目的:分析腹泻患儿粪标本沙门菌菌型及对抗菌药物的耐药性.方法:回顾性分析2018年2月至2021年2月河南大学淮河医院收治的2487例腹泻患儿的临床资料,取新鲜粪便标本,进行细菌培养、菌型鉴定及药敏试验,统计沙门菌检出情况及血清型,并分析不同人口学特征患儿检出情况和不同菌型沙门菌耐药率.结果:2487份粪便标本共分离出107株沙门菌,检出率为4.30％(107/2487),2018、2019、2020、2021年检出率分别为5.81％、4.21％、4.32％、2.45％;107株沙门菌主要血清型为肠炎沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌,分别占14.95％、63.55％;男性、5～9岁、病程≥5 d、腹泻次数≥4次/d、中度脱水患儿沙门菌检出率较高;肠炎沙门菌对环丙沙星、氨苄西林、左氧氟沙星耐药率均高于70.00％,对诺氟沙星、头孢曲松、亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药率均低于10.00％;鼠伤寒沙门菌对环丙沙星、氨苄西林耐药率均高于80.00％,对头孢曲松、亚胺培南、美罗培南均无耐药;其他类型沙门菌对环丙沙星、氨苄西林耐药率均高于90.00％,对头孢曲松、亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药率均低于10.00％.结论:腹泻患儿粪标本沙门菌血清型主要为肠炎沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌,其对抗菌药物的耐药性差异明显.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are believed to be resistant against radiotherapy in certain types of cancers. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical application of miRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Sixty NSCLC tissue samples and adjacent histologically normal tissues were obtained for miRNAs microarray analysis and validated by RT-qPCR. Correlation between miRNA expression level and clinicopathological features was evaluated. Our study examined the influence of changed miRNA expression on the damaged DNA and its associated radio sensitivity. Luciferase assay was performed to determine potential effects on the targeted gene. Our study identified fifteen altered miRNAs in which miR-328-3p was down regulated in NSCLC tumour tissue as compared to normal tissues. Down-expression of miR-328-3p was positively associated with an enhanced lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical stage and a shortened survival rate. miR-328-3p expression was decreased in A549 cells compared to other NSCLC cell lines. Up-regulation of miR-328-3p demonstrated a survival inhibition effect in A549 and restored NSCLC cells' sensitivity to radio therapy. An increased miR-328-3p expression promoted irradiation-induced DNA damage in cells. γ-H2AX was identified as the direct target of miR-328-3p. Over-expressed miR-328-3p can improve the radiosensitvity of cells by altering the DNA damage/repair signalling pathways in NSCLC.

目的：探讨氧驱雾化吸入莫西沙星治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的临床疗效。方法选取我院2014年1月至2014年5月收治的慢阻肺合并Ⅱ型呼衰患者83名作为研究对象，按照入院单双日分为对照组（41名）和观察组（42名），分别采用常规治疗和氧驱雾化吸入莫西沙星治疗，疗程结束后，比较2组患者的临床疗效及肺功能变化。结果观察组患者的总有效率优于对照组（88.10%/70.73%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；治疗后，观察组患者肺功能各指标改善程度优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论氧驱雾化吸入莫西沙星治疗慢阻肺合并Ⅱ型呼衰更有利于COPD患者肺功能的提高和临床症状的改善，值得临床广泛推广和应用。

OBJECTIVE:A metaanalysis was performed to investigate the association between serum osteopontin (OPN) levels and the clinical pathological features in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.STUDY DESIGN:A systematic literature search was performed to identify relevant studies published prior to September 2014 using PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Data extracted from the selected studies were analyzed using statistical software.RESULTS:Based on our stringent selection criteria only 10 studies contained a combined total of 1,135 NSCLC patients. Our metaanalysis results clearly showed a strong correlation between serum OPN levels and multiple tumor parameters, such as TNM stage, histologic grade, and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC (TNM stage: RR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.62-0.77, p < 0.001; histologic grade: RR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.04-1.48, p = 0.016; lymph node metastasis: RR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.48 - 1.93, p < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Our findings revealed that serum OPN levels strongly correlate with clinical and pathological features in NSCLC patients.

