Animal genetic resources are crucial for ensuring global food security. However, in recent years, a noticeable decline in the genetic diversity of livestock has occurred worldwide. This decline is pronounced in developing countries, where the management of these resources is insufficient. In the current study, we performed whole genome sequencing for 20 Wuxue (WX) and five Guizhou White (GW) goats. Additionally, we utilized the published genomes of 131 samples representing five different goat breeds from various regions in China. We investigated and compared the genetic diversity and selection signatures of WX goats. Whole genome sequencing analysis of the WX and GW populations yielded 120 425 063 SNPs, which resided primarily in intergenic and intron regions. Population genetic structure revealed that WX exhibited genetic resemblance to GW, Chengdu Brown, and Jintang Black and significant differentiation from the other goat breeds. In addition, three methods (nucleotide diversity, linkage disequilibrium decay, and runs of homozygosity) showed moderate genetic diversity in WX goats. We used nucleotide diversity and composite likelihood ratio methods to identify within-breed signatures of positive selection in WX goats. A total of 369 genes were identified using both detection methods, including genes related to reproduction (GRID2, ZNF276, TCF25, and SPIRE2), growth (HMGA2 and GJA3), and immunity (IRF3 and SRSF3). Overall, this study explored the adaptability of WX goats, shedding light on their genetic richness and potential to thrive in challenges posed by climatic changes and diseases. Further investigations are warranted to harness these insights to enhance more efficient and sustainable goat breeding initiatives.

为了搞好山区黄牛品种改良工作,提高黄牛养殖经济效益,笔者深入龙山县,对山区养殖场和养殖现状进行调查,并分析当前存在的问题及应对措施,提出了笔者的见解,谨供读者参考.

湘西黄牛是湖南省一个优良地方黄牛品种资源,作者从湘西黄牛种质资源现状,分析了当前湘西黄牛保种及发展中存在的问题,并提出了建议,旨在为湘西黄牛保种选育及发展方向提供借鉴和参考.

布鲁氏菌病是由布氏杆菌引起的一种人畜共患慢性传染病,文章对湘西自治州凤凰县内一起牛布鲁氏菌病疫情的发生情况、流行病学调查、症状表现、检测监测、疫情处置措施等进行介绍.

收集某湘西黑猪场2015年9月至2018年12月共40个月配种分娩数据2493组,用Excel进行分析.结果 表明:该模式下,不同配种方式(A、N、AN、NN、AAA等)对湘西黑猪胎均活仔数差异不显著(P＞0.05);配种次数(1～3次)对湘西黑猪胎均活仔数差异不显著(P＞0.05);不同配种员对湘西黑猪胎均活仔数有影响,但差异不显著(P＞0.05);不同湘西黑猪公猪人工授精对胎均活仔数差异不显著(P＞0.05);不同湘西黑猪母猪胎均活仔数差异不显著(P＞0.05);胎均活仔逐胎增加,4胎达最高,然后回落.

为提高农户养殖地方猪的经济效益,助力精准扶贫,笔者以湘西黑猪为例从仔猪初生重入手,阐述其对养殖效益的重要性,分析影响原因,提出提高措施.

为进一步了解湘西州湘西黑猪产业发展情况,笔者对全州黑猪养殖现状进行调研,通过结果分析,从养殖现状、特点,分析存在的问题及原因,并提出建议.

为了研究不同水平萎鼻、喘气、副猪灭活疫苗及药物组合对湘西黑猪生长性能及呼吸道疾病发病率、死亡率影响,试验随机挑选32头母猪及其分娩仔猪,通过发病率、死亡率、日增重、料肉比,比较不同水平疫苗组合方式及药物添加对湘西黑猪发病率、死亡率及生长性能影响.结果表明:25日龄2次免疫喘气苗、1次副猪苗,保育添加药物(80mg/kg多西环素+1 00mg/kg酒石酸泰乐菌素+100mg/kg磺胺二甲粉)显著降低湘西黑猪呼吸道疾病发病率、死亡率,提高日增重和料肉比.试验表明,疫苗免疫与药物添加对提高目前湘西黑猪生产性能,降低发病率、死亡率效果显著.

青贮是贮藏和调制饲料的一种方法.青贮饲料就是把新鲜的青饲料填入密闭的青贮窖里,经过微生物发酵作用而调制成一种多汁、具有特殊气味、营养丰富、耐贮藏、可供冬季(春季或全年)饲喂家畜的多汁饲料.

2014年1月20日,接到凤凰县腊尔山镇某一牛场报告:该牛场有一头2岁左右的湘西黄牛卧地不起,经当地兽医治疗未见好转,请求诊治.当即赶到现场,通过调查诊断,初步诊断为酒糟中毒,但未来得及采取措施,病牛死亡,现将具体情况总结交流如下. 1 现场调查 牛场是当年建设,当年使用,全部饲养本地(湘西)黄牛100头,饲养方式;平时以放牧为主,进入冬季枯草季节后改为舍饲已2个多月,主要以酒糟、玉米、豆粕、稻草等为主,日喂2餐,酒糟为酿白酒后的高粱和谷壳混合物.

本文分类介绍了临床上常见的抗病毒类药物,阐述其作用机制与应用中存在的问题。抗病毒药物在临床上的合理应用,是保证畜牧业健康发展的重要因素,通过临床在抗病毒药物使用中存在问题的分析,对提高临床治疗效果有着积极的作用。