Objective:To analyse the differences in the composition of stones in patients with stones in Dejiang and surrounding areas, and explore the clinical prevention and treatment methods of urinary stones in this area, and provide reference for preventing the recurrence of their diseases.Methods:The stone samples of 298 patients with calculi admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to September 2020 were collected and the stone composition was analyzed. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed and compared combined with clinical data.Results:A total of 6 stone components were detected in 298 patients with calculi, single component calculi accounted for only 1.01%, and mixed component calculi accounted for 98.99%. The combined calculus of the two components was 92.95% (277/298). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of calculi with different components in different parts ( P<0.001), and calcium oxalate monohydrate + calcium oxalate dihydrate calculi were the most common in ureter, and the difference in the distribution of such calculi in different parts was statistically significant ( χ2=9.189, P=0.027). Cholesterol and cholesterol+ bilirubin stones only existed in gallbladder and accounted for a small proportion, with statistically significant differences in distribution (all P<0.001). Patients aged from 31 to 35 years were the population with high incidence of calculi, and there was statistical significance in the distribution of calculi in different parts at different ages ( χ2=32.966, P<0.001). Among them, the proportion of bladder calculi was the largest in patients aged from 31 to 35 years, and the distribution of bladder calculi in different age groups was statistically significant ( χ2=30.215, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the distribution of stones with different components in different age groups ( χ2=16.414, P=0.746). Conclusions:Stone patients in Dejiang and surrounding areas, the incidence of men is relatively high, and the incidence of middle-aged and elderly people is high. Among them, mixed stones account for the vast majority of stones. The stones are mainly composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate and carbonate apatite, mostly in the ureter. Therefore, it is of great significance to formulate prevention and treatment programs based on the etiology and pathogenesis of urinary calculi.

目的:探究经导丝轨道置入双J管治疗输尿管狭窄和梗阻的临床可行性.方法:将2019年5月至2020年5月在我院接受治疗的48例输尿管狭窄和梗阻患者作为研究对象,患者膀胱镜插管失败,所有患者均行经皮肾穿刺建立导丝轨道,经尿道置入球囊导管对狭窄段实施扩张,并置入双J管,对患者手术治疗情况进行随访观察与评价.结果:48例患者中有47例手术成功,占97.9％,其中1例良性狭窄患者肾盂输尿管连接位置存在血管压迫,实施球囊扩张术,效果不佳,手术失败.患者不存在尿液外渗、输尿管撕裂等并发症.随访1年,显示34例患者治愈,治愈率达到70.8％,13例患者好转,占27.1％,1例患者无效,占2.1％,总有效率达到97.9％.结论:经导丝轨道置入双J管治疗输尿管狭窄和梗阻,手术成功率高,安全有效,值得推广应用.

目的:探讨分析尿路感染患者血清微量元素改变与炎症细胞因子,氧化应激指标的相关性.方法:从2018.6—2020.7年于德江县民族中医院收治的下尿路感染患者中,选取182例作为研究对象(观察组),另外在同期选取182例体检的健康志愿者作为研究对象(对照组).结果:观察组血清中Zn的含量与对照组相比,观察组更低,两组间Zn的含量对比差异明显(P<0.05),而Cu、Se、Ca与对照组相比差异并不大(P>0.05);观察组血清中IL-2、IL-4、IL-5比对照组明显更高,对比差异明显(P<0.05).结论:针对尿路感染患者,血清微量元素Zn降低明显,且在影响因素中,主要包括疾病的发生、氧化应激反应异常等.