In order to further curb the misuse of Deepfake audio technology, we proposed deep attention mechanism residual network (DAMRN) that can effectively detect forged audio. The network exhibits stable operation, low risk of gradient disappearance and gradient explosion, and high detection accuracy. The structure of proposed network mainly involves the following contents: Firstly, a data balancing strategy is adopted in the front end of the network so that the ratio of positive and negative samples in the data maintained proportional balance, which improves the network performance and reduces the overfitting phenomenon. This strategy has been effectively proven by the experiments in this article. Secondly, we compare the accuracy rates of different depths among the network models for Deepfake audio detection (DFAD), and select the network that best suits the depth of this article. Finally, we introduce an effective attention mechanism in the network structure appropriately to increase the network's sensitivity to forged speech artifact information. By obtaining the artifact information of the Deepfake audio, the network model can learn more falsification frequency features that can effectively distinguish between spoofed and bonafide audio, and the accuracy has been improved to 99.81%, with the EER reduced to 0.69%, compared to the baseline system. Experiments are conducted using three acoustic features (MFCC, LFCC, GFCC) extracted from two mainstream datasets (ASVspoof2019LA, ASVspoof2021DF) respectively, and the results show that the best EER value of the method proposed in this paper is 0.32%, which is a better performance compared with other mainstream models.

通过对近年来国际体育仲裁院所审理的兴奋剂案件的梳理发现,在适用新的《世界反兴奋剂条例》的过程中,国际体育仲裁庭出现了不同于以往的,明显的意欲减轻被指控兴奋违规的运动员主观过错推定的抗辩负担的趋势.具体表现在以下几个问题上:创造性地解释"优势证明标准"以减轻运动员的证明责任;适用民法上的"委托理论",使运动员仅对其在选任和授权第三人负责其反兴奋剂事务时的过错负责;加重反兴奋剂机构的通知义务,减轻运动员的认知责任等.尽管如此,运动员过错抗辩负担依然沉重,需要进一步平衡反兴奋剂机构和运动员的权利义务.

性别少数群体的参赛资格问题对传统的二元制体育比赛规则提出了挑战,冲击原有的体育管理秩序.冲突的实质实为体育内在价值和外在价值的冲突.通过比较基于体育内在价值和体育外在价值两种不同的视角所提出的不同解决方案的优缺点,分析其中的利益冲突和价值平衡问题,提出此问题实体价值均衡的困难性.建议尝试程序法的视角,通过制定科学、公平的程序,成立内外结合的独立参赛资格审查委员会,注意决策过程的程序正义,以不侵害健康的方式调整比赛规则,通过充分的程序参与和程序选择实现运动员权益保护.

欧盟《通用数据保护条例》对反兴奋剂领域的个人信息保护规则产生了很大的影响,迫使世界反兴奋剂机构做出法律改革,但依然存在许多争议.最引入注目的是反兴奋剂信息处理的合法性问题,是否要在反兴奋剂领域引入被遗忘权和数据可携带权问题,反兴奋剂信息的跨境传输问题.只有厘清反兴奋剂领域自治与法治的关系,才能找到解决上述问题的正确路径.在反兴奋剂领域,应当进一步提高个人信息的保护标准,以必要性原则对反兴奋剂机构的信息处理和跨境传输做出限制,同时引入被遗忘权和数据可携带权,加强对信息主体的法律保护.

民事再审证明程序以当事人与法官在民事再审证明活动中的作用分担为基本构架,它支撑着整个民事再审司法证明的发展路径.作为民事再审证据法律关系中最重要的主体——当事人与法官,两者对于证明程序控制权限的博弈是我们必须予以重点关注的.本文通过分析民事再审证明程序中二元主体博弈的本质规律,归纳出当事人主体地位逐步形成、权力本位向规制权力、保障权利的转变以及当事人与法官之间制约与协同的不断强化等演变特征,为全面完善我国民事再审证明程序机制做出了有益的探讨与尝试.

