[目的]筛选适宜泸州生态环境的优质抗青枯病烤烟新品种(系).[方法]以云烟87为对照,对新引抗青枯病品种(系)安烟2号、AH6504、AH1006、2014-502、AH9107进行了田间比较试验.[结果]AH9107中部原烟感官质量较好,化学成分协调,主要经济性状优于对照品种云烟87;安烟2号、AH6504、AH1006、AH9107对青枯病和黑胫病的抗性优于云烟87,综合性状与云烟87表现较好或与之相当,2014-502靶斑病严重,综合表现较对照差.[结论]AH9107可作为后备新品系在泸州烟区青枯病多发区进行示范,安烟2号、AH6504、AH1006可选择性在其他烟区进一步试验观察.

随着工业企业对原料需求结构的提升,烟叶供需矛盾越来越突出,提高工商交接烟叶等级质量是提升对工业需求满意度,促进产区发展的必由之路.通过对工商交接烟叶等级质量存在的问题进行分析,提出加强工商深度融合,深化"工商协同"管理,加强分级技能的培训,联合制作新烟样品,规范收购管理,精益仓储备货,达到提升工商交接烟叶等级质量的目的.

为了明确四川雪茄烟叶的品质特点,分析了四川省达州万源、德阳什邡不同品种雪茄烟叶的物理特性、化学成分和中性致香成分含量,并与印尼雪茄烟叶进行了比较。结果表明,不同产区、不同品种烟叶理化成分和致香物质含量有差异。茄芯品种GW-3的单叶重较高,含梗率较大,拉力较高,化学成分含量与其它两个茄衣品种差异不大。品种GH-1质体色素降解产物总量较高,品种GW-3的新植二烯、茄酮、苯丙氨酸转化产物含量较高,品种GH-1中性致香物质总含量略高于GH-2。各品种上部叶的大部分质致香物质及其总量高于中部叶。与印尼雪茄烟叶相比,四川烟叶偏厚,总植物碱含量偏高,氯含量低,氮碱比低,质体色素降解产物含量较低。万源雪茄烟叶的茄酮含量、非酶棕化反应产物总含量、苯丙氨酸转化产物含量较高,质体色素降解产物总量也高于什邡烟叶。

为选育优质丰产的白肋烟适宜品种应用于生产,四川省达州市烟草公司烟草科研所以MSKy14为母本、达所26为父本育成白肋烟F1代杂交种达白1号,并于2004年通过全国烟草品种审定委员会审定.达白1号打顶株高121.6 cm,有效叶22片,大田生育期92 d;高抗TMV,中抗CMV和根结线虫病,抗黑胫病,高感赤星病;产量、产值高;烟叶外观质量一般,物理特性较好,化学成分含量基本适宜,感官质量中偏上,工业可用性较强,烟碱转化率低.适宜中低海拔烟区种植,2004-2013年四川省白肋烟烟区累计推广种植35200 hm2,社会经济效益显著.

In order to study the ecological conditions and quality of flue-cured tobacco in Daxian tobacco-growing areas in Sichuan Province, the climate factors, tobacco-plant soil nutrient status and the quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves were analyzed. Results showed that:the climate of Daxian tobacco-growing areas was humid subtropical monsoon, which had high temperature, sufficient precipitation and air humidity. The soil nutrient status was suitable for tobacco growing, the areas had medium organic matter content, rich or appropriate content of most nutrients, but low content of phosphorus and potassium, and insufficient zinc and boron. The physical characteristics and chemical compositions of flue-cured tobacco in these areas were good, and the sensory quality for smoking was well. The study indicated that the ecological conditions in Daxian were suitable for tobacco growing.

[Objective] The purpose was to study the effect of different light intensity on the growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco and provide the scientific basis for breeding the reasonable plant type,determining the appropriate planting density and the relationship between quality of flue-cured tobacco and ecology.[Method] In the pot experiment,with Yunyan 85 as tested cultivar,the shade nets were used to build different light environments as covering 1 layer shade net and light transmission about 50% and covering 2 layer shade nets and light transmission about 25% so as to study the effect of shading on leaf structure,photosynthetic characters and neutral aroma components.[Result] With the enhanced shading degree,the thickness,photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate and stomata conductance of flue-cured tobacco leaves were decreased,but the intercellular CO2 concentration and the neutral aroma components in cured tobacco leaves were increased.The flavor matter was mostly secondary metabolites in leaf of tobacco and the light had an important regulatory effect on plant secondary metabolites.[Conclusion] Shading had changed the light condition for flue-cured tobacco growth,thereby affected the physiological metabolism in vivo and generation of secondary metabolites of the tobacco plant.