BACKGROUND:The younger onset of ischemic stroke creates a significant premature disease burden for adults aged 50-69 years. China, India, and the USA represent different stages of global epidemiological transition. We evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of ischemic stroke burden, shifts in disease composition (fatal versus disabling), and dynamic trajectories of core risk factors in this demographic across the three countries from 1990 to 2023, with exploratory long-term scenario projections to 2053. METHODS:Based on the GBD 2023 database, we extracted disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and population attributable fractions for adults aged 50-69 years in the three nations. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models were used to forecast the disease burden through 2053, with prediction intervals reported across multiple horizons to convey the widening uncertainty of long-range forecasts. RESULTS:Stroke burden trajectories among the three countries diverged significantly from 1990 to 2023. ARIMA scenario projections indicate that China's DALY rate will continue to decline, India's rate will remain approximately flat at its current high level, and the US rate will remain on a high plateau. India is projected to retain the highest DALY rate of the three countries throughout the 10-year horizon, though widening intervals indicate that long-range estimates should be interpreted as scenario-based projections rather than precise forecasts. Compositional analysis reveals that the USA has shifted toward a high-disability pattern, characterized by an expanding proportion of YLDs. India remains dominated by a YLL-driven burden indicating high acute mortality. China exhibits a prominent sex disparity with a male-to-female burden ratio of nearly 2:1. High smoking rates among Chinese men have stalled the overall decline in disease burden. Meanwhile, India faces dual pressures from persistent particulate matter pollution (PM2.5) and escalating metabolic risks. The attributable risk of high body mass index in the USA rose consistently over the past 3 decades, affecting both sexes equally. CONCLUSION:Stroke prevention for middle-aged and older adults requires tailored, region-specific strategies. China needs to enforce stricter tobacco control specifically targeting the male population. India faces systemic challenges ranging from upgrading primary energy structures to establishing robust cardiovascular screening networks. The USA must strengthen national metabolic disease management.

劳动是创造一切幸福的源泉,劳动教育是五育并举培养知行合一的药学类应用型人才的必然要求.文章通过将思政劳育、专业劳育、实践劳育、课程劳育、社会劳育等纳入人才培养的全过程,构建了融学于劳,以文化人,融劳动精神、专业知识、中医药文化"三位一体"中医药院校劳动教育模式,取得了良好成效,实现综合育人价值.

目的 对中医药治疗三叉神经痛相关的文献进行计量与可视化分析,探究该领域的研究热点及发展趋势.方法 搜索2002年1月至2022年5月中国知网、维普网及万方数据库收录的中医药领域对三叉神经痛研究的有关文献作为研究对象,分别对发文趋势、作者合作情况、关键词共现、聚类、突现情况进行分析,并绘制相应的知识图谱.结果 共纳入991篇文献,该领域的年发文量整体呈曲线上升趋势.发文量＞3篇的核心作者共有18位,发文量最多的作者为方剑乔和李崖雪.频数较高的关键词包括卡马西平、电针及中药等,发现12个关键词聚类和9个突现关键词.结论 图谱直观地展示了主要研究方向为中医针灸、下关穴、温针灸、针刺等,中医药治疗将成为该领域未来的研究趋势.

