IntroductionBiomaterials are increasingly central to innovations in drug delivery and regenerative medicine, driving new therapeutic strategies for chronic diseases and tissue repair. Despite rapid growth, a comprehensive, data-driven overview of this evolving interdisciplinary landscape has been lacking.MethodsHere, we present a bibliometric analysis of articles and reviews published in the Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science Core Collection) from January 2005 to December 2024.Results and discussionThe findings present a bibliometric visualization that highlights key trends in publication volume, geographical distribution of research, leading institutions, top journals, research categories, and emerging keywords. Cross-disciplinary integration of biomaterials, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery is accelerating advances in stem cell-based therapies, tissue engineering, and precision drug delivery platforms. Promising frontiers include personalized medicine, organoids, organ-on-chip technologies, and digital modelling of cellular systems. However, significant challenges remain in scalability, safety, and regulatory translation. This work provides a comprehensive reference for navigating current trends and identifying future opportunities in biomaterial-driven regenerative drug delivery.

Apoptotic vesicles (ApoVs) have garnered considerable attention within the realm of tissue regeneration research, necessitating a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to delineate current international trends and to map out historical and contemporary developments in this domain. Methods:This study conducted a bibliometric analysis leveraging data sourced from the SCI-Expanded Web of Science (WOS) database. The analysis encompassed publications from October 1, 1991, to December 31, 2023. A total of 1209 articles focusing on ApoVs for tissue regeneration were scrutinized, considering attributes such as publication year, journal, author, institution, country/region, references, and keywords. Coauthorship, cocitation, co-occurrence analyses, network visualizations were generated using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. Results:The analysis indicated a steady annual rise in global publications pertaining to ApoVs for tissue regeneration. The United States emerged as the foremost contributor, with the highest citation count and H-index. Furthermore, University of Tehran Medical Sciences was pinpointed as the most prolific institution. The journal International Journal of Molecular Sciences issued the largest account of articles on this topic. Notable subtopics such as "regenerative medicine," "delivery," and "mesenchymal stem cells" are poised to become significant research focal points in the near future. Conclusions:Over the past 30 years, research on ApoVs for tissue regeneration has witnessed substantial growth, mirroring increasing collaboration across various countries and institutions. This study illuminates trends, collaboration patterns, research hotspots, and future trajectories in the field, providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners.

Ankle cartilage injuries are a common sports-related condition that significantly impairs patients’ daily activities and imposes substantial economic burdens on both families and society. Effective cartilage repair strategies are crucial to addressing this pathological condition. Current conservative treatments include muscle strengthening, use of ankle braces, physical therapy, and the administration of NSAIDs. In cases of severe injury, surgical interventions such as osteophyte resection and cartilage transplantation may be necessary. However, the inherent regenerative capacity of articular cartilage is limited, and conventional treatments are insufficient to promote cartilage regeneration and repair. Consequently, innovative therapies such as stem cell therapy, exosome therapy, and cartilage regeneration scaffolds are prioritized for future development. In recent years, significant progress has been made in ankle cartilage repair. While bibliometric studies on cartilage repair exist, specific analyses focused on ankle cartilage repair are lacking. This study aims to address this gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of 131 articles published over the past two decades, highlighting development trajectories, research hotspots, and evolutionary trends through knowledge mapping. Our findings indicate growing global interest, with the United States leading in international collaboration, funding, publication output, and citation frequency. Foot & Ankle International emerges as the leading journal for publication and dissemination in this field, with Kerkhoffs GMMJ identified as the most influential author. Notable hotspot keywords include “osteochondral lesions” and “platelet-rich plasma.” By highlighting critical research hotspots and collaboration patterns, this study not only enriches the existing literature on ankle cartilage repair but also serves as a foundational resource for clinicians and researchers aiming to develop innovative strategies for improving patient outcomes. Furthermore, our findings underscore the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration in advancing the understanding and treatment of ankle cartilage injuries. Ultimately, the visual characterization of these trends provides valuable insights into the field’s evolutionary trajectory, offering guidelines for future research directions and encouraging further exploration of this promising area.

IntroductionOur study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) in drug delivery research, focusing on the period between 2013 and 2023. Given the increasing global interest in this field, we utilized bibliometric tools to explore publication trends, key contributors, and thematic research clusters.MethodsData was collected from the Web of Science (WoS) database, and an in-depth bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer. The analysis encompassed bibliographic coupling, co-citation, co-authorship, and co-occurrence trends, offering a structured insight into global research activity. We also employed Citespace to further analyze thematic clusters in this domain.ResultsOur analysis revealed a total of 1,045 publications related to MSC-EVs in drug delivery over the past decade, showing a steady increase in research output. China led in publication count, H-index, prolific authors, and research funding, while the United States ranked highest in total citations, average citation counts, and H-index performance. Pharmaceutics emerged as the leading journal by publication volume, with the Journal of Controlled Release having the strongest total link strength. Top institutions driving research included Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhejiang University, and Harvard University. VOSviewer analysis identified four major research clusters: tissue engineering, cancer, neurological diseases, and targeted delivery. Citespace analysis refined this further into ten thematic areas, including differentiation, tissue regeneration, and drug resistance.DiscussionThis bibliometric assessment provides a holistic visualization of the research landscape for MSC-EVs in drug delivery, underlining the significant contributions of China and the United States. Our findings underscore the increasing global importance of MSC-EV research and highlight emerging themes that will likely guide future research directions. The insights from this study offer a foundational framework for identifying nascent frontiers in MSC-EV-based drug delivery.

