阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD) 是一种年龄相关的、以认知功能和行为能力进行性损害为特征的神经系统退行性病变.随着人口老龄化进程,痴呆的发生率日益升高,AD 性痴呆约占痴呆总数的50％～70％.目前,全球约有2400 万AD 病人,而预计2050年,该人数将高达1 亿人[1].

目的 通过对阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者血脂和甲状腺激素的检测,探究血脂和甲状腺激素与AD的关系,为AD的防治提供理论依据.方法 选取2016年9月至2017年12月盛京医院住院的101例AD患者为病例组,选取同期健康体检者107例作为对照组,对所有受试者进行简易智能量表、老年人抑郁量表、Hachinski缺血量表评定,抽取晨起空腹血送检,检测其血清甘油三酯、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B、促甲状腺激素及游离甲状腺激素含量.比较两组的上述指标差异.结果 AD组的甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白B含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);AD组的血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)水平显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白B水平的升高及甲状腺激素水平的降低与AD的发生有关.血脂代谢及甲状腺功能异常是AD发生的重要危险因素.

Objective To investigate the current situation of physical activity levels and the quality of life among medical students , and their relationship .Methods Random cluster sampling was used to collect the data of 660 subjects using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short vision and the abbreviated version of the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire .Results Among the 660 val-id questionnaires,58 cases(8.8%)were lack of physical activity,348 cases(52.7%)were moderate physical activity and 254 cases’ (38.5%)physical activity was active.To the female group,school record(G=0.090,P<0.05),father's cultural degree(G=0.095,P<0.05),mather's cultural degree(G=0.118,P<0.05),illnesses(χ2 =9.510,P<0.05)and daily sitting time(H=7.705,P<0.05) impacted on the level of physical activity significantly .The domains of psychological health ,social relations and surrounding environment were higher than the national adult norm .Moderate physical activity was a protective factor of physical health , the odd ratio ( OR ) was 1.89,and its 95 %CI was(1.03,3.39).Conclusion The majority of the students'physical activity levels is moderate or active ,the score of survival quality of medical students is higher .The level of physical activity among medical students is influenced by many fac-tors,and lack of physical activity may reduce the quality of life ,especially the domain of physical health .

广泛存在于组织细胞中的主要组织相容性复合体(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)编码的分子能与经抗原呈递细胞(antigen-presenting cell,APC)加工处理后的抗原肽结合成为激活相应细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)的始动信号之一.鉴于MHC的结构十分复杂,抗原呈递处理的机制仍有许多不明确.以往人们认为MHC-Ⅰ类分子只呈递内源性抗原肽并激活相应的CD8+T细胞转化为致敏的CTL发挥细胞毒性作用.