开发建立用于评价失智老年人居家环境适老化改造需求量表.通过5名专家评定和对175名社区失智老年人调查,分析适老化改造需求量表效度和信度.结果显示,失智老年人居家环境适老化改造需求量表具有良好的表面效度、内容效度及结构效度,适用于我国失智老年人居家环境下的适老化改造评估.

Background: The key part of home care services is the assessment of the needs of the home environment for elderly patients with dementia. The present study was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of a newly adapted Chinese version of an instrument designed to measure aging transformation needs among elderly patients with dementia.Methods: A sample of 175 patients with elderly dementia was selected from ten communities in China. The 55-item aging transformation needs scale was answered by the participants. Content validity, Cronbach’s alpha, item-to-total correlation, and exploratory factor analysis were used to assess the reliability and validity of the instrument.Results: The aging transformation needs scale has a good surface validity, content validity, and structural validity. The content validity was 0.965; 55 items had large factor loads on their corresponding principal components (≥0.5). There was a significant correlation between the aging transformation needs scale and each component (r = 0.897-0.973, all P<0.01), and 9 components also had a high correlation (r = 765～0.977, all P<0.01); the total table Cronbach's α was 0.993, the Cronbach's α of each constituent factor was 0.944～0.990, and the correlation coefficient between factor and content was >0.40 (all P<0.01). Conclusions: Evidence was found to support the reliability and validity of the aging transformation needs scale that measures the quality of the aging transformation needs for patients with elderly dementia from an aging transformation needs perspective.

在产教融合背景下,顶岗实习是学校和企业共同参与、共同管理、共同培养人才的一项系统工程.结合调查发现,高职健康服务类学校顶岗实习过程管理与实时监控中,学校、学生和企业三方面都存在着一系列的问题.结合目前高职高专健康服务类专业学生顶岗实习教学质量管理现状,构建一套科学、合理、可操作的顶岗实习全程教学质量监控体系,是规范顶岗实习精细化管理、提高人才培养质量的当务之急.

针对当前高职院校内部教学管理质量监控体系存在的问题,本文结合高职院校实际提出建立一套较有效的教学质量监控体系的策略,并对高职院校内部教学管理监控考核评价指标予以量化,从而推动教学管理模式的改革和创新,进而提升教师教学质量和水平.

本文简要概述了预警机制的内涵及其重要性,并通过分析当前我国高校在学生危机事件管理工作中预警机制建设方面存在的不足,尝试提出完善预警机制建设的可行性途径.