现行《诉讼费用交纳办法》中关于再审案件诉讼费用制度的规定,存在收费范围的规定过于狭窄、费用负担规则的确立僵化等问题,加之司法实践中有关再审案件受理费的承担方式各行其道,使得有关再审案件受理费的法律条文及制度设计已经无法与我国目前民事再审程序运行现状相匹配.为保证民事再审真正发挥其应有功能,在准确定位再审之诉及合理落实司法有偿原则的基础上,应当按照再审事由的区别及程序类型的不同,对收费范围进行了重新划分,并确立以败诉方负担为主兼顾考虑过错因素的再审案件诉讼费用负担规则,使当事人再审诉权得以理性主张、当事人无理缠诉得以尽量减少.

《犯罪情报学》课程主要培养公安专业学生情报素养和情报意识,使其熟练掌握搜集、整理、表述、存储、检索、分析研判与应用犯罪情报的基本技能.《犯罪情报学》课程教学应坚持"以学生学习成果为导向"教学理念,强调以学生为中心,建立学生自我导向学习的教学策略,重视学生个别性、自主性及自我学习性;强调以学习者在未来公安实务中可能遇到的问题为学习的起始,收集、分析相关资料,运用已知和寻求到的新知进行整合,进而解决问题,全方位提升学习者综合应用情报能力.

因俄罗斯运动员大规模系统性使用兴奋剂事件,各国际体育组织对俄罗斯相应的体育组织进行了不同程度的处罚,对这类处罚的申诉,国际体育仲裁院表现出对各国际体育组织自治权的充分尊重,但对国际残奥会处罚的处理却有违比例原则.研究认为,在因系统性使用兴奋剂给予体育组织团体处罚时,在个人参赛资格例外条款的设置上,应采取更灵活、更能有效保障运动员个人权益的做法,只要由运动员提供充分的证据证明自己未使用兴奋剂即可.这次事件提示国际体育组织应给予举报人充分的权益保障、改革对运动员辅助人员和所在团队的处罚措施、完善样本分析前程序的质量管理制度、改革反兴奋剂机构的管理体制.

在信息化大背景下,为顺应公安实战需求以及现代教育的发展潮流,《犯罪情报学》课程教学应引导学生进行批判性思考,强调以学生为中心,坚持批判性思考教学应掌握的基本原则,从授课教师教学知识、能力、态度及如何提高学生学习效果等四个层面来全面探讨怎样将批判性思考科学合理地融入《犯罪情报学》课程教学.

建立在对兴奋剂检测科学充分信赖基础上的世界反兴奋剂体系,随着反兴奋剂形势和检测科学的复杂化,暴露出来的问题越来越多.反兴奋剂规则近年来通过加强报告阳性检测结果前的调查程序、放开对检测方法和检测决定限的司法审查、重视兴奋剂调查的作用等措施,来强化对兴奋剂检测科学的控制.但在一些关键性的问题上,现在的反兴奋剂规则依然没有突破传统的法律思维,通过基于对兴奋剂检测科学充分信赖的逃避机制、协调机制、管控机制来解决科学困境,在出现事实不清、真伪不明的状态下,会做出对运动员不利的推定.这对运动员并不公平,有必要采取措施消减因科学信赖给运动员造成的不利影响.随着阳性检测结果的证明力的下降,被指控兴奋剂违纪的清白的运动员,也应积极地采取各种措施,从科学上应对不利指控.

在民事证明程序主体实施控制行为的过程中,摩擦与矛盾相伴而生,作为主体预先设定的理想目标,目的成为了实现均衡与圆融的基本前提.基于主体证明需求层次的多样化、类型的差异性,发现真实、公正、效益、安定、秩序等多元化目的之间无法保持绝对的一致,我们只有在多元化目的和谐统一的基础上,实现合规律性与合目的性的协调、公共利益与个人利益的协调、兼顾多样与突出重点的协调以及择优与代价的协调,才能真正达成民事证明程序控制冲突的平衡.