目的 观察温阳复元方对脑缺血再灌注后大鼠铁调节蛋白1(IRP1)和96 序列相似家庭成员A(FAM96A)表达的影响,探讨其脑保护机制.方法 将 84 只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、脑缺血再灌注组、温阳复元方组和补阳还五汤组,每组21 只.除假手术组外,其余组采用改良Longa线栓法建立脑缺血再灌注模型.温阳复元方组和补阳还五汤组大鼠在造模前30 min分别给予温阳复元方14.04 g/kg和补阳还五汤11.43 g/kg灌胃,大鼠清醒后1h继续予以原方灌胃,假手术组、脑缺血再灌注组给予生理盐水灌胃.分别于再灌注12 h、24 h、3 d时对各组大鼠进行神经功能缺损评分,随后处死大鼠取脑组织,分别采用RT-qPCR、免疫组化法检测缺血灶脑组织中IRP1、FAM96A mRNA和蛋白表达情况.结果 脑缺血再灌注组大鼠再灌注12 h、24 h、3 d时神经功能缺损评分均明显高于假手术组(P均<0.05);温阳复元方组大鼠再灌注12 h、24 h、3 d时神经功能缺损评分均明显低于同期脑缺血再灌注组(P均<0.05),且再灌注 3d时明显低于同期补阳还五汤组(P<0.05);补阳还五汤组仅在再灌注12h时神经功能缺损评分明显低于脑缺血再灌注组(P<0.05).脑缺血再灌注组再灌注12 h、24 h、3 d时IRP1、FAM96A mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达平均光密度值均明显高于同期假手术组(P均<0.05);温阳复元方组IRP1、FAM96A mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达平均光密度值随再灌注时间延长逐渐降低,再灌注3d时最低,与脑缺血再灌注组相应时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),且再灌注3d时IRP1 mRNA相对表达量和再灌注24 h、3 d时FAM96A mRNA相对表达量及IRP1、FAM96A蛋白表达平均光密度值均明显低于同期补阳还五汤组(P均<0.05);补阳还五汤组IRP1、FAM96A mRNA相对表达量和蛋白表达平均光密度值随再灌注时间延长逐渐升高,但再灌注12 h、24 h时均明显低于同期脑缺血再灌注组(P均<0.05),再灌注3d时与脑缺血再灌注组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).结论 温阳复元方可以通过下调IRP1 和FAM96A表达起到保护大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用.

中医扶阳理论中元阳虚衰在中风发病过程起着重要的基础作用,阳化气不足,阴成形太过后,痰、瘀、毒等病理产物导致龙路堵塞,火路不通,进而形成缺血性中风.治疗方法为扶其元阳,使阴阳在其本位,在此基础上根据缺血性中风的病情使用三焦次第法中的开上焦、中焦,与壮医通"龙路、火路"有很大的内在逻辑相关性.故治疗应把握上、中焦温通的整体变化,以恢复"龙路、火路"为核心,并根据病理产物的动态变化采用健脾化湿、宣肺化痰、温肾助阳等治法,多脏同调,促使"龙路、火路"通畅,进而治愈本病.

Context: Wenyang Huayu formula (WYHYF) is a prescription useful for treating stroke. Objective: To evaluate the mechanism of WYHYF in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: Network pharmacology analysis was performed to identify the chemical components and potential targets of WYHYF related to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. The Cytoscape software and STRING database were used to draw a “drug component target disease” and protein interaction network diagram, respectively. Metascape database was used for gene enrichment analysis, and Autodock vina software was used for molecular docking to determine the pathways and targets of WYHYF. Finally, the pathways and targets were verified in vivo in rats. Results: We identified 277 drug targets and 3777 disease targets of WYHYF. Enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways yielded 222 entries. The results of molecular docking showed that the core components and core proteins had a good binding ability. Validation analysis in the animal model indicated that stigmasterol, C-homoerythrin, luteolin, and other components in WYHYF influence the effects of the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/NF-κB signal pathway on IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-α and exert neuroprotective effects, relieve reperfusion injury, and inhibit apoptosis and inflammation. Discussion and conclusions: WYHYF affects ischemic stroke through the interactions of multiple components, targets, and pathways. The mechanism may involve the TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway to inhibit apoptosis, reduce inflammation, and promote angiogenesis.

目的 探讨基于腺相关病毒为载体构建的Nogo受体(NgR)抑制剂通过NgR/Ras基因家族成员(Rho)A/Rho相关激酶(ROCK)2 信号通路改善血管性痴呆(VaD)大鼠学习记忆能力及轴突再生分子机制.方法 将40 只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、NgR干扰剂组(腺相关病毒)、阴性对照组(NgR空载体病毒),每组10 只.采用双侧颈总动脉永久结扎术法制作VaD大鼠模型,模型成功后,将AAV9-NgR-shRNA通过脑立体定位术注射至大鼠海马组织,阴性对照组注入等量空载体腺相关病毒.4 w后,采用Morris水迷宫测定学习、记忆能力,采用实时荧光定量-聚合酶链反应(PCR)、Western印迹检测各组NgR/RhoA/ROCK2 通路NgR、RhoA、ROCK2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平,电镜观察大鼠海马突触超微结构变化.结果 术后1w,模型组、阴性对照组潜伏期时间与跨越平台次数与NgR干扰组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与假手术组比较有显著性差异(均P<0.05).术后4w,与模型组及阴性对照组比较,NgR干扰组潜伏期显著缩短,跨越平台次数显著增加,海马中NgR、RhoA、ROCK2 mRNA及其蛋白表达显著减少(均P<0.05),且海马组织内突触前后囊泡正常、细胞器更加完整;阴性对照组上述指标与模型组比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05).结论 NgR抑制剂可能通过抑制NgR/RhoA/ROCK2 信号通路起到促进神经轴突再生,改善海马突触结构,减轻VaD大鼠认知功能障碍的作用.

