介绍铁路车辆制动管系法兰用C形组合密封圈的研制背景、技术方案、试验验证及装车运用考验情况.试验及装车运用考验结果表明:C形组合密封圈可与既有制动管系密封圈互换使用,减少目前铁路车辆制动管系法兰接头低温漏泄的故障.

为了保证铁路货车重载车轴的制造质量,现场对重载车轴实施径向探伤检测;结合超声波探伤原理,针对车轴径向探伤的特点,重点介绍了对材质为LZ45CrV的RF2型重载车轴,进行径向超声波探伤检测时,检测过程中存在的技术和操作上的主要技术难点等问题,以及如何为克服上述技术问题所采取的现场检测控制方法及主要事项等工艺手段.

针对铁路货车轮轴检修过程中，在轮对镶入部进行超声波探伤检测时，采用不同角度探头在标准半轴实物试块上和实物缺陷轮对上同时进行对比试验和验证，结合轮对疲劳裂纹发生机理和主要部位，比较不同探头角度对同一缺陷探伤灵敏度的变化，提出为了更好控制疲劳裂纹缺陷建议采取的措施及方法。

According to the structure characteristics of butt-jointed seam of the railway wagon cross brace end socket,the paper introduces how to choice a target-oriented detector,a test block with a proper sensitivity,a proper probe type and so forth in ultrasonic detection applied to a butt-jointed seam. It also puts forward measures ensuring detection accuracy in view of main detect types during detection.

In this work,based on different inspection standards for the same internal defects of a certain type of axle,two different results are brought out.In order to find the fact of the defect,a common A-mode ultrasonic flaw detector are used to analyse the axle,while according to the axle manufacturer's inspection standard it is found to be qualified,but according to the axle user's standard it is unqualified.In addition,with the purpose of getting more visual identification,analysis and determination of the internal flaw,the advanced ultrasonic phased array inspection technology is performed further on the above-mentioned workpiece,which shows the advantage of the new technology in result display and determination,and the importance of the relationship between flaw direction and detection direction.

介绍了国内外铁路车轮补焊方法.俄罗斯主要采用实芯焊丝、双丝埋弧焊方法,应用较为广泛;英国采用自保护药芯焊丝;瑞典以埋弧焊方法为主,补焊设备的自动化程度均较高.我国目前一些厂家采用单丝埋弧焊,焊丝为H08A,不预热补焊.将来宜采用药芯焊丝、埋弧焊方法,预热补焊铁路车轮.

通过对高强度耐候钢焊接性分析,采用与之匹配的焊接材料,对高强度耐候钢与不同钢种间焊接接头进行低温抗裂性、力学性能、耐大气腐蚀性能和焊接工艺性等进行试验,并对焊接接头金相组织进行分析,提出了高强度耐候钢焊接工艺及适宜的焊接材料.