OBJECTIVES:The repair of small and medium-sized defects in the oral has always been a challenge, free skin flap and distal pedicled tissue flaps are difficult to meet clinical needs, and the traditional under-chin flap has the risk of donor-area injury. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of V-shaped folded submental flap in the repair of small-sized and medium-sized oral defects.METHODS:The clinical data of 28 patients with oral defect lesions, who were hospitalized in the Department of Stomatology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from March 2019 to December 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into a V-shaped folded group (17 cases) and a conventional group (11 cases) according to different surgical methods. The V-shaped folded group was treated with a V-shaped folded submental flap for postoperative soft tissue repair, while the conventional group was treated with a conventional submental flap for repair. The postoperative follow-up time was 6-48 months. The survival status, repair time, and repair effect of the 2 groups were compared.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in flap survival rate, flap size, flap preparation time, repair surgery time, and postoperative hospital stay between the 2 groups (all P>0.05). At 6 months after the surgery, the V-shaped folded group had no difficulty in raising the head or everting the lower lip, no "cat ear" deformity in the submental skin. Scars in the V-shaped folding group were hidden at the lower edge of the mandible. The wound aesthetics and functional scores in the V-shaped folded group were significantly higher than those in the conventional group (both P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The V-shaped foldable submental flap has the advantages of flexible design, simple preparation, reliable blood supply, and protection of the donor area, which can effectively protect the appearance of the chin and avoid functional disorders.

Depression is a common psychological complication in osteoarthritis (OA) patients, and its incidence gets more and more attention year by year worldwide. This study investigates the association between OA and depression through a bibliometric analysis of published studies. It aims to identify leading authors, institutions, and countries to highlight research hotspots and suggest potential future directions. We collected publications on OA and depression from 1994 to 2024 using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) database. Bibliographic information, including authorship, country of origin, citation frequency, and visualizations, was generated using VOSviewer, R software, and CiteSpace. A total of 2,342 articles were identified. The United States led in publications with 906 articles, Boston University was the most prolific institution with 56 publications, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders was the top journal with 71 publications, and Stefania Maggi was the most productive author with 19 publications. The primary research hotspots identified were: “The relationship between depression and OA,” “Disability and prevalence,” and “Characteristics of older people suffering depression after OA.” Predicted future research frontiers include: “Treating depression in OA patients with multimorbidity,” “Psychometric properties of instruments for assessing depression and anxiety in OA patients,” “Depression or anxiety in patients with surgical intervention,” and “Other mental diseases in OA patients.” This bibliometric analysis underscores the importance of understanding the link between OA and depressive disorders, potentially guiding new research directions.

目的 基于"肠-肝-脑轴"理论探讨柔肝通络汤治疗肝肾阴虚型帕金森病的疗效及作用机制.方法 选取湖南省中医药研究院附属医院脑病科2018 年10 月—2020 年2 月收治的肝肾阴虚型帕金森病患者62 例作为研究对象,采用数字奇偶法分为对照组31 例和观察组31 例.对照组患者采用多巴丝肼片进行治疗,观察组患者在此基础上采用柔肝通络汤进行治疗,比较2 组患者治疗1 个月后临床疗效,观察2 组治疗前后肠道菌群及血清 5-羟色胺(5-HT)、α-突触核蛋白(α-Syn)水平和中医证候积分的变化.结果 观察组患者的临床总有效率为96.8%(30/31),明显高于对照组的80.7%(25/31)(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者肠道菌群中双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌含量明显增高(P均<0.05),酵母菌、肠杆菌含量均明显降低(P均<0.05),且观察组各菌群改善情况优于对照组(P 均<0.05),对照组治疗前后各菌群含量比较差异均无统计学意义(P 均>0.05);治疗后观察组患者血清 5-HT水平均明显高于治疗前及对照组(P均<0.05),α-Syn水平均明显低于治疗前及对照组(P均<0.05),对照组治疗前后 5-HT、α-Syn水平比较差异均无统计学意义(均>0.05);治疗后观察组患者中医证候积分均明显低于治疗前及对照组(P 均<0.05),对照组治疗前后中医证候积分变化不明显(P>0.05).结论 采用基于"肠-肝-脑轴"理论拟定的柔肝通络汤治疗肝肾阴虚型帕金森病临床疗效显著,其作用机制可能与调节肠道菌群及脑肠轴功能有关.

