Female infertility is a major reproductive health concern. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI), a non-invasive marker of liver-related metabolic burden, has not been well studied in relation to infertility across its distribution. We analyzed women aged 20-49 years from three NHANES cycles (2013-2018). HSI was examined as both a continuous variable and in quartiles, and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess potential nonlinearity. Sensitivity analyses using alternative infertility definitions and exploratory interaction analyses were also performed. Among 3,007 women, 416 (13.8%) were classified as having infertility. In the fully adjusted model, women in the highest HSI quartile had higher odds of infertility than those in the lowest quartile (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.08-2.57; P = 0.031), with a significant trend across quartiles (P for trend = 0.010). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a nonlinear association between HSI and infertility (P for overall association = 0.005), which was more evident at higher HSI levels. Higher HSI was associated with greater odds of infertility among reproductive-aged women.

Background: Impaired energy metabolism is central to chronic heart failure (CHF). While preclinical and clinical studies suggest moxibustion exerts protective effects in CHF, its mechanistic basis-particularly regarding mitochondrial energy regulation-remains poorly understood. Existing work has yet to define whether and how moxibustion modulates key metabolic pathways, such as adenosine 5 '-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/PGC-1 alpha signaling, to restore cardiac bioenergetics in CHF. This study tested the hypothesis that moxibustion improves mitochondrial function via AMPK/ PGC-1 alpha activation. Methods: A doxorubicin-induced CHF rat model was established. HE and Masson's trichrome staining were used to observe myocardial morphology and evaluate myocardial fibrosis, respectively. Colorimetry measured myocardial lactate, pyruvate, and ATPase (Na+K+-ATPase, Mg-2+-ATPase, Ca-2+-ATPase, Ca-2+Mg-2+-ATPase) activity. Expression levels of the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (MFN2) and the mitochondrial biogenesis proteins mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) in cardiomyocytes were detected by Western blotting. AMPK and PGC-1 alpha mRNA expression levels in myocardial tissue were determined by RT-PCR. Results: Moxibustion at the Feishu (BL13) and Xinshu (BL15) acupoints significantly attenuated CHF-related myocardial damage and reduced myocardial fibrosis. Moxibustion also markedly restored ATPase activity and upregulated the expression of the MFN2, NRF1, and TFAM proteins, as well as mRNA levels of AMPK and PGC-1 alpha, in cardiomyocytes from CHF rats. These effects were partially abrogated by administering compound C-a specific AMPK inhibitor. Moreover, a potentially direct interaction between pyruvate and AMPK was predicted through molecular docking analyses. Conclusion: Moxibustion ameliorates CHF by stimulating the AMPK/PGC-1 alpha signaling pathway to improve mitochondrial energy metabolism.

Abstract Background Moxibustion as an adjuvant therapy shows clinical efficacy in the treatment of heart failure (HF). However, there has been a lack of overall evaluation of the efficacy of moxibustion.Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion combined with conventional drug therapy, and the quality of evidence regarding its use for preventing ventricular remodeling, improving cardiac function, and improving the prognosis of patients with HF.Method Search the keywords moxibustion therapy and HF from 7 databases. EndNote X8 software was used for literature management. RevMan 5.4.1 software was used to summarize data, and Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of research.Results A total of 910 patients were included from 11 studies. Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control groups, patients treated with moxibustion had significantly improved 6-min walk experiment (6-MWD) scores (mean difference [MD] = 57.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] [39.49 to 75.30], P < 0.01) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) scores (MD = 4.93, 95% CI [3.12 to 6.74] for patients with HF, P < 0.01),According to GRADE, those using LVEF, Lee's HF score, and BNP were “moderate quality” and others were “low quality” or “very low quality.”Conclusion Studies suggest that moxibustion is a safe adjuvant treatment that can improve the cardiac function and prognosis of patients with HF. However, owing to the small sample sizes used in previous studies and the low quality of evidence, these results need to be further verified.

