针对金柑一年内多批次开花结果,各批次果实大小差异大、品质不一等存在问题,本文介绍了通过适度重修剪、早施足施春梢肥、促发健壮春梢、促花壮花、巧科学使用植物生长调节剂、重施壮果肥等措施,显著提高金柑第1、2批花的坐果率,有效促进果实膨大,提高单果重量、产量、果品质量和经济效益的栽培技术.

苦瓜果实中合有较多的维生素、胡萝卜素、蛋白质和各种矿物质,营养丰富,肉质柔软、爽脆,苦中带甘,有增进食欲和帮助消化的作用,并且有特殊的药用价值.为了改善和丰富本地苦瓜市场,笔者2014年从台湾引进“曼谷二号”青皮苦瓜在阳朔县试种,该品种表现早中熟,生长势强,根系发达,分枝力强,主侧蔓均能结瓜;瓜长筒形,皮色油绿有光泽,长30～35 cm,横径6～8 cm,条瘤,肉厚,品质优良;耐热、耐湿、丰产性好.

【Objective】In order to promote healthy and rapid development of Fortunella margarita(Lour.) Swingle industry, the present experiment was conducted to screen ideal plant growth regulator for Fortunella margarita(Lour.)Swingle to promote fruit setting. 【Method】Gibberellin(GA3) of 30 m L/L was sprayed on tree canopy after 7 days of flower falling, followed by spraying 30 m L/L GA3+10 m L/L NAA(T1), 5 m L/L CTK+10 m L/L NAA(T2) and 1 m L/L TDZ(T3)once for an intervals of 7 and 14 days, respectively. The water was taken as the control to observe growth and development laws of fruit, and determine fruit-setting rate, yield and single fruit weight in every treatment. 【Result】The fruitsetting rate of Treatment 1 and 3 were above 20.00%, which were increased by 49.96% and 46.68% compared with the control, respectively. The fruit growth and development of T2 and T3 was faster. Compared with the control, their fruit transverse diameter was increased by 3.12 and 2.80 mm, respectively, and longitudinal diameter were increased by 3.66 and 1.97 mm, respectively. As for single fruit weight and yield, T2 and T3 presented significant promoting effects, their fruit yield per plant were increased by 13.5% and 11.6%, respectively, and the single fruit weight was increased by34. 0 % and 26. 9 %, respectively. 【 Conclusion 】 By spraying 30 m L / L GA3 on Fortunella margarita tree canopy after 7days of flower falling and 30 m L/L GA3+10 m L/L NAA once at 7-day and 14-day intervals, respectively, can effectively enhance fruit yield and economic benefits, and can be extended and applied in production.

观察了美浓香瓜在阳朔县试种表现,介绍了其栽培技术要点.根据观察结果,认为美浓香瓜早中熟、耐热、耐湿,抗白粉病、霜毒病,品质优良,经济效益好,且易于栽培管理.

通过植株生长特性、物候期、果实性状和产量等性状的比较,筛选出综合性状优良的“美浓”香瓜品种.该品种表现植株长势健壮、果实品质好、产量较高,适宜在桂林生态条件下及类似地区推广种植.

近10年来,随着避雨避寒栽培技术的应用,经济效益的显著提高,阳朔金柑发展迅速.但迅猛发展导致阳朔金柑产业面临面积和产量快速增加,市场压力显现、果实品质差异大、生产成本快速上升、提早催熟影响果实品质、过度开发陡峭山地引发局部水土流失、深加工能力明显不足、包装混乱、品牌意识不强、交易市场不堪重负等问题.为此,提出了相应的对策:发展重点应由重数量轻质量向提质增效转变、拓展早熟金柑市场、出台优惠政策培育金柑果品加工企业、控制陡峭山地开发、扶持金柑专业合作社发展、尽快扩建交易市场.

Objective The genetic diversities of Shatian pummelo(Citrus grandis L.) were identified and classified in order to provide references for future usage.Method Out of the 64 selected pairs of AFLP primer combination,12 pummelos materials were carefully classified and analyzed.Result From the 64 primers,12 pairs of AFLP primer combinations were screened out.The 12 tested materials were amplified with 399 clear bands,in which each pair of primers amplified 25 to 49 bands;the average number of amplified bands for each pair of primers was 33.25.The polymorphic band number was 91,and the polymorphism ratio was 22.8%.The similarity coefficients of the tested materials were between 0.752 and 0.956.The AFLP identification results showed that similarity coefficient of Guiyou 1 with Shatian pomelo was 0.956,and the similarity coefficients of early-ripening Shatian pomelo and Shatian pomelo was 0.920.The two pomelo varieties,early-ripening sour pomelo and Fujian sour pomelo,were distantly related to other pomelo varieties.Using the similarity coefficient threshold of 0.83,the 12 tested pomelo materials were divided into 5 groups.Conclusion The AFLP molecular marker technology could successfully separate the 12 tested pomelo materials.Early-ripening Shatian pomelo and Guiyou 1 were different from the other pomelo variations,and could be directly exploited as variety resources.

A variant of pomelo variety was found in Gongcheng county in Guangxi in 2005.After self-pollination,it was found to fruit well with good and genetically stable characteristics throughout the four year of identification and asexual propagation,and it was named affter Guiyou 1.The multiple regional trials showed that it had excellent characteristics such as self-pollination,high quality,strong adaptability,high and stable yield.The self-fruitful rate of Guiyou 1 was 5.43%-8.74%.The fruits were pyriform with big and apparent oil glands,slight concave apex and with areole ring,good in appearance and quality.The maturity period of fruits was the October end.The pericarp color of fruits was orange-yellow.The single fruit weight was 1028.4-1060.5 g with 12-15 petals and 99.5-110.5 seeds in each fruit.The contents of total sugars,invert sugar,reducing sugar,citric acid,soluble solids,vitamin C in pomelo juice were found to be 9.44-11.05 g/100mL,9.82-11.53 g/100mL,2.00-2.15 g/100mL,0.25-0.32 g/100mL,12.3-14.0% and 82.74-97.97 g/100mL,respectively.

2009年,广西壮族自治区阳朔县金柑面积0.57万hm2,结果面积约0.43万hm2,金柑已成为阳朔县农村的支柱产业之一.但传统栽培(树冠不盖膜)的金柑果实在成熟后久旱遇大雨或降雪就会开裂,继而烂果落果,烂果落果率高达40%～96%,产量锐减甚至绝收.

当前,医院逐渐进入竞争市场,经营模式和管理模式也发生重大变化,需要日益关注人力资源管理.