Background Matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) promotes tumor invasion and metastasis in several cancers. However, its role in lung cancer progression is understudied. In this study, we investigated the correlation between MMP-7 expression and lung cancer pathology. Methods We searched the databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CISCOM, CINAHL, China BioMedicine (CBM) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for scientific literature relevant to MMP-7 and lung cancer. Carefully selected studies were pooled and ORs with 95% CI were calculated. Subgroup analyses and publication bias were analyzed to understand the retrieved data in greater detail. Version 12.0 STATA software was used for statistical analysis. Results We retrieved a total of 121 studies through database searches. Finally, 14 cohort studies satisfied our inclusion/exclusion criteria, and these 14 studies, published between 2004 and 2012, were selected for meta-analysis to understand the influence of MMP-7 expression in lung cancer progression. Our results showed consistent differences in MMP-7 expression when comparisons were made between TNM I-II versus III-IV (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.78, P = 0.006); histologic grade 1 to 2 versus 3 to 4 (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.14 to 2.42, P = 0.008); and lymph node-negative versus lymph node-positive samples (OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.73 to 4.58, P <0.001), with significantly higher MMP-7 expression levels found in the more advanced stages. Subgroup analysis showed that age was not the factor influencing the associations between histologic grade, LN metastasis and MMP-7 expression in lung cancer patients, as both under 60 and over 60 age groups showed strong correlations (all P <0.05). However, when TNM staging was analyzed for its association with MMP-7 expression, only patients under age 60 showed a statistically significant correlation. Conclusions Our meta-analysis results revealed that MMP-7 overexpression is associated with advanced TNM and histological grades, and is linked to aggressive LN metastasis in lung cancer patients; thus MMP-7 is a useful biomarker to assess the disease status in lung cancers.

UNLABELLED:We conduct a case-control study to explore the possible association between IL-17 gene polymorphisms and development of TB.METHODS:The study population comprised 428 TB subjects and 428 control subjects between January 2013 and June 2014. Genotyping analyses of IL-17A rs2275913 and rs3748067 and IL-17F rs763780 and rs9382084 were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length of polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).RESULTS:The TB cases were more likely to have a habit of smoking when comparing with controls. By conditional logistic regression analysis, individuals carrying CC genotype of rs763780 were more likely to have a significantly increased risk of TB when compared with TT genotype. The OR (95% CI) for CC genotype of rs763780 was 2.98 (1.58-5.92).CONCLUSION:In conclusion, we suggest that rs763780 play a critical role in the etiology of TB. These findings could be helpful in identifying individuals at increased risk for developing TB.

Objective To evaluate the effects and safety of gefitinib ver-sus erlotinib second line treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.Methods Eight six pathology confirmed lung adenocarcinoma were included in this study.Patients in the gefitinib group were administered of gefitinib 250 mg orally per day until disease progression.Patients in the erlotinib group were given erlotinib150 mg orally per day until disease progression.The clinical activity such as objective response rate, median survival and toxicity were compared between the two groups.Results The objective response rate were 24.3%and 26.7%for the gefitinib group and erloti-nib group respectively with no statistical difference(P>0.05).The medi-an survival time were 13.5 months and 13.2 months in the gefitinib group and erlotinib group respectively with no statistical difference ( P>0.05 ).The main drug related toxicity were rash and diarrhea for the two groups with no significant difference ( P >0.05 ).Conclusion Gefitinib and erlotinib were similar in the aspects of efficacy and drug related adverse events for the second line treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.

目的：探讨不同剂量糖皮质激素对慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期（ AECOPD）患者炎性因子水平的影响。方法选取2012年1月至2013年12月在该院呼吸科治疗的AECOPD的患者150例，将患者随机分成三组，低剂量组给予甲泼尼龙40 mg静脉注射1次／d；高剂量组给予甲泼尼龙40 mg静脉注射2次／d；对照组为空白对照，不使用任何糖皮质激素。观察三组患者治疗前及治疗后1 w的呼吸困难评分、动脉血气分析、临床症状评分和血清白介素（ IL）－6、IL－8、肿瘤坏死因子（ TNF）－α和C－反应蛋白（ CRP）的变化，并记录相关的药物不良反应。结果治疗后1 w三组患者中高剂量组和低剂量组的临床症状评分、Borg评分、动脉血二氧化碳分压（ PaCO2）、动脉血氧分压（ PaO2）改善均优于对照组（ F＝4．23、8．16、26．35、42．37，均P＜0．05），而低剂量组优于高剂量组（均 P＜0．05）；治疗后高剂量组和低剂量组血清 IL－6、IL－8、TNF－α、CRP 水平对照组明显下降（F＝29．51、13．29、21．73、33．51，均P＜0．05），而低剂量组较高剂量组下降更明显（均 P＜0．05）。在治疗过程中，三组患者均未出现严重药物不良反应。结论短期、适量糖皮质激素对AECOPD患者的治疗是有效、安全的。

