The current research status of tobacco stem utilization was introduced, and the main methods and characteristics of tobacco stem u-tilization were summarized.In view of the present characteristics of Chongqing tobacco growing areas, the reuse of waste tobacco stems in Chongqing tobacco growing areas was discussed.

[目的]筛选彭水植烟区缺硼土壤最佳施用硼肥时期和施用量.[方法]采用田间小区对比试验的方法开展了不同硼肥施用时期和施用量对烤烟生长及经济性状影响的研究.[结果]在烤烟移栽期基施硼肥比移栽后30 d浇施效果要好;施硼砂量22.5～30.0 kg/hm2处理比不施或施硼砂7.5、15.0 kg/hm2效果要好.[结论]初步确定彭水植烟区土壤最佳施硼方式为30.0 kg/hm2硼肥作基肥施用.

[Objective] In order to further study the correlation between the appearance tobacco quality and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco. [Method] Grey relational analysis was conducted for the sensory quality and appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco. [Result] The results showed that the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco including maturity,color and leaf structure have a greater impact on the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco,identity,oil and saturation have a smaller impact on the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco. [Conclusion] The sensory quality of tobacco can be improved by regulating maturity,color,structure in the production process.

In order to provide evidence for high yield and quality cultivation of flue-cured tobacco cultivar K326 and thus to expand its planting areas in Chongqing so as to meet the needs of cigarette industrial enterprise of tobacco leaf of K326,the transplanting density test of K326 was conducted in Xintian Village,Dianshui Town,Pengshui County of Chongqing City.The test set three transplanting density levels,i.e.13 500,15 000,16 500 plants per hm2,respectively,in a randomized block design with three replications.In this paper,the growth of plant and the tobacco leaf yield,production value,average price and chemical quality of K326 at different transplanting density were analyzed to determine the best transplanting density of K326.The results showed that all the differences of tobacco leaf yield,production value,average price and high-class leaves proportion among different transplanting density were significant at P≤0.05 or P≤0.01.At transplanting density of 16 500 plants per hm2,the tobacco leaf yield,production value,average price and high-class leaves proportion of K326 were the highest.On the other hand,the differences of chemical quality indices such as total nitrogen,reducing sugar,potassium,chlorine and sugar-nicotine ratio were not significant.At all the transplanting density the chemical components and their coordination of K326 were all very good.Based on comprehensive evaluation of the tobacco leaf yield,production value,average price and chemical quality of K326 at different transplanting density,it was suggested that the best transplanting density of K326 was 16 500 plants per hm2.

The experiments were conducted for discussing the effects of different altitudes in Chongqing area on K326 quality.Results showed that quality of tobacco leaf from low altitude including chemical components,sensory quality,and aromatic matter content was better than that from high and medium altitude.The level of some aroma substances such as the plastid pigment degradation product of aroma components was high in medium altitude.The overall sensory quality from high altitude was balanced.Overall,it was suitable for planting K326 in low altitude in Chongqing Pengshui area.

[Objective] The study aimed to obtain the time variation characteristics for the quality of tobacco leaf in Pengshui County.[Method] The chemical compositions and their coordination indicators for 3 groups of upper leaf(B2F),middle leaf(C3F) and lower leaf(X2F) in the flue-cured tobacco in the successive 4 years from 2007 to 2010 in Pengshui County,Chongqing City were analyzed.[Result] In the tobacco leaf production for the successive 4 years,the coefficients of variation of the chlorine content in the upper,middle and lower leaves of the tobacco in Pengshui County were all more than 30%,and the contents of other chemical compositions kept stable basically.In the various indexes that characterized the chemical compositions coordination,the variation coefficients of the potassium-chlorine ratio in the upper,middle and lower leaves were all more than 30%,and that of two sugar ratio and sugar-alkali ratio kept stable basically.[Conclusion] In addition to the indicators of chlorine content and the potassium-chloride ratio in the tobacco in Pengshui County,other indicators were stable basically.So,it should adjust the chlorine content in the tobacco leaf through the fertilizer-water management to make the chemical compositions in the tobacco leaf more stable and harmonious.

通过小区试验,探索了水杨酸联合杀菌剂诱导烟草抵抗青枯病的效果及其对烟草生物学性状的影响。结果表明:与对照处理及其他不同处理相比,水杨酸与福福锌在前期对诱导烟草抵抗青枯病具有较好的效果,第一次处理后可达84.53%;水杨酸与代森锰锌在后期诱导烟草抗青枯病方面具有相对较好的效果,其防效可以达到73.98%,水杨酸与代森锰锌在促进烟株株高、最大叶面积、叶片数、茎围上分别达到了112.57cm、2040.06cm2、9.88cm、19.17片,水杨酸及其复配处理与空白对照相比在株高、叶面积、茎围方面存在明显差异。