Moxibustion (MOX) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, which has been clinically used to treat cardiac diseases in recent years. The present study aimed to examine the protective effects and possible mechanisms of MOX on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced chronic heart failure (CHF) in rats. The animals were divided into five groups, including the Control (normal saline), DOX (doxorubicin 15 mg/kg), MOX (doxorubicin 15 mg/kg + moxibustion), BEN (doxorubicin 15 mg/kg + benazepril 0.86 mg/kg) and MOX + BEN (doxorubicin 15 mg/kg + moxibustion + benazepril 0.86 mg/kg) groups. After three weeks, echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function and structure, including left ventricular internal diameter in systole, ejection fraction and fractional shortening (FS). Serum brain natriuretic peptide levels and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and ATP assay. Cardiac pathology was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Cardiac ultrastructure and the number of autophagosomes formed were visualized by transmission electron microscopy. Western blotting was performed to assess mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy proteins and mitochondrial autophagy-related pathway proteins. The expression levels of these genes were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The results indicated MOX could improve cardiac function, increased cardiac ATP levels and reduced myocardial fibrosis. Western blotting indicated that MOX treatment elevated the expression of optic atrophy 1 protein (OPA1), while decreasing the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 and mitochondrial fission 1 protein. In addition, MOX inhibited autophagy, as evidenced by decreased number of autophagosomes, reduced LC3II/LC3I ratio and increased p62 expression. Furthermore, MOX downregulated DOX-induced FUNDC1 signaling pathway. In summary, MOX has protective effects on DOX-induced CHF in rats, promoting mitochondrial fusion while inhibiting mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. The underlying mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of the FUNDC1 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of moxibustion at bilateral Feishu (BL13) and Xinshu (BL15) combined with benazepril on myocardial cells apoptosis index, the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins cytochrome c (Cyt-C) and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in chronic heart failure (CHF) rats.METHODS:Sixty-five rats were randomly divided into normal group () and model-I group (). After modeling, CHF rats in model-I group were divided into model group, moxibustion group, benazepril group, moxibustion plus benazepril group (abbreviated as aibei group, the same below), 10 rats in each group. Echocardiogram index was examined by echocardiography. Hemodynamic indices were measured by rat cardiac function meter. Serum B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Myocardial cells apoptosis index was detected by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling staining. Pathological changes of myocardial tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF in myocardial tissues were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with normal group, ejection fraction and left ventricular diameter shortening rate in model-Ⅰ group were significantly reduced, myocardial cells of rats in model group exhibited unclear transverse striations, cells swellings and vacuoles, cardiac functions were deteriorated, serum BNP level, myocardial cells apoptosis index, and the expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF were significantly increased. Compared with model group, myocardial cells of rats in moxibustion group, benazepril group, and aibei group were dyed more evenly, muscle fibers were arranged relatively neatly, cardiac functions were improved, serum BNP level, myocardial cells apoptosis index, and the expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF were significantly decreased. Compared with aibei group, cardiac functions were worsened, myocardial cells apoptosis index, and the expression levels of Cyt-C and AIF were increased.CONCLUSION:Moxibustion at bilateral Feishu (BL13) and Xinshu (BL15) combined with benazepril could improve CHF better than moxibustion at bilateral Feishu (BL13) and Xinshu (BL15) or benazepril alone. The mechanisms might be that they can inhibit the expressions of Cyt-C and AIF, and inhibit the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes.

影响艾灸疗效的核心因素是灸量与灸位.灸法在临床上日益受到重视,但仍存在疗效不稳定、适用病证有局限等问题,解决的关键是厘清艾灸的量效关系.笔者通过分析古人施灸理念,阐释用灸方法,认为古人用灸以足量为要;对现代医家关于艾灸壮数的研究进行总结,发现随着艾灸壮数的增加,灸效多随之提升;近现代名家用灸,贵在量足发灸疮.故对于急病、重病、慢病,应该在准确辨证的前提下,选择合适灸法,使用饱和灸量,结合灸感定灸位,适当发灸疮,提升艾灸的治疗效果.