Objective To visually analyze the literatures related to acupuncture treatment of aphasia after stroke. Methods The literatures on acupuncture treatment of aphasia after stroke was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure from January 1992 to May 2022 by computer. The number of articles published, authors, institutions, and keywords were analyzed visually by CiteSpace software. Results A total of 834 literatures were included, and the annual publication volume showed a curve rising trend, forming a high-yield team represented by Chang Jingling, Liu Jing, Hou Baoguo, etc. The group cooperation was mainly concentrated in the university of traditional Chinese medicine and its affiliated hospitals. The high-frequency keywords included acupuncture, stroke, aphasia, etc., and the aggregation of keywords was classified into 11 categories. According to the analysis of keyword emergence, the current research focus was language function, quality of life,etc. Conclusion The number of studies on acupuncture treatment of aphasia after stroke is increasing gradually, but the communication and cooperation between different regions need to be further strengthened. Speech function and quality of life are the current research trends.

Abstract Background Post-stroke depression(PSD) is one of the most common complications of stroke which affects recovery and quality of patients’ life adversely. PSD also is a significant source of burden for caregivers. Recently, the number of publications on PSD has been an increasing worldwide that means PSD has attracted more and more attention. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the publications on PSD is now required. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the research status, discover the hotspots and frontiers about PSD. Methods The publications’ raw data was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on September 19, 2022. Impact Factor (IF) and Journal Citation Reports (JCR) segments of the publications were obtained from the Web of Science website. Visualization analysis was performed on CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Results From 2012 to 2022, the number of citations and publications about PSD increased exponentially year by year. Finally, a total of 3268 publications related to PSD were identified. China (867) and the US (738) had the most publications; Capital Med Univ and Univ Melbourne were the most prolific institutions. Ungvari GS and Hackett ML were the most active authors and the most prolific and co-cited, respectively. Journal of stroke cerebrovascular diseases (131 articles) was the highest output. Among the 3268 publications, International journal of stroke had the most citations (43.9 times), Stroke has the most citations (2,990) and the highest H-index value. The citation burst for 8 co-cited references lasts until 2022. Finally, this paper divided the hot spots into four categories: cluster 1 (study on risk factors of PSD), cluster 2 (clinically relevant research on PSD), cluster 3 (mechanisms of PSD), and cluster 4 (the Treatment Study for PSD). Conclusion PSD research is one research main area worldwide. This work demonstrated the knowledge structure and the evolution of the PSD research field and predictdresearches trends through visual analysis. The study of clinical treatment and prevention of PSD will instead of the study of the mechanism in the future. This study provides reference for future research of PSD.