目的:探讨米氮平联合艾地苯醌治疗卒中后抑郁的疗效及安全性.方法:2019年1月-2019年6月收治卒中后抑郁患者84例,随机分为两组,各42例.观察组给予米氮平联合艾地苯醌治疗;对照组给予米氮平治疗.比较两组治疗效果.结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组治疗后第2、4、6周抑郁评分及日常生活能力评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:米氮平联合艾地苯醌治疗卒中后抑郁疗效显著,且不增加不良反应.

目的 观察滋肾活血方对血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/Akt信号通路的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制.方法 采用改良的双侧颈总动脉结扎法(2-VO法)建立大鼠VD模型,将大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、滋肾活血低剂量组、滋肾活血高剂量组和奥拉西坦组,每组8只.给药28 d后,HE染色观察大鼠海马组织CA1区变化,免疫组化和Western blot分别检测大鼠脑组织p-Akt、Akt、TrkB和BDNF蛋白的表达.结果 HE染色结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠海马组织CA1区损伤较严重,细胞核破裂,胞质浓缩,胞体变小;与模型组比较,滋肾活血低剂量组、滋肾活血高剂量组和奥拉西坦组大鼠海马组织CA1区损伤均明显减轻;免疫组化染色结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠脑组织p-Akt和Akt蛋白表达均明显升高(P<0.05),TrkB和BDNF蛋白表达均明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,滋肾活血低剂量组、滋肾活血高剂量组和奥拉西坦组大鼠脑组织p-Akt和Akt蛋白表达均明显降低(P<0.05),TrkB和BDNF蛋白表达均明显升高(P<0.05);Western blot检测结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠脑组织p-Akt蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05),TrkB和BDNF蛋白表达均明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,滋肾活血低剂量组、滋肾活血高剂量组和奥拉西坦组大鼠脑组织p-Akt蛋白表达均明显降低(P<0.05),TrkB和BDNF蛋白表达均明显升高(P<0.05).结论 滋肾活血方可提高VD大鼠学习记忆能力,其机制可能与下调VD大鼠脑组织p-Akt、Akt和上调TrkB、BDNF蛋白的表达有关.

目的:观察银杏内酯联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法:2019年1-6月本院收治急性脑梗死患者80例,随机分为两组,各40例.观察组采用银杏内酯联合依达拉奉治疗;对照组采用依达拉奉治疗.比较两组治疗效果.结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、Barthel指数评定量表(BI)评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:银杏内酯注射液联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死疗效显著,且未增加不良反应发生率.

目的 探讨急性脑卒中相关性肺炎(SAP)的危险因素.方法 本院2014年1月-2017年7月收治的323例诊断为急性脑卒中的住院病例进行回顾性分析,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析法探讨SAP的发生率、病死率及危险因素.结果 323例患者中SAP61例(18.89％),死亡11例(18.03％),非SAP262例(81.11％),死亡22例(8.40％),2组病死率有显著差异(P=0.025),危险因素包括年龄≥65岁、吸烟、吞咽障碍、NIHSS评分≥10分、意识障碍、基础肺部疾病、糖尿病、心房纤颤、低蛋白血症,但与性别、脑卒中类型、高血压病无关.结论 急性脑卒中相关性肺炎是卒中常见并发症之一,与多种因素有关,临床医师应引起足够重视,积极预防及有效治疗,从而降低SAP的发生率及病死率.

目的 观察草酸艾司西酞普兰联合米氮平治疗卒中后抑郁(PSD)的疗效.方法 选取医院收治的PSD患者80例为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例.对照组采用常规药物治疗,并给予草酸艾司西酞普兰治疗,观察组在此基础上加用米氮平治疗.观察2组治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、日常生活能力(BI)以及不良反应情况.结果 治疗前,2组HAMD、PSQI、BI评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,2组HAMD、PSQI评分均低于治疗前、BI评分高于治疗前,且观察组HAMD、PSQI、BI评分均优于对照组(P<0.01);观察组不良反应发生率为2.5％,低于对照组的17.5％(P<0.05).结论 草酸艾司西酞普兰联合米氮平可有效治疗PSD,能改善其睡眠质量,提高日常生活能力,有助于患者康复治疗,且不良反应发生率低,值得临床推广应用.

目的:探讨肠内营养支持对脑卒中并发吞咽功能障碍老年患者的临床效果.方法:收治脑卒中并发吞咽功能障碍老年患者150例,随机平均分两组.对照组采取传统的鼻饲管饮食,观察组实施肠内营养支持,观察两组神经功能受损状况及营养状况.结果:观察组神经功能受损的改善程度优于对照组,营养指标的下降幅度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:肠内营养支持可以改善脑卒中并发吞咽功能障碍老年患者的神经功能受损情况及营养状况.

线粒体脑肌病伴高乳酸血症和卒中样发作(mitochondrial enceph-alomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes, MELAS)是线粒体脑肌病的一种临床类型,临床比较少见,症状复杂多样,极易误诊为其他神经系统疾病.本研究收治了1例被反复误诊为"病毒性脑炎"的MELAS综合征患者,现报告如下.