目的 顺应"以生为本"教学理念,提出问题驱动的中医基础理论线上线下混合式"金课"教学模式.方法 基于问题教学,将线下传统课堂教学与线上、线下自主学习有机结合进行中医基础理论课程"金课"建设,并通过问卷调查以及期末考试考察教学效果.结果 问卷调查表明该教学模式在促进学生发展,提升"金课"的高阶性、创新性、挑战度等方面均有帮助,试验班的期末考试成绩明显高于对照班(P<0.05),且高分段(≥80分)人数多于对照班,中、低分段(<70分)人数少于对照班.结论 基于问题驱动的中医基础理论课程线上线下混合式教学效果明显,"金课"建设取得了阶段性的成果.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of moxibustion combined with benazepril on cardiac function and expression levels of myocardial interleukin-18(IL-18), phosphorylated protein kinase B(p-Akt) in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF), so as to explore its underlying mechanisms in improvement of CHF.METHODS:Fifty male rats were randomly divided into normal, model, moxibustion, benazepril and moxibustion+benazepril groups (n=10 rats per group). The CHF model was established by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride solution (DOX, 2.5 mg/kg) twice a week for 4 weeks. After successful modeling, the rats in the normal and model groups were fed with normal diet, and fixed on a rat plate for 20 min each time without any treatment. Mild moxibustion was applied to bilateral "Feishu" (BL13) and "Xinshu" (BL15) for 20 min each time, for 3 weeks in the moxibustion and moxibustion+benazepril groups. Rats of the benazepril and moxibustion+benazepril groups received gavage of benazepril (2 mg/kg) once daily for 3 weeks. The general behaviors of rats were observed. The ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular diameter shortening (FS), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVIDd), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVIDs), heart rate (HR) and ventricular septal thickness (IVS) were examined by echocardiography. The content of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and expression levels of myocardial IL-18, p-Akt were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with the normal group, the EF, FS, IVS, and myocardial p-Akt expression level were significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the LVIDd, LVIDs, HR, and serum NT-proBNP content and myocardial IL-18 expression level were significantly increased in the model group (P<0.01). In comparison with the model group, the EF, FS, IVS, and myocardial p-Akt were remarkably up-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the LVIDd, LVIDs, HR, serum NT-proBNP content, and myocardial IL-18 expression level were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the moxibustion, benazepril, and moxibustion+benazepril groups. Compared with the moxibustion+benazepr group, the levels of LVIDs, HR, serum NT-proBNP and myocardial IL-18 expression were obviously higher (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the levels of EF, FS, IVS and p-Akt were significantly lower in the moxibustion and benazepril groups (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Moxibustion combined with benazepril improves cardiac function in CHF rats, and is superior to simple moxibustion and simple benazepril in reducing IL-18 expression and increasing p-Akt expression in myocardial tissue.

心力衰竭(简称心衰)是一种复杂的临床综合征,是由各种原因导致的心脏损伤代偿失败的最终结果.长期持续心脏应激导致线粒体功能障碍,线粒体功能障碍反过来会进一步损害心肌细胞,导致病情进展.及时清除心肌细胞内受损的线粒体,维持存活线粒体良好的生存环境是保护心肌细胞的有效手段,也是防治心衰及心室重构的新途径.线粒体质量控制是线粒体维持自身结构和功能稳定的一系列细胞活动,包括氧化应激反应、调节线粒体动力学、线粒体自噬、细胞内钙调节等.中医药在治疗慢性心衰时大多采用益气活血类药物,气与线粒体在功能上具有相似性,中医学认为,气虚时机体表现为"静止的、下降的、抑制的"与线粒体能量缺损亦可类比,中医经典补气活血治法可应用于此.近年来中医药以线粒体为靶点,从心肌能量供应角度出发,开展许多相关实验研究,发现益气活血类中药可以多靶点、多环节参与调控细胞内线粒体质量控制相关机制,并用实验证实了益气活血类中药可以通过此机制发挥心肌保护效应.