Objective To investigate the protective mechanism of Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription on nerve injury by improving brain iron metabolism in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI)based on ferroptosis.Methods A total of 72 SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,CIRI model group,Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription group(18.0 g·kg-1,gavage),ferroptosis inducer group(100 mg·kg-1,intraperitoneal injection),Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription(18.0 g·kg-1,gavage)+ ferroptosis inducer group(intraperitoneal injection)and ferroptosis inhibitor group(5 mg·kg-1,intraperitoneal injection),12 rats in each group.All the procedures adopted in the sham group were the same as those in the model group.But nylon thread was inserted into the internal carotid artery at a depth of 9 mm and un-plugged middle cerebral artery.The rest of the groups were used to construct middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion(MCAO/R)model by thread embolism method.Ferroptosis inducer(100 mg·kg-1)and ferroptosis inhibitor(5 mg·kg-1)were administered intraperitoneally to rats according to the grouping 24 hours before modeling.Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription(18.0 g·kg-1)was administered by gavage 2 hours after anesthesia and awakening.All intervention were given once daily for 7 consecutive days.The Longa scoring standard was used to evaluate the neurological deficit on 1,3,and 7 days after MCAO/R surgery,respectively.At the end of the treatment period,brain tissues were taken to observe the morphological changes of rat neurons in each group by hematoxylin eosin staining(HE).The ultrastructural changes of neuron mitochondria in each group were observed by transmission electron microscope.The biochemical kit was used to detect the content of iron ions(Fe2+)and reduced glutathione(GSH)in brain tissue.The protein and mRNA expressions of transferrin receptor 1(TFR1),iron regulatory protein 1(IRP1)and ferroportin(FPN)were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and Western Blot.Results① Compared with sham group,the neurological deficit scores of rats in model group increased at each time point(P＜0.01).HE staining showed neurons were sparse and disordered,the nuclei underwent pyknosis,and vacuoles appeared at the edges.Under electron microscopy,it was observed that the number of neuronal mitochondria decreased,the density of mitochondrial membranes increased,massive numbers of mitochondrial membranes ruptured and dissolved,and mitochondrial cristae disappeared.The content of Fe2+,both mRNA and protein expressions of TFR1 were significantly increased(P＜0.01),while GSH content,as well as expressions of mRNA and protein for IRP1 and FPN were significantly decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).② Compared with the model group,the neurological deficit scores of rats in the Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription group decreased at various time points(P＜0.05).The number of neurons increased,their arrangement was relatively neat,the morphology of the nucleus is complete and clear,the mitochondrial structure of neurons was relatively complete,the mitochondrial membrane was relatively intact,and the mitochondrial cristae were clear.The content of Fe2+,both mRNA and protein expressions of TFR1 were decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),while GSH content,as well as expressions of mRNA and protein for IRP1 and FPN increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).③ Compared with the Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription group,the neurological deficit scores of rats in ferroptosis inducer group and the Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription + ferroptosis inducer group increased at all time points(P＜0.05).Distribution of neurons was in disorder,the nucleus shrinked,and vacuoles appeared at the edges.The density of mitochondrial membranes increased,some ruptured and dissolved mitochondrial membranes were found.The number of mitochondria decreased and mitochondrial cristae disappeared.The content of Fe2+,both TFR1 mRNA and protein expression increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),while the content of GSH,as well as expressions of mRNA and protein for IRP1 and FPN decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).However,there was no statistically significant difference in all observed indicators between the ferroptosis inhibitor group and the Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Wenyang Fuyuan Prescription can improve the neurological function and pathological damage of CIRI rats.Its mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of IRP1 protein,improving the brain iron metabolism pathway,and inhibiting ferroptosis.

目的 基于CiteSpace软件对补阳还五汤相关的研究热点、前沿与趋势进行可视化分析.方法 检索中国知网数据库2011年1月至2021年4月发表的与补阳还五汤相关研究文献,并分别进行发文趋势、作者、机构、关键词共现、聚类等进行处理分析并绘制网络知识图谱,最终将可视化分析结果结合人工检索进行深入讨论.结果 共纳入相关文献4 163篇,近十年补阳还五汤相关文献发文量总体呈上升趋势;发文量最多的学者为张继平、蔡光先,其中蔡光先团队合作最为紧密.机构分析示以湖南中医药大学发文量最多.高频关键词有脑梗死、气虚血瘀、临床疗效、神经功能、血液流变学等,共形成脑梗死、特发性肺纤维化、细胞凋亡等聚类,近五年突现词主要为治疗效果、自噬、神经功能、缺血性脑卒中、运动功能、偏瘫等,近几年该领域研究热点主要为分子水平的机制干预与作用靶点研究.结论 补阳还五汤在临床中主要用于脑血管疾病、肺纤维化等多种疾病的防治,细胞生物、分子生物学等技术是该领域近年来的趋势,具有较大的研究潜力,应以中西结合为指导思想深入发掘其中潜在价值,更好地服务于临床.

