针对铁路货车轮轴检修过程中，在轮对镶入部进行超声波探伤检测时，采用不同角度探头在标准半轴实物试块上和实物缺陷轮对上同时进行对比试验和验证，结合轮对疲劳裂纹发生机理和主要部位，比较不同探头角度对同一缺陷探伤灵敏度的变化，提出为了更好控制疲劳裂纹缺陷建议采取的措施及方法。

In this work,based on different inspection standards for the same internal defects of a certain type of axle,two different results are brought out.In order to find the fact of the defect,a common A-mode ultrasonic flaw detector are used to analyse the axle,while according to the axle manufacturer's inspection standard it is found to be qualified,but according to the axle user's standard it is unqualified.In addition,with the purpose of getting more visual identification,analysis and determination of the internal flaw,the advanced ultrasonic phased array inspection technology is performed further on the above-mentioned workpiece,which shows the advantage of the new technology in result display and determination,and the importance of the relationship between flaw direction and detection direction.

在铁路货车制造中,中梁制造占有非常重要的地位.通常都以中梁为组装基准,在底架组装胎上完成底架的组装,因此,中梁制造状态对底架组成状态影响极大.如底架落车后,车体摇晃、车辆倾斜超限等问题,就与中梁心盘面扭翘有直接关系.为保证车辆运用状态,铁标中对落车后心盘与检验平台的间隙提出了严格的要求.而对于平车,中梁结构刚度一般都很大,一旦出现扭翘,调修很困难.因此,分析平车中梁心盘扭翘的原因,采取防范措施,探讨对已出现扭翘的中梁的有效调修方法就十分必要.

ZK3型转向架是由株洲车辆厂开发设计的焊接一体式120 km/h快速货运转向架.为适应集装箱快速运输的要求,ZK3型转向架首先用于X1K型集装箱快运平车上.目前,ZK3型转向架主要由株辆厂和北京二七车辆厂共同生产,其一体式构架是生产的难点和关键.