目的 了解国家自然科学基金面上项目和青年科学基金项目灸法类的研究项目现状及趋势.方法 通过科学基金网络信息系统(ISIS)检索2009-2018年申请代码为H2707(经络与腧穴)和H2718(中医针灸)中关于灸法的面上项目和青年科学基金项目,分析资助数目、金额、依托单位、项目负责人、主要研究方向、灸法类型、研究疾病和相关信号通路的情况.结果 2009-2018年灸法面上项目和青年科学基金项目资助金额4466万元,立项112个.10年间,灸法面上项目和青年科学基金项目资助金额和数目总体呈增长趋势.在2013年资助金额和数目上出现高峰,之后略有下降并保持稳定.依托单位主要为中医药高校,立项≥2次的负责人主要集中在面上项目.灸法的研究方向连续性强,研究方法以艾灸为主.研究疾病相对集中,主要以消化系统、心脑血管系统及运动系统为主,且多与炎性因素有关.重点研究相关信号通路,有关基因调控、机制研究、数据挖掘等研究相对较少.结论 目前在灸法的相关课题中,国家自然科学基金面上项目的资助力度高于青年科学基金项目,在资助数目上差距较小,单个项目资助金额比例呈增长趋势,资助金额和数目均呈增长趋势.

How moxibustion improves chronic heart failure is extremely complex and still unclear. This study aimed to explore whether moxibustion inhibits autophagy and reduces inflammation by regulating mTOR expression to induce myocardial protective effects and alleviate symptoms associated with chronic heart failure. Echocardiography was used to detect cardiac function and cardiac structure of rats, including heart rate (HR), left atrium diameter (LA), left ventricular diameter (LV), left ventricular posterior wall (LVPW), interventricular septum (IVS), ejection fraction (EF), and fractional shortening (FS). BNP and NT-pro BNP levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Autophagy-associated protein (ATG) genes and mTOR were detected by PCR. The expression of mTOR and phosphorylated-mTOR was detected through western blotting of proteins from myocardial tissue samples. The left ventricular inflammatory response was detected by immunohistochemistry and included ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression. The relationship between autophagy and inflammation was analyzed by correlation analysis. The results from echocardiography and ELISA showed that moxibustion could significantly improve heart function and structure. Western blot and PCR results showed that moxibustion treatment elevated mTOR expression. Further, moxibustion could inhibit autophagy and regulate the expression of key autophagy-related genes, including Vps34, ATG3, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, and ATG13. By contrast, rapamycin could partially reduce the effects of moxibustion. Immunohistochemistry results indicated that moxibustion could reduce myocardial inflammation. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between autophagy and inflammation. Moxibustion can protect cardiac function in rats with heart failure, possibly inhibiting excessive autophagy of cardiomyocytes and reducing inflammatory reactions through the elevation of mTOR expression.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with opioid drugs on moderate and severe cancer pain.METHODS:A total of 60 patients with cancer were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. Oxycodonehydrochloride prolonged-release tablet was taken orally in the control group. On the basis of the control group, acupuncture was applied at Hegu (LI 4), Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), etc. Corresponding back-shu points, xi-cleft points and ashi points were selected additionally according to primary viscera and pain sites in the observation group. The treatment was given once a day for 2 weeks. Symptomatic and supportive treatment were implanted, and no other antalgic measures were given during the trial. The daily dosage of opioid drug and the adverse reactions were recorded in both groups. Karnofsky performance status (KPS) and quality of life (QOL) scale scores were compared before and after treatment. Numerical rating scale (NRS) score was calculated to evaluate the clinical therapeutic effect.RESULTS:Compared before treatment, the daily dosage of opioid drugs after treatment was obviously reduced in the observation group (P<0.01), and was obviously increased in the control group (P<0.05). The dosage of opioid drugs after treatment in the observation group was much less than the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the KPS and QOL scores were increased in both groups (P<0.01), and the scores in the observation group were superior to the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The analgesic effective rate was 90.0% (27/30) in the observation group, which was superior to 76.7% (23/30) in the control group (P<0.05). The adverse reactions rate in the observation group was lower than the control group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Acupuncture combined with opioid drugs can effectively relieve the cancer pain, improve the performance status and quality of life in cancer patients, reduce the dosage of opioid drugs and adverse reactions rate.