Background:The standardized treatment of ischemic stroke (IS) with Shuanglu Tongnao Compound Recipe (SLTNCR) combined with Western medicine has improved the life quality and neurological function of patients and achieved a satisfactory clinical effect. However, the underlying mechanisms of SLTNCR in the treatment of IS remain unclear.Methods:A rat model of IS was prepared using Longa's wire bolus method. SLTNCR was administered by gavage with following doses: low dose, 7.16 g·kg-1; middle dose, 14.33 g·kg-1; high dose, 28.66 g·kg-1. The expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), etc., brain neuron damage, small intestine structure, and the structure of intestinal flora of rats in the high, medium, and low dose SLTNCR groups as well as the Injury + Clostridium butyricum and Injury + Edaravone groups were detected by 16SrRNA gene sequencing, western blot, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results:SLTNCR significantly reduced the brain water content, decreased the cerebral infarct size, and improved the neurological deficits, neuronal damage, small bowel tissue damage, and expression of inflammatory factors [B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), BCL2 associated agonist of cell death (Bad), cleaved-caspase-3] in brain tissue. SLTNCR administration significantly inhibited expressions of TLR4, NF-κB, and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB), and decreased phosphorylation levels of NF-κB and IκB in the small intestinal tissues of IS rats. Moreover, SLTNCR also significantly upregulated the expression of intestinal barrier function-related molecules [zona occludens 1 (ZO-1), occludin, claudin-5] and regulated the expression of colonic TLR4, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. SLTNCR can improve the symptoms of IS rats by improving brain and small intestinal function, particularly by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, apoptotic proteins, and inflammatory factors in brain tissue. Gut microbiota analysis helped to identify the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effects of SLTNCR on intestinal bacterial diversity and flora structure in IS rats.Conclusions:SLTNCR can alleviate symptoms of IS and the potential mechanism of its effect is to protect brain tissue by suppressing inflammation. SLTNCR can also alter the structure and diversity of the bacterial community in IS.

目的:运用数据挖掘技术分析理气温阳法治疗脾胃虚寒型胃痛的用药规律.方法:采用回顾性研究方法,收集2016年1月至2020年9月在广西中医药大学第一附属医院扶阳流派工作室门诊医案中脾胃虚寒型胃痛医案121则,提取其方药信息,并基于Microsoft Office Excel 2019和IBM SPSS Statistic 22.0软件建立方-证数据库.采用频次分析、聚类分析、关联规则分析和因子分析等方法,提取核心网络药物及药对,建立理气温阳法治疗脾胃虚寒型胃痛的数学模型.结果:纳入中药方剂199首,涉及中药76味,累计用药频数2677次.高频药物共26味,排前5位的是海螵蛸、砂仁、生姜、厚朴、白蔻仁;药物功效以化湿、理气、补虚为主;药性以温性药为主,其次为寒性药、平性药;药味以辛味药为主,其次为苦味药、甘味药;药物归经主要归脾、肺、胃经.聚类分析提取到2个药物组合;关联规则分析得到2味中药药对14对,3味中药药组3组,其中生姜、桂枝尖与其他药物关联性最高.结论:扶阳流派辨治脾胃虚寒型胃痛,临证常以扶正补虚为本,温通中上焦为要,如温阳佐以理气,或燥湿化痰以温阳行气,或理气和中以温阳止痛,或纳气补虚以温阳化阴.

This study used a metabolomic approach to reveal changes in the levels of metabolic biomarkers and related metabolic pathways before and after Zhuang Yao Shuang Lu Tong Nao granule (YHT) treatment in rats with cerebral ischemia. The neurological deficit scores were significantly higher in the MCAO_R group than in the NC group, indicating that the mice had significantly impaired motor functions. The YHT group had significantly lower scores than the MCAO_R group, suggesting that YHT significantly improved motor function in rats. TTC staining of the brain tissue revealed that YHT significantly reduced the area of cerebral infarction in the treated rats. The MCAO_R group was better separated from the NC rent, sham, and YHT groups via metabolomic PCA. Moreover, there were significant differences in the differential metabolites between the MACO_R and YHT groups. Eighteen common differential metabolites were detected between the MACO_R and NC groups, MACO_R and sham groups, and MACO_R and YHT groups, indicating that YHT significantly increased the levels of various metabolites in the serum of cerebral ischemic stroke (CIS) rats. Moreover, a total of 23 metabolic pathways were obtained. We identified 11 metabolic pathways with the most significant effects in the bubble plots. In conclusion, from a systems biology perspective, this metabolomics-based study showed that YHT could be used to treat ischemic stroke by modulating changes in endogenous metabolites.

过敏性鼻炎与肾脏密切相关.本文基于扶阳学说的理论框架,探究四逆法在治疗过敏性鼻炎中的作用,认为四逆法调护人体元阳是过敏性鼻炎的治本之道.

