医学课程体系的整合是培养21世纪复合型医学人才的必由之路.2013年以来,安徽医科大学开始了五年制临床医学专业整合课程的教学改革试点,其中生物化学与分子生物学和细胞生物学被整合为生命的化学.整合课程在实施过程中组织了跨学科教学团队,在原有生物化学和细胞生物学整合的基础上添加了原生理学中细胞的生物电专业知识,创新了教学内容,贯彻了以学生为中心和自主学习的教学理念;逐渐摸索建立了形成性评价体系进行课程考核和成绩评定,取得了较好的教学效果.

以响应面法优化樱叶中多糖的超声提取工艺,考察多糖的体外抗氧化活性.在单因素实验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken中心组合实验和响应面分析法,研究提取时间、超声波功率、料液比对樱叶多糖提取率的影响,建立影响因素与响应值之间的数学模型,确立最佳提取工艺.同时,以DPPH的自由基清除能力、还原Fe3+能力和清除·OH自由基能力,验证樱叶多糖的抗氧化活性.结果 显示,樱叶中多糖的最佳提取工艺为:提取时间30 min,液料质量比29∶1,超声功率75 W.抗氧化实验结果表明,当樱叶多糖达到最大质量浓度1.20 mg/mL时,樱叶多糖(超声)、樱叶多糖(煮沸)和维生素C对DPPH的清除率依次为77.6％,68.8％,62.4％,樱叶多糖(超声)、樱叶多糖(煮沸)对·OH自由基的清除率依次为88.1％,69.2％,对还原Fe3+能力较强.该结果显示樱叶多糖有一定抗氧化活性,且樱叶多糖(超声)较樱叶多糖(煮沸)活性强.超声波提取樱叶多糖具有提取效率高、时间短的优点,从多糖抗氧化活性检测来看,樱叶超声提取优于煎煮法.

Objective To optimize the extraction technology of Morchella polysaccharide.Methods With GIM5.69(Morchella esculenta(L.) Pers.) and GIM5.29(Morchella elata) as the research object,the difference of polysaccharide yield with lixiviation in polysaccharide extraction between ultrasound and enzyme was observed.At the same time,the difference of polysaccharides yield of these two Morchella was compared.Result Ultrasound and enzyme both can improve the polysaccharides yield,and the effect of 10 min of ultrasound was the best.The polysaccharides yield of GIM5.69 was higher than that of GIM5.29,which means different strain has different polysaccharides yield.Conclusion The best extraction condition is 10 min of ultrasound at the frequency of 40 kHz,heating 150 min at 90 ℃ and lixiviation twice.

The effect of polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. (MEP) on immunological function was investigated. The results showed that MEP is a kind of proteoglycan. It has a total sugar of 85.3% and the protein level reached 8.5%. The content of alduronic acid in MEP is 25%. MEP can increase the level of thymus index and spleen index, the content of serum lysozyme, and can promote phagocytosis and NO level of macrophage. It can also enhance proliferation of T lymphocyte in vitro. As a proteoglycan, MEP can enhance nonspecific immunity and cellular immunity in mice.

Objective: To study the antitumor effects of extracellular polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta (EPM) and the immunological function on S180 tumor-bearing mice. Method: EPM was intragastrically given to S180-bearing mice at the dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg. Normal sodium and cyclophosphamide were taken as blank control and positive control respectively. The tumor weight, immunologic organ weights and life span of S180-bearing mice were measured. S180 tumor cells were incubated with various concentrations of EPM for 24 h, and antiproliferative activities against tumor cells were determined by MTT assay. Result: EPM significantly increases the spleen index, percent of T-lymphocyte, macrophage phagocytic index and prolongs survival time of S180-bearing mice.The inhibiting tumor rates at the low and high does are 49.04% and 64.42% respectively. EPM can kill S180 tumor cells directly in vitro, with the highest inhibiting rate 46.3% at the dose of 50μg/well.Conclusion: EPM has significant antitumor effects and improves immunological function.

目的评估本校2002级临床医学专业学生医学遗传学期末考试试卷的质量。方法选择2002级临床医学专业全部学生的医学遗传学期末考试试卷进行统计分析。结果考试成绩呈正态分布,平均分71.2分。标准差10.8分,难度0.76,区分度0.25。结论本试卷成绩呈正态分布,试题难度适中,区分度尚可,较全面、客观评价了学生对本门课程的掌握程度。