高等教育是国家发展水平和发展潜力的重要标志,课堂教学作为高校人才培养活动的核心场所,是全面落实立德树人的主阵地,课堂教学的质量直接影响到高校人才培养质量.因此,必须加强高校课堂教学建设,提高教学水平和质量,实现高等教育内涵式发展.教育部在2018年8月发布的《关于狠抓新时代全国高等教育本科教育工作会议精神落实的通知》(教高函〔2018〕8号)中明确指出高等院校要建设高质量的"金课",合理提升学业挑战度、增加课程难度、拓展课程深度,切实提高课程教学质量.教育部吴岩司长对金课的标准作了解读:高阶性、创新性和挑战度这"两性一度"是金课的标准."高阶性"指的是通过知识能力素质的有机融合,培养学生解决复杂问题的综合能力和高阶思维."创新性"是指课程内容能反映前沿性和时代性,教学形式呈现先进性和互动性,学习结果具有探究性和个性化."挑战度"是指课程有一定难度,对老师备课和学生课下有较高要求.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of moxibustion on cardiac function and expression of myocardial tumor suppressor protein p53, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphorylated(p)-mTOR (excessive autophagy-associated proteins of cardiomyocytes) in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of CHF.METHODS:SD rats were divided into blank control (n＝11), model(n＝8), autophagy activator (n＝8), autophagy inhibitor (n＝9) and moxibustion(n＝9) groups. The CHF model was established by i．p. injection of Doxorubicin Hydrochloride (DOX, 1 mg/mL, 1-4 mg/kg) every other day. Moxibustion was applied to bilateral "Feishu" (BL13) and "Xinshu" (BL15) for 20 min, 5 times a week for 3 weeks. Rats of the autophagy activator group received gavage of Rapamycin (RAPA, 2 mg/kg) and those of the autophagy inhibitor group received i．p. injection of Methyladenine (3-MA, 15 mg/kg) 5 times a week for 3 weeks after successful modeling. The heart weight and body weight were measured to calculate heart mass index (HW/BW＝heart weight ÷ body weight). Cardiac output (CO) and heart rate (HR) were measured by using a cardiac function meter. Serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) content was assayed by using ELISA, and the expression of myocardial p53, p-mTOR and mTOR proteins was examined by Western blot.RESULTS:(1) Compared with the blank control group, the HR, HW/BW, NT-pro BNP content and p53 expression levels were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the CO and ratio of p-mTOR/mTOR were significantly decreased in the model group (P<0.01). (2) Compared with the model group, the HR, HW/BW and NT-pro BNP content of the autophagy inhibitor and moxibustion groups were significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and CO and p-mTOR/mTOR ratio were significantly increased in both autophagy inhibitor and moxibustion groups (P<0.01). (3) Compared with the autophagy activator group, the levels of HR, HW/BW, NT-pro BNP and p53 in the autophagy inhibitor and moxibustion groups were significantly lower (P<0.01), and those of CO and p-mTOR/mTOR levels were significantly higher (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Moxibustion, similar to the autophagy inhibitor, has a protective action on myocardium in CHF rats, which is possible by preventing over expression of myocardial autophagy-associated proteins during CHF.