神经血管耦合(NVC)作为调节脑血流重要的机制,可根据脑活动需求及时输送氧气和营养物质以维持大脑内环境稳态.脑小血管在大脑的自动调节中起关键作用,其主要依赖于NVC的正常运行.NVC机制受损,可导致位于脑微循环终末端的小血管缺血缺氧,局部脑血流无法响应神经元信号传导,引起或加重脑小血管疾病甚至认知功能障碍、痴呆等.近年来,NVC因其在大脑脑血流的自动调节中起关键作用而受到广泛关注.因此,了解NVC在脑小血管病中的调节机制,对于阻止脑小血管病的进一步发展,改善脑缺血及认知功能障碍等方面具有重要意义,现就NVC在脑小血管病中作用的研究进展进行综述.

慢性荨麻疹是一种常见的皮肤病,目前西医对该病的发病机理尚未完全阐明,通过抗过敏治疗虽能控制症状,但仍反复发作.扶阳学派认为慢性荨麻疹的病机以阳虚为本,致内阳外阴本体结构异常,从而引发疾病产生.采用扶阳消阴之次第疗法,先以桂枝法温通中上焦,再温补下焦,最后固本培元,使人体阴阳本体结构恢复至"内阳外阴"状态,从而使疾病向愈.

Cerebral small vessel disease is a common neurological disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year worldwide. In recent years, research on cerebral small vessel disease has gained more and more attention. Our research aims to visualize publications to identify the hotspots and frontiers of cerebral small vessel disease research, and to provide reference and guidance for further research. Publications related to cerebral small vessel disease were searched from the Web of Science Core Collection and screened according to inclusion criteria. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 was used to evaluate and visualize results, including generating web maps and analyzing annual publications, countries, institutions, bibliographic and co-cited references, and keywords; in this article, we use CiteSpace and VOSviewer for the 2012 Cerebral small vessel disease and bibliometric analysis from January 1, 2022 to April 30, 2022. A total of 3037 papers related to cerebral small vessel disease were retrieved, and the number of published papers showed a steady upward trend. Among them, Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration, the most symbolic references in the field of cerebral small vessel disease have been cited a total of 438 times. Stroke is the most active journal (227 articles) and USA publishes up to 800 articles. Harvard Med SchUniv Edinburgh (133 papers) and Charidimou (85 papers) are the institutions and authors who have made the most contributions in this field, respectively. Among the keywords, most of them are related to the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease. After 2018, gut-brain axis and cortex are the keywords with the strongest number of cited outbreaks. There is increasing evidence that cerebral small vessel disease is a research frontier and may remain a research hotspot in the future.

人体生命活动由阴阳二气交感完成,在阴阳位置关系上,阳气相对在内,阴气相对在外,在此位置基础上,阳气向上向外的运动与阴气向下向内的运动实现阴阳交感,故认为中医诊察的核心是通过脉证发现患者内阳外阴结构下的阴阳位置异常或交感状态异常,中医治疗的核心是使人体阴阳恢复到原有的位置或正常的交感状态,并将中风患者的体质特点结合临床概述为"元阳不足"与"阳虚不化",提出以温通、潜阳为主的原则方向及"三焦次第"的治疗手段.

目的 探讨某高校应对新冠肺炎疫情的科学防控机制,为各高校应对突发重大疫情的防控提供借鉴.方法 对2020春季学期该校各项疫情防控措施进行回顾,分析各项防疫措施实施过程中存在问题及防控效果.结果 在新冠肺炎疫情早期该校及时构建了学校党政联席的新冠肺炎预防控制指挥部体系;迅速组织技术攻关建立"自我移动监测系统",稳步开展全校师生健康监测;采用"双绿码"健康审核制对师生返校前、返校中、返校后健康状况进行实时监测、评估和甄别,规避疫情输入风险;实行分区错峰返校,降低人群聚集风险;持续加强返校后师生健康服务与管理,督促严格遵守"一必"、"三勤"、"八不";科学规划课堂,实行错峰上课,减少聚集传播风险;加强公共区域环境卫生和清洁消毒;强化心理健康辅导,构筑心理健康防线.结论 通过以上严格的校园疫情防控措施,该校基本实现了"全校统辖,前移关口,外防输入,内防扩散,严防死守,保护健康"的阶段性目标,科学实施校园管理和防疫管控,能有效预防和遏制新冠肺炎在校园的传播.