目的 研究接触语频噪声对热线电话女性客服人员健康的影响,并提出针对性的防护建议.方法 2017-2019年,对某国有企业人工热线电话岗位工作场所噪声声级进行检测与评价;选择该热线电话岗位60名接触语频噪声的女性客服人员作为接触组,该企业不接触职业病危害因素的60名女性文职人员作为对照组,对两组人员进行职业健康检查,并对结果进行分析.结果 接触组工作场所中噪声声级LEX,8h为55.3～78.6 dB(A),主要集中在500～3 000 Hz;耳机内噪声声级为(62.7～88.9)dB(A),主要集中在500～2 000 Hz,属于非稳态的语频噪声.接触组人员自述乏力、记忆力减退、食欲不振、全身酸痛、入睡困难、听觉迟钝、月经紊乱症状的检出率高于对照组(P＜0.01或P＜ 0.05).接触组高频听阈提高、语频听阈提高、听力下降检出率均高于对照组(P＜ 0.01).接触组工人窦性心动过缓、窦性心律不齐、ST-T改变和心电图异常的检出率均高于对照组(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).接触组低血压、血压异常、血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)和血脂异常检出率均高于对照组(P＜ 0.01或P＜0.05).随着工龄增加,接触组听力下降检出率、低血压检出率有增加的趋势(P＜ 0.05).结论 长期接触语频噪声对热线电话女性客服人员可造成以高频听阈提高为主的听力下降和以神经衰弱综合征为主的自觉症状,其心电图、血压、血脂异常检出率均高于正常人群.接触语频噪声的劳动者应注意加强个人防护.

Objective To investigate the significance of speech recognition threshold( SRT) as an routine test in the diagnosis of occupational noise induced hearing loss. Methods Combination audiological evaluation including SRT was performed on 103 patients who suspected occupational noise induced hearing loss.Then the findings of SRT were assessed by that of combination audiological evaluation. Results In diagnosing occupational noise induced deafness,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of SRT in diagnosing simulated deafness was 82%,93% and 89% respectively. Conclusions Speech recognition threshold is a simple and effective testing method,and it may be popularized application in the diagnosis of occupational noise induced hearing loss.

目的 探讨温馨护理在职业健康检查中的作用.方法 在职业健康体检流程中实施温馨护理前后,分别以自制问卷调查的形式调查200例体检顾客的满意度.结果 观察组对护士服务态度、护士操作技能、体检流程、体检环境的满意度分别为97.5％、95％、94％、93％,对照组的满意度分别为80％、84％、76％、81％.结论 实施温馨护理有效提高了体检顾客对职业健康体检的满意度.

目的 了解现场职业健康检查工作中护士的压力源,探讨减轻护士压力的应对措施.方法 采用自行设计问卷调查80名现场职业健康检查护士的压力源.结果 问卷调查80名现场职业健康检查护士,其中高度压力组30人(37.5％),中度压力组35人(43.8％),低度压力组15人(18.7％);主要压力源来自于工作环境及仪器设备问题、时间分配及工作量问题和护理专业及工作方面问题等;＜5年工龄的护士在工作环境及仪器设备问题、护理专业及工作方面问题及体检客户方面的问题得分最高,＞10年工龄的护士在时间分配及工作量问题得分最高,5 ～ 10年工龄的护士在管理及人际关系方面的问题得分最高.结论 检查机构可通过改善现场职业健康检查的工作环境、实行人性化的管理及提高护士自身的抗压能力等措施,减轻现场职业健康检查护士的压力.

[Objective]To investigate the effect of psychological nursing in pure tone audiometry for occupational health examination. [Methods]Forty-six cases who were diagnosed as observed object or occupational noise induced deafness by the first pure tone audiometry were enrolled in this study.The patients were tested by pure tone audiometry 1 time before and after psychological nursing. [Results] According to the regulations of GBZ 49-2007,the result of pure tone audiometry showed that 46 cases(100%) needed to recall for reexamination before psychological nursing;and 32 cases 69.57%)needed to recall for reexamination,14(30.43%) did not need after psychological nursing. [Conclusion]The results of the psychological nursing in pure tone audiometry for occupational health examination indicate that this approach can decrease the cases of simulated deafness and exaggerated hearing loss,reduce the rate of recall for reexamination and protect lawful benefits of the laborers.

改革开放近30年来,经济高速发展,大量劳务工人(旧称农民工)为此做出了不可磨灭的贡献,但是他们的生存状况并不令人满意.