冠状动脉CT影像技术是临床用来诊断和筛选冠心病的重要手段之一,为了使医学生能掌握这项临床诊断价值较高的影像技术以及储备良好的CT影像专业知识,教师在教学过程中需将课堂教学与临床实践完美的结合,才能保证教学的应用性和实践性更强.目前对于冠脉CT影像教学的方法多为以案例为基础的学习教学法(CBL)和以团队为基础的学习教学法(TBL),两组教学方法均有效促进了冠脉CT影像教学模式的改革与发展,并大大提高了医学生对CT影像技术的使用能力以及对CT影像的分析能力.该文主要探究了CBL教学法在冠脉CT影像教学中的实践应用方法及效果.
目的 探讨颈椎病患者的临床CT诊断价值.方法 选取我院2015年1月至2016年7月收治的已经病理学证实的65例颈椎病患者作为研究对象,所有患者均予以X线平片以及CT检查,对比两种检查方法的应用价值.结果 X线平片神经根型、交感神经型、脊髓型、椎动脉型、混合型检出率分别为24.6%、4.6%、4.6%、1.5%、26.2%,诊断准确率61.5%,CT检查神经根型、交感神经型、脊髓型、椎动脉型、混合型检出率分别为33.8%、10.8%、9.2%、6.2%、35.4%,诊断准确率95.4%,CT检查神经根型、混合型颈椎病检出率、诊断准确率明显高于X线平片检查(P<0.05);具体CT表现:神经根型颈椎病患者多见神经根受压移位,交感神经型则以椎体周缘不规则花边骨质增生为主,脊髓型存在椎管狭窄以及椎间盘突出且合并硬膜囊等征象,椎动脉型患者多见钩突肥大、钩椎关节骨质增生.结论 颈椎病患者的临床CT诊断价值高,对于疾病早期诊断以及预防具有重要的积极意义,值得推广.
目的 通过CT灌注成像研究内皮祖细胞对老年大鼠创伤性颅脑损伤的影响.方法 将实验大鼠分为对照组、顺磁性氧化铁(SPIO)组、颅脑损伤组、内皮祖细胞组.对照组、颅脑损伤组和内皮祖细胞组大鼠移植后3、5、7 d进行CT灌注扫描;SPIO组和内皮祖细胞组大鼠移植后2、24、48 h进行普鲁士蓝染色;对照组、颅脑损伤组和内皮祖细胞组大鼠移植后3、5、7 d予CD31+细胞免疫组化染色,计算CD31+细胞数和微血管数.结果 内皮祖细胞组移植后2、24、48 h在颅脑损伤区域均见大量蓝染颗粒聚集,SPIO组在移植后2、24、48 h在颅脑损伤区域均未见蓝染细胞.内皮祖细胞组移植后3、5、7 d颅脑损伤区微血管计数和CD31+细胞数均高于颅脑损伤组(P<0.05).颅脑损伤组大鼠移植后3、5、7 d相对脑血容量(rCBV)、相对脑血流量(rCBF)、表面通透性(PS)值均高于对照组(P<0.05),相对平均通过时间(rMTT)值和对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);内皮祖细胞组移植后3 d和移植后5 d rCBV值低于颅脑损伤组(P<0.05),移植后7 d rCBV值和颅脑损伤组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),内皮祖细胞组移植后3、5、7 d rCBF和PS值均低于颅脑损伤组(P<0.05),移植后5 d rMTT值高于颅脑损伤组(P<0.05),内皮祖细胞组移植后3 d和移植后7 d rMTT值和颅脑损伤组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 内皮祖细胞可以聚集到颅脑损伤区域,提高颅脑损伤区微血管数量和CD31+细胞数,降低颅脑损伤区rCBV、rCBF和PS值.
目的 分析CT与核磁共振(MRI)成像在肝硬化结节患者中的应用价值.方法 2016年1月至2017年1月,选取我院68例肝硬化结节患者为研究对象,均接受CT成像与MRI成像进行检查,对两组检查方法的检测结果进行分析,比较两种检测方法的准确性.结果 CT成像检查准确率为66.18%,MRI成像检查准确率为70.59%,无显著差异(P>0.05).且肝硬化结节患者接受CT及MRI检查,在再生结节和异型增生结节方面有一定差异性,CT及MRI成像技术在检查肝硬化结节方面各具优势.结论 CT成像与MRI成像在肝硬化结节患者诊断中均有良好的应用价值.
目的:分析MRI诊断早期类风湿性关节炎的临床结果。方法选取我院2014年7月至2015年7月诊断并治疗的50例早期类风湿关节炎患者,将其分成两组,其中实施常规CT诊断患者为对照组,实施MRI诊断患者为观察组,对比两组患者的诊断结果。结果观察组患者的临床疾病检出率显著高于对照组,其中对照组患者为68.0%,观察组患者为84.0%,差异显著(P<0.05)。结论 MRI诊断早期类风湿性关节炎可以提高患者疾病诊断检出率,有助于早期实施治疗,提高患者治疗效果。
目的 探讨宫腹腔镜联合治疗输卵管堵塞患者的临床效果.方法输卵管堵塞患者依据入院时间分为两组,分别给予宫腹腔镜联合治疗(观察组45例)及开腹手术治疗(对照组45例),观察两组患者治疗效果差异.结果观察组患者各项手术指标均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组患者术后输卵管畅通率(91.1%)及妊娠率(75.6%)均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论宫腹腔镜联合治疗输卵管堵塞患者效果显著,对优化患者手术指标、提高患者输卵管畅通率与妊娠率均有重要作用.