All kinds of heart diseases will develop into chronic heart failure at the last stage, and their morbidity and mortality are high, becoming a global public health problem. Although Western medicine treatment of chronic heart failure can alleviate its symptoms well, it still has some limitations. And it is easy to recur after withdrawal. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, as an important part of traditional Chinese medicine, has been used in the treatment of chronic heart failure in recent years, and has achieved good results, providing a lot of practical experience for the development of acupuncture treatment of chronic heart failure.This article reviews the clinical research progress of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of chronic heart failure in order to provide reference for the treatment of chronic heart failure.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of moxibustion on cardiac function and the expression of autophagy-related proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and selective autophagy receptor signaling adaptor sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF), so as to explore its underlying mechanisms in preventing and treating CHF. METHODS:Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, moxibustion, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and autophagy agonist rapamycin (RAPA) groups (n＝12 rats/group). The CHF model was established by intrape-ritoneal injection of adriamycin (ADR, 2 mg/kg, once every week for 12 weeks). Mild moxibustion was applied to bilateral "Feishu" (BL13) and "Xinshu" (BL15) for 20 min every time. Rats of the 3-MA group were treated by intraperitoneal injection of 3-MA suspension (15 mg/kg), and those of the RAPA group treated by gavage of RAPA suspension (2 mg/kg). All the treatments were given once a day for 3 weeks. The heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and maximum rising and lowering rates of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dtmax) were measured for assessing the cardiac performance. Histopathological changes of the left ventricular myocardium were observed by HE staining. The expression levels of LC3-Ⅰ， LC3-Ⅱ and p62 proteins of the left ventricle myocardium tissue were detected by Western blot. RESULTS:After modeling, the pathological changes of myocardium (as myocardial cell swelling with vacuoles, myocardial fibre breakage, etc.) were obvious, and the HR, LVEDP, LC3-Ⅱ and LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein expression levels were significantly increased in the model group compared with the normal group (P<0.01), while the CO, LVSP, ±dp/dtmax, and the expression of p62 protein were significantly down-regulated (P<0.01). Following the interventions, the myocardial injury was reduced, the HR, LVEDP, LC3-Ⅱ and LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ levels in both moxibustion and 3-MA groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the CO, LVSP, ±dp/dtmax and p62 expression level were significantly increased relevant to the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). In addition, the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ was significantly increased, and the expression level of p62 significantly down-regulated in the RAPA group compared with the model group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION:Moxibustion can improve cardiac function in CHF rats, which may be related to its effects in down-regulating the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ and up-regulating the expression of p62 protein to inhibit cardiomyocyte autophagy.

从经脉命名及循行、穴位命名及位置、刺法及针刺补泻、临床配穴等方面入手,对针灸理论中的"对偶观"进行了归纳分析.发现"对偶观"的引入,能够在一定程度上梳理庞杂的针灸理论体系,帮助学者适应"经脉乱、穴位杂"等传统针灸理论学习难题,并将"对偶观"应用于针灸临床实践中,旨在丰富针灸学理论,提高临床疗效.

目的 探析慢性心力衰竭(CHF)中药组方的用药规律,针对常用中药关联规则分析,为CHF的辨证论治提供依据.方法 搜索中国知网、万方数据库中10年来中医药治疗慢性心力衰竭的医案,提取方药信息,整理后录入Excel 2010建立数据库,SPSS 23.0和SPSS modeler 14.2对中药功效、性、味、归经应用频数统计、关联规则分析、聚类分析对方药信息进行数据挖掘.结果 在合格入选的81例病案中,涉及药物162味.按功效分为19类,使用较频繁的前5类为补虚药、活血化瘀药、利水渗湿药、解表药、温里药;药性以温、平、微寒、寒为主,药味以甘、辛、苦为主;以入肝经、肺经、脾经、肾经、胃经的药物为主;关联性较强的药物组合为补虚药配活血化瘀药、利水渗湿药、温里药,并形成了5个聚类,常用药物组合为黄芪、丹参、附子间相互配伍.结论 诸医家在遵循"本虚标实,虚实夹杂"的病机本质上,讲究"标本兼治,补行活泄,五脏同治"的原则,善于运用益气活血法,辨证配伍温阳利水、健脾化痰等药物,治疗效果显著.

Beclin 1基因是调控自噬的关键蛋白之一,与相关蛋白结合形成复合体诱导自噬,并调控自噬水平.在应激刺激下,Beclin 1可以调节心肌细胞自噬活性,对心肌细胞起到保护或者损害的作用,与多种心血管疾病有着密切关系.通过探讨Beclin 1调控心肌自噬对心血管疾病的影响,以期为研究心血管疾病发生机制和临床治疗提供新的思路和理论依据.

通过查阅《肘后备急方》中腧穴、灸法条目的相关资料,汇总了不同疾病中涉及的腧穴或部位,以及主治病证的灸法条数,总结分析出以下几个特点:在选取腧穴上多注重运用任督二脉;在治疗外科疾病中擅用阿是穴,并首载经外奇穴;在临床急症治疗中,多选用井穴;首创隔物灸.