目的：探讨烟草雾吸入诱导的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）大鼠气道Clara细胞及其分泌蛋白（CC10）表达的变化。方法采用自制的染毒箱，使大鼠吸入烟草雾制作COPD模型，对Clara细胞进行电镜及免疫组化观察，并测定大鼠气道阻力及呼吸系统总顺应性。结果 COPD大鼠终末及呼吸性细支气管Clara细胞数量减少，胞质内滑面内质网扩张；终末及呼吸性细支气管上皮细胞CC10表达减少；呼吸功能检查显示气道阻力增加、呼吸系统总顺应性下降；气道上皮细胞CC10阳性细胞百分率与气道阻力呈负相关。 COPD大鼠终末及呼吸性细支气管上皮细胞 Clara细胞数量减少，气道上皮细胞CC10表达减少，CC10阳性细胞百分率与气道阻力呈负相关、与动态顺应性呈正相关。结论 Clara细胞及 CC10表达减少，这可能与大鼠气道阻力增加及呼吸系统总顺应性下降有关。

Betulin (lup-20(29)-ene-3β, 28-diol) is an abundant, naturally occurring triterpene. It is commonly isolated from the bark of birch trees and forms up to 30% of the dry weight of the extractive. In the present study, we revealed its antiproliferative effects and mechanisms using two lung carcinoma cells (A549 and NCI-292). By 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays, we found that betulin could efficiently inhibit cell growth and proliferation. Besides, several key genes of cell-cycle regulators were also affected by betulin treatment. At the molecular level, our results demonstrated that treatment with betulin was also associated with activation of AMP kinase and inhibition of mTOR/p70S6K/pS6 signaling in these cells. In agreement, inhibition of AMPK signaling largely reversed the antiproliferative roles of betulin. Taken together, these data provide evidence for a mechanism that may contribute to the antineoplastic effects of betulin and justify further work to explore its potential roles in lung cancer prevention and treatment.

目的探讨氨茶碱联合参麦注射液治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床疗效。方法选取慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者76例,将其随机分为观察组和对照组各38例。对照组给予氨茶碱治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上给予参麦注射液。观察比较2组患者的临床疗效、肺功能指标治疗前后的变化。结果 1个疗程结束后,观察组总有效率92%,对照组82%,2组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗后2组FEV1、FEV1/FVC均较治疗前明显改善(P均<0.05),且观察组改善较对照组更明显,2组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论氨茶碱联合参麦注射液治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。

Aim: Individual differences in chemosensitivity and clinical outcome of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients may be induced by host inherited factors. We investigated the impact of XPD Arg156Arg, XPD Asp312Asn, XPD Asp711Asp and XPD Lys751Gln gene polymorphisms on the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. Methods: A total of 496 were consecutively selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University between Jan. 2003 and Nov. 2006, and all patients were followed-up until Nov. 2011. The genotyping of XPD Arg156Arg, XPD Asp312Asn, XPD Asp711Asp and XPD Lys751Gln was conducted by duplex polymerase-chain-reaction with the confronting-two-pair primer methods. Results: Individuals with XPD 312 C/T+T/T and XPD 711 C/T+T/T exhibited poor responses to chemotherapy when compared with the wildtype genotype, with adjusted ORs(95% CI) of 0.67(0.38-0.97) and 0.54(0.35-0.96), respectively. Cox regression showed the median PFS and OS of patients of XPD 312 C/T+T/T genotype and XPD 711 C/T+T/T genotype to be significantly lower than those with wild-type homozygous genotype. Conclusion: We found polymorphisms in XPD to be associated with response to platinum-based chemotherapy in NSCLC, and our findings provide information for therapeutic decisions for individualized therapy.

Objective:To study the inhibitory effect of wogonin on proliferation,invasion ability and pro-apoptotic activity in lung cancer A549 cell line.Methods:MTT chromatometry was employed to determine the influence of wogonin on proliferation of A549 cell.The apoptosis-promoting effect of wogonin on A549 cell was observed by morphological method.The changes of cell invasive ability in vitro were detected by Transwell assay.Results:Wogonin showed significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation and invasive activity of A549 cell line and the apoptosis-promoting effect on lung cancer cells.Conclusion:Wogonin can significantly inhibit proliferation and migration of lung cancer A549 cells and promote the apoptosis of A549 cell line.

Ojbective:To study the effects of erythromycin treatment to endotoxin-induced ALI(acute lung injury) in rat model.Methods: The rat model of ALI was made by injecting lipopolysaccharide(LPS) with a dose of 4mg/kg into vena caudalis.54 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group(NC),experiment group(LPS) and treatment group(EY),18 rats every group.In control group physiologic saline was injected,in experiment group LPS was injected,in treatment group LPS was injected as time as erythromycin injectable powder intraperitoneal injection(50 mg/kg).Measured the levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,IL-8,IL-10 in serum and alveolar wash liquid of 54 rats by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:Compare treatment group with experiment group,PaO2 and pH stepped up,PaCO2 stepped down,lung coefficient was(0.62±0.07 vs 0.96±0.13,P0.05),lung water content(85.76±0.56 vs 82.88±0.47,P0.05),lung permeability index(7.41±0.61 vs 12.26±0.58,P0.05),all decreased significantly,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α in serum and alveolar wash liquid stepped down,however,IL-10 stepped up significantly.The lesion of lung tissue in treatment group was lighter than that in experiment group through pathology observing.Conclusion: Erythromycin can

