Organic solar cells（OSCs） have become promising candidates to address the traditional energy depletion and environmental pollution. OSCs have attracted great attention all over the world owing to their outstanding merits, including low production costs, lightweight, highly flexible and so on. In particular, the small molecule based OSCs（SMOSCs） have received tremendous interest due to their prominent advantages over polymer solar cells（PSCs）, such as excel with well-defined molecular structures, high purity, good absorption coefficient, excellent batch-to-batch reproducibility. With continuous efforts, significant advances have been demonstrated for OSCs. Recently, the power conversion efficiency（PCE） of PSCs and SMOSCs have exceeded 10%. However, the overall performance of SMOSCs still lags behind that of PSCs. Accordingly, it remains a great challenge to achieve high performance SMOSCs. Generally, small molecules donor materials should exhibit lower band gap in order to harvest more sunlight and enhance the short-circuit current density(J sc ). Another key characteristic of ideal donor materials should have suitable frontier molecular orbitals（FMOs） energy levels. The deep highest occupied molecular orbital（HOMO） of donor materials is favourable for enhancement the open circuit voltage(V oc ). In addition, the downhill energetic driving force(ΔE L-L ) has a dominant impact on the efficient exciton splitting and charge dissociation. The ΔE L-L value should at least amount to 0.2 eV. Furthermore, theoretical approaches are capable of providing useful insights to the understanding of the nature of the molecular electronic structures and optical property of materials for OSCs. Among the various small molecular donors for SMOSCs, diketopyrrolopyrrole（DPP） based materials are promising building blocks in terms of their unique π-conjugated system, broadened absorption region, and good weather and heat stability. A series of novel DPP-based small molecules with DPP fragments as end groups and different conjugate π-bridges connecting two DPP fragments have been designed for small molecules based OSCs. Their electronic and optical properties were studied by using density functional theory（DFT） and time-dependent DFT（TD-DFT） approaches systematically. It turned out that different π-bridges can effectively tune the frontier molecular orbital energy level, energy gap, and absorption spectra. The different conjugate π-bridges do not significantly affect the electronic structures of the investigated molecules. The studied molecules 1-8 have lower band gap and strong near infrared absorption, which led to the higher light-absorbing efficiency, providing a larger short circuit current. The results of FMOs show that molecules 1-8 possess deep HOMOs energy, which ensures a high open circuit voltage. Molecules 1-3, 5, and 7 provide the best matched energy levels with typical fullerene derivatives acceptors [6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester（PCBM） and its derivatives bisPCBM and PC 71 BM, while molecules 4, 6, and 8 should select other acceptors of OSCs. Our results suggest that the designed molecules can act as promising candidates for donor materials in OSCs applications.

设计的遥控式几何画板由电源端子、 红外遥控器、 一体化红外接收头、 单片机最小系统、 移位寄存器、LED点阵等组成.单片机内部预先储存21种图形数据,按下红外遥控器的不同按键,单片机通过移位寄存器控制LED点阵产生不同的几何图形.通过遥控方式可方便用于对幼儿的教学,增加幼儿的学习兴趣,遥控式几何画板可以进一步拓展数学学习、 拼音教学、 图形演示等功能,可作为传统的学前教育教学媒介的补充和完善.也可作为大学生实习、 实训作品,培养大学生的创新能力和动手能力.

通过单片机最小系统、电源端子、独立按键、输入、输出电平指示灯、数码管、矩阵键盘、计数器芯片、脉冲信号发生器、显示器等电子技术教学中常见器件设计了逻辑运算演示装置、计数器计数演示装置、脉冲信号占空比测量装置三个电子技术创新型实验.以三个实验的设计为例,尝试对电子技术实验进行教学改革,通过学生自主设计、焊接、调试的过程加深对电子技术的理解,提高学生的动手能力、实践能力和创新能力.设计的演示实验也可应用于电子技术的课堂教学,利于学生对电子技术电路的理解.

光纤陀螺仪与影响参数之间存在随机性和时变性关系,参数优化的好坏直接影响光纤陀螺仪的评估精度,为了提高光纤陀螺仪的评估精度,设计了人工智能的光纤陀螺仪与影响参数间关系优化方法.分析光纤陀螺仪的工作原理,找到所有影响光纤陀螺仪精度的影响因素,然后引入人工智能技术拟合光纤陀螺仪与影响参数之间复杂的随机性和时变性关系,仿真实验结果表明,本方法可以高精度的拟合光纤陀螺仪与影响参数之间关系,多个模型的拟合度可达到84％,提高了光纤陀螺仪的测评精度,在实验次数为6时的控制精度最接近100％,具体明显优势.

使用单片机最小系统、压力传感器模块、超声波传感器模块、LED灯等器件设计了人体趣味身高体重秤.压力传感器模块和超声波传感器模块输出的信号送入单片机最小系统处理,得到人体的体重和身高数据,创新性地设计了性别选择按钮,根据性别选取是否按下性别选择按钮,根据单片机中预先储存的世界卫生组织规定的人体胖瘦标准,判断人体的胖瘦程度,单片机最小系统将处理结果控制五个指示灯进行胖瘦指示.设计的人体趣味身高体重秤的制作过程可以提高学生的学习兴趣,训练学生的焊接技能,培养学生的创新能力和动手能力.作品可用于大学生实习、实训、创新创业训练等.