Objective: To investigate and analyze clinical significance of MRI in diagnosis of acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation. Methods: 60 cases with acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation were used as the observation object, and they firstly examined by CT and X ray; if no fracture damages were detected, then the cases were examined by MRI to find cervical spinal cord injury. Results: Of the 60 patients, through MRI, 9 cases had no abnormal spinal cord signal, 30 cases had edema through intramedullary check out, 13 cases had intramedullary hemorrhage, 8 cases had cystic changes, 19 cases had the morphology of spinal cord atrophy, 20 cases had cervical spinal cord swelling, and 21 cases suffered from spinal cord by the exter-nal pressure, and the differences between the two examinations were statistically significant (P<0. 05). Conclusions: MRI in the di-agnosis of acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture and dislocation is significant in clinical efficacy, and is worthy of clinical reference and promotion.
Objective:To analyze application values of magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) in diagnosis of female pelvic ab﹣scess. Methods:56 cases of female pelvic abscess were used as the research object and received MRI examination and spiral CT ex﹣amination. After laparoscopic operation treatment, the diagnostic accuracy and application values of the two methods were compared and analyzed. Results:MRI showed that in the 56 cases, 40 cases had bacterial abscess, 13 cases had tuberculous abscess and 3 ca﹣ses had teratoma;the detected tumor size was 4. 2cmⅩ4. 1cmⅩ3. 9cm-14. 1cmⅩ9. 3cmⅩ8. 8cm. Spiral CT scanning showed 35 cases had bacterial abscess, 8 cases had tuberculous abscess, 6 cases had teratoma, and 7 cases had ovarian chocolate cyst;the detected of tumor size was 5. 1cmⅩ4. 4cmⅩ4. 2cm-15. 7cmⅩ10. 3cmⅩ9. 1cm. Laparoscopic diagnosis revealed that 40 cases had bacterial ab﹣scess, 14 cases had tuberculous abscess, and 2 cases had teratoma;the detected tumor size was 4. 3cmⅩ4. 2cmⅩ3. 9cm-14. 0cmⅩ9. 2cmⅩ8. 9cm. The coincidence rates of MRI and spiral CT scan were 98. 21% and 80. 36%, and the difference was significant (P<0. 05). Conclusions:The diagnosis accordance rate and accuracy of MRI are higher, and it is an effective way for clinical imaging diag﹣nosis and differential diagnosis of female pelvic cyst.
目的 通过分析60岁以上老年患者急性脑梗塞(ACI)影像表现、临床表现及预后来总结>60岁老年人急性脑梗塞的临床及影像特点.方法 209例ACI患者,均采用CT、MRI检查.其中120例为>60岁老年人.对其影像学改变及治疗预后进行分析.结果 本组120例中多数在睡眠中发作,临床表现以头痛、晕厥、肢体障碍、口唇歪斜、话语不清、眼球运动障碍为多,多以基底节、脑叶梗塞、延髓、桥脑腔隙性脑梗塞多见.结论 >60老年人ACI多见,多隐匿起病和急性起病,影像表现无特异性.
急性脑梗死(ACI)是老年人的常见病、多发病,影像学检查是主要诊断手段.我们搜集了ACI 120例进行影像学及临床预后分析,探讨其发病特点,旨在为临床治疗提供可靠依据.
Objective To evaluate the X-ray diagnosis of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture.Methods Retrospectively analyze the X-ray appearance and clinical materials of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture in 56 cases.Results The normal vertebral shape disappeared differently,the density of bone decreased and the fragment of the fractured verbebral centrum distended around the vertebra.The fracture of the vertebral accessories(pedicle of vertebral arch became wide or narrow)compressed the vertebral canal and caused the vertebral canal narrow,the joint disturbance or dislocation of vertebral superior and inferior articular process,protrusion of intervertebral disc,and the spinal cord compressed.Conclusion Good plain X-ray can display the vertebral column clearly and can diagnose the thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture correctly.
目的:探讨迷路炎致突发性耳聋的螺旋CT三维重建成像技术的临床应用。方法:采用薄层螺旋扫描技术(小视野Fov=5cm,层厚1.0mm),进行最小密度投影法(MinIP)、最大密度投影法(MIP)、多层面重组(MPR)和表面重建(SSD)各种方法的三维重建。结果:采用MinIP,MPR及SSD能充分显示骨性迷路,耳蜗,前庭,前、后、外三个骨性半规管,膜性迷路,蜗管(2.5周),球囊,椭圆囊,前、后、外三个膜性半规管的表面、分布形态及内部结构和病变密度、范围、形态、边缘情况。结论:螺旋CT三维成像技术能充分准确观测内耳迷路内部和表面的立体结构,并能充分显示病变范围、形态、密度、边缘情况。
目的探讨肝海绵状血管瘤的介入治疗方法及效果。方法对我院收治的肝海绵状血管瘤患者30例,应用介入方法施行肝动脉插管,并注入平阳霉素与超液化碘油混合乳剂,术后6个月进行随访,观察肿瘤大小、临床症状的改善情况及不良反应。结果 30例介入患者,肿瘤完全消失者8例,瘤体缩小者20例,瘤体无变化者2例;有效率达100%,未见不良反应的情况发生。结论肝海绵状血管瘤通过介入治疗效果显著,具有安全、简便、微创、费用低、成功率高、并发症少等优点,是肝血管瘤治疗的一种理想疗法,值得推广。