医学课程体系的整合是培养21世纪复合型医学人才的必由之路.2013年以来,安徽医科大学开始了五年制临床医学专业整合课程的教学改革试点,其中生物化学与分子生物学和细胞生物学被整合为生命的化学.整合课程在实施过程中组织了跨学科教学团队,在原有生物化学和细胞生物学整合的基础上添加了原生理学中细胞的生物电专业知识,创新了教学内容,贯彻了以学生为中心和自主学习的教学理念;逐渐摸索建立了形成性评价体系进行课程考核和成绩评定,取得了较好的教学效果.

基于目前高校青年教师教学能力薄弱的现状,通过名师工作室平台,开展了示范教学、说课评课、听课反思、教学讲座、教改活动、参加比赛及学术交流等一系列教学学术活动.探讨并实践青年教师教学能力培养的渠道,以期为提升青年教师教学能力助力,为提高教学质量提供支撑和保障.

教学基本功比赛一直被视为青年教师教学水平竞技和教学心得交流的成长平台,也是考量学校教学质量和教学效果的一个参考依据.本文结合指导本校青年教师参加各层次教学基本功竞赛的得与失,对如何做好课堂教学整体设计、如何优化教学策略、如何融入教育新理念以及青年教师教学比赛终极目标等等进行了论述.以期与大家分享作者所在工作室指导青年教师参赛的经历和体会,共同助力青年教师教学能力的提升.

The current curriculum system of medical education is mostly set up according to subjects in our country, which is deviated from the actual needs of medical work and difficult to cultivate students' skills to analyze and solve problems in clinical work. To opti-mize the training goals and teaching content, a course integration system of basic medicine was constructed, using the human organ sys-tem as the main line, diseases as a guide, and modules of organ system as the center of integration. It contains 12 system modules with full coverage of the core teaching content and basic principles and meanwhile avoids the overlapping of teaching content.

Computer supported colaborative learning(CSCL)is one of the major research fields in modern educational technology.Informational and multimedia techiques affected medical Education in university deeply.Virual experimental teaching played an important role as the Complement of the traditional experimental education. Students can see into micromechanism of biochemical experiments, and the course of life science ;grasp multi-knowledge better. Futhermore it is an added impulse to the development.

Biochemistry and molecular biology is one of the most important professional basic courses for students in medical universities.This paper,taking the Nobel Prize in medicine or physiology and chemistry in recent 20 years as an example,illuminates that biochemistry and molecular biology is the forefront of biomedical science field.The biochemistry and molecular biology teachers in teaching have responsibilities to train creative thinking of students and to cultivate innovative talents of high level in biomedical science.The article discusses the methods about the education of creative science in teaching of biochemistry and molecular biology in medical universities,which include training teachers' innovation awareness,stimulating students'learning interest in biochemistry and molecular biology,building innovative teaching models and strengthening creative experiment or practice teaching.

Biochemistry and molecular biology is one of the most important professional basic courses for students in medical universities.Constructing scientific teaching quality control system for biochemistry and molecular biology is essential for improving its teaching quality.This paper discussed on some principles needed to be followed in constructing the teaching quality control system for biochemistry and molecular biology in medical universities and elucidated the three leveled frame of this system including university,college and department.This paper also illuminated on the main contents,implementation,organization system,evaluation system and incentive measures of this teaching quality control system. Key words: Biochemistry and molecular biology; Teaching; Quality control; System; Method

Objective To induce experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis(EAMG) in Lewis rats using human AChR α-subunit 1-210(hAchR α1-210) obtained by cloning and expression technique. Methods hAChR α1-210 cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR and expressed in E coli.The target protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The experimental group was intradermally injected by the fusion protein emulsified in CFA and boosted,and the control group was injected by the expressed product of empty plasmid.The clinical manifestation was evaluated by measuring the body weight and Lennon clinical score. Disease was further confirmed by low frequency repetitive nerve stimulation for positive decremental response and ELISA assay for serum AChR-ab titers.Results hAChR α1-210 was cloned and expressed sueeesstully.The female Lewis rats were immunized by the fusion protein as an emulsion in CFA and boosted after 4 weeks.Clinical signs of MG including loss of body weight and weakness become evident 10 days after the second immunization in some experimental rats.Positive clinical score was seen in 70% immunized rats at the end of the experiments,and none of the control rats did not develop any clinical signs.The electric decrement of 3,5 Hz by low frequence repetitive nerve stimulation were 13.90%±4.20%,13.20%± 2.62% in the experimental group,5.60%±2.06%,7.70%±2.40% in the control group,and there was significant difference between them.Positive ratio of serum AChR-ab titers by ELISA was 70% in the experimental group,none in the control group,and the difference was significant.Our data suggest that 7 out of 10 of the experimental rats were induced into the EAMG models,while none sick were found in control rats.Conclusions The expressed hAChR α1-210 can induce EAMG animal model.The method is simpler and cheaper.The immunogen is more sufficient compared with those of classic EAMG models.

1前言 从细胞生物学和分子生物学的原理和角度,恶性肿瘤是一类以细胞恶性增殖为基本特征的疾病.肿瘤的化学治疗药物具有细胞毒作用,可以杀死和杀伤肿瘤细胞,抑制肿瘤细胞生长繁殖等生物学作用,从而可以起到治疗或治愈肿瘤的目的和效果.化疗是一种全身性治疗手段,对肿瘤的原发灶、转移灶和亚临床转移灶等均可产生治疗作用,但化疗的细胞毒作用越来越暴露出其明显的缺陷和局限性:即无选择性、毒副作用大、疗效不满意等.

为探讨自由基代谢与颅内肿瘤发生、发展的关系.我们对39例颅内肿瘤患者手术切除前后脑脊液超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化脂质(LPO)的动态变化进行观察,现将结果报道如下.

脂代谢异常常见于多种慢性肾脏疾病进展过程中,是促进肾脏进行性损伤和增加冠心病发病危险性的重要因素[1].目前文献有关慢性肾脏疾病进展过程中食物成份对脂类代谢异常的影响、降脂药物对肾脏的保护作用的资料,尚无明确的结论.我们以阿霉素肾病大鼠作为慢性进行性肾脏疾病模型,观察食物中脂类含量和羟甲戊二酰辅酶A还原酶抑制剂辛伐他汀对脂代谢紊乱和肾功能损害的保护作用.

对２０例活动性肺结核病人血中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨＰＸ）、过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）的动态观察发现：活动性肺结核病人血中ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨＰＸ的水平明显低于正常人，而ＬＰＯ则高于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０１）。经正规抗痨治疗１个月后，再次检测上述指标，发现ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨＰＸ均有不同程度升高（分别增加１７．４％和６．９％），而ＬＰＯ则下降２１．９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；且三项指标与正常组对比仍存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：活动性肺结核的病情与血中ＳＯＤ、ＧＳＨＰＸ、ＬＰＯ的水平有密切的关系。这些指标对活动性肺结核的病情分析、疗效观察及预后有一定的实用价值。