/101. 2 ± 20. 9μm. The average RNFL thickness in controls was 109. 9 ± 8. 5μm while it showed 102. 3 ± 11. 9μm in PD group. RNFL thickness in inferior, temporal, inferior-temporal, superior-temporal and the average RNFL thickness were statistically different in two groups ( t= 2. 595, 2. 700, 2. 153, 2. 330, 2. 131;P= 0. 014, 0. 011,0. 040,0. 026,0. 041).?CONCLUSlON: RNFL thickness in inferior, temporal, inferior temporal, superior temporal and the average RNFL thickness are significantly thinner in mild PD than those in the controls.