案件质量评估是一项具有中国特色的监督管理制度,服务于特定时期的工作大局,有效激励全国法院对社会公平与正义的追求,从而为实现法院“公正与效率”的价值目标提供相应的指引和导向.法官教育培训作为直接服务于法院审判工作的职业教育,是提高法官职业化和精英化的重要途径,法官素质的全面提高与司法能力的强化与其发展程度紧密关联.因此,案件质量评估制度与法官教育培训工作具有内生关联性,在目前案件质量评估制度改革深化的大背景下,法官教育培训体系在主体、内容、方式以及结果运用等方面存在诸多亟待完善之处.

党的十八大报告关于“加强和改进思想政治工作、注重人文关怀和心理疏导,培育自尊自信、理性平和、积极向上的社会心态”指示精神的提出,彰显了我党以人为本的执政理念,明确了大学生思想政治教育创新方向,开创了大学生思想政治教育新局面.通过对国内大学生思想政治教育中人文关怀缺失情况进行深入考察;并广泛借鉴国外发达国家先进经验;立足基本国情,提出了落实渗透式教育、强化大学生实践能力以及推进思想政治教育合力等解决路径.

案件质量评估是非常有中国特色的一项监督管理制度。通过案件质量评估制度来强化监督是在放权和监督之间的一个很好的平衡点。案件质量评估制度是实现法院"公正与效率"的导向体系,是督促全国法院最大限度内实现社会公平与正义的一种有效激励机制。

With the advancement of democracy and the rule of law,petition relating to litigation has become a focus which is the common concerns of society.It has become a challenge which administrations of justice of the people's courts at different levels are facing.Improving the complaint of working mechanisms and resolving the dilemma which related to appeals are the important tasks in building a socialist harmonious society.The article deals with the current complaint system and related legal philosophy,analyzes the logical relationship between the system and raises solid theoretical foundations and clear rule basis so as to establish the terminating appeal system.Through the selective analysis of the main problems which are facing the terminating appeal mechanism operation,supplying references to the construction of scientific and reasonable terminating appeal system,it will provide the policy recommendations to the courts and establish the terminating appeal mechanisms conforming to the actual work.

The civil judicial proof is proved that the proof subject is collecting,examining,judging and using evidence,confirming case fact,achieves the activity which in order to the subject and the object,subjective and objective,the knowledge and the practice unify.Throughout the process of judical proof,we should implementing the value choice of basic standpoint at all times.The goal of the civil judical proof has reflected the polytropism and the relativity of value orientation in the modern civil litigation,which is proved the proof subject pursuing the value goal of the most concentrated expression.The civil judical proof activity has proved that the essential strength of the proof subject,reflected the different demand of civil proof subject,meet the demands of these forming the multi-dimension of value orientation,such as freedom,order,justice,efficiency,stability and so on.Gathers the regularity with to gather the sense of purpose unification,the public interest with the personal interest unification,the proper attention to both diverse and the target key points unification,and according to qualification with the price unification should become the basic principles in value trade-off and selection of our country civil judical proof activity.

执行收费制度关系到法院的正常运转,关系到当事人诉权的行使和权利的实现。对于执行收费制度,目前我国理论界认识不清、研究不多;实践中立法相当欠缺,仅有的规定也不明确具体,执行起来随意性很大。我们必须以充分保护申请执行人(债权人)权利的实现、实现国家负担与个人负担的合理平衡为指导理念,坚持先执行、后收费和保护债权人利益两大原则,不断改革和完善我国的执行收费制度。

In order to maintain legal order of civil action so as to achieve the purpose of civil action,there should be use of comprehensive legal obligation system which contains both procedure of sanctions and entity of sanctions to be adjusted and standardized.China's legal obligation system of civil action has been evolving and has its own features,but the legal system still has many shortcomings.We should follow the guidance of the scientific concept of the legislation and through a variety of legislative activities to improve them.