AIM: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum and lesion tissue of lung cancer patients and to explore its correlation with biological characters of the disease. METHODS: Expression of VEGF in sera of patients with lung cancer and patients with pneumonic tumor-like lesions was detected by ELISA. Immunohistochemistry methods (SP) were used to examine VEGF expression in tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues of lung cancer patients and in pathological tissues of pneumonic lesions. RESULTS: Serum VEGF level [(330±65) ng/L] in lung cancer patients was significantly higher than that in patients with pneumonic tumor-like lesions [(143±35) ng/L, P0.05)]. The expression rate of VEGF in tumor tissues, tumor-adjacent normal tissue and benign lesion tissues were 74.8%, 46.3% and 18.1%, respectively, and it was significanthy higher in the tumor tissues than in the other two (P0.05). VEGF in sera and tissues of lung cancer patients was both not related to age, sex, cigarette smoking and TNM stages (P0.05), but to histologic subtype, differentiation and lymph node metastases (P0.05). CONCLUSION: VEGF is overexpressed in pathological tissues and sera of patients with lung cancer. There are remarkable relationships between the expression of VEGF and histologic subtype, differentiation, lymph node metastases, so it could be linked to prognosis of lung can-cer. VEGF may be identified as a brand-new diagnostic marker and a potential gene therapeutic target for some types of lung cancer.

AIM: To observe the alterations of all kinds of pathophysiological and biochemical markers in rat model with endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI) after pentoxifylline (PTX)treatment so as to approach the intervention effect of PTX treatment on ALI. METHODS: The rat model of ALI was made by injecting lipopolysacharide (LPS) at a dose of 4 mg/kg into vena caudalis. Seventy-two male SD rats with matched month age and weight were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (NS), experimental group (LPS) and PTX treatment group, 24 rats each group. In control group physiologic saline was injected into vena caudalis; in experimental group 4 mg/kg LPS was injected into vena caudalis; in treatment group 0.036 mol/L PTX (10 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally (ip) injected 1 h before LPS injection into vena caudalis. Instantly after ALI rat modes were established successfully in erperimental group, 10 mg/kg PTX was injected ip, totally for 5 times, at an interval of 1 h; in the other 2 groups, same-volume physiologic saline was given in the same way. We determined PaO2, pH, PaCO2, lung coefficient, lung water content, lung permeability index, and detected the percentages of neutrocyte and macrophage in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the levels of malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), nitric oxide(NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), and observed the pathomorphology of lung tissue. RESULTS: In treatment group compared with experimental group, PaO2 and pH stepped up, PaCO2 stepped down, lung coefficient (0.59±0.17 vs 0.92±0.11, P<0.05), lung water content(84.46±0.39 vs 80.22±0.37, P<0.05), lung permeability index(7.28±0.54 vs 12.32±0.28, P<0.05) were all decreased significantly, the percentage of neutrocyte in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was reduced, NO and iNOS were depressed significantly, and SOD was improved significantly(P<0.05). The lesion of lung tissue in treatment group was lighter than that in experiment group through pathological observation. CONCLUSION: PTX can improve energy metabolism and reduce the cytotoxicity in LPS-induced ALI rats. PTX plays a role in intervening and preventing the development of ALI.

2001～2006年,我院应用氟康唑治疗肺部真菌感染患者45例,现报告如下. 临床资料:45例肺部真菌感染患者,男33例,女12例;年龄35～82(53±14)岁,＞60岁39例.

慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)是临床上常见的呼吸系统疾病,可必特为新一代复方支气管扩张剂 ,含有异丙托溴铵和沙丁胺醇,我院自2005年9月至2006年1月观察有随访条件的42例患者,疗效良好.

2005年2月～2006年2月,我们采用加替沙星序贯给药治疗肺部感染30例,效果满意.现报告如下.

对96例非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)术后随访5 a以上患者的手术切除标本,采用常规组织病理学方法和免疫组织化学(ABC)法检测p53、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)蛋白在癌细胞中的表达,分析评价影响患者预后的主要因素和评估预后的可行性指标.结果p53和PCNA阳性表达率分别为68.75%和86.46%;p53和PCNA高表达者生存期明显短于低表达者,两者表达率肿瘤高分化者低于中、低分化者,TNF分期早期(Ⅰ,Ⅱ期)者低于晚期 (Ⅲ,Ⅳ期)者.多因素Cox模型逐步回归分析显示,病理分期、手术方式、p53阳性、PCNA阳性以及术后是否规范化疗5种因素对患者生存期的影响最大.p53、PCNA表达检测可指导NSCLC的诊断、治疗及预后判断.