Persistent corneal epithelial defects (PCED) remain a significant clinical challenge due to rapid tear turnover, blinking-induced shear stress, and a protease-rich ocular surface that limit the efficacy of soluble bioactive factors. We report a dual-functional self-assembling peptide hydrogel, mIGF-Gel (Biotin-DFYIGSSSR), incorporating the adhesion motif YIGSR derived from laminin and the SSSR bioactive motif derived from insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in a single design. The peptide forms a β-sheet-rich nanofibrous hydrogel with shear-thinning, viscoelastic, and self-recovering properties, enabling adaptation to the dynamic ocular surface. Compared with recombinant IGF-1, mIGF-Gel retains IGF-1-like bioactivity while providing enhanced proteolytic stability, ocular retention, and local delivery efficiency. Mechanistically, mIGF-Gel activates IGF-1 receptor-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling to promote corneal epithelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival. In an acute corneal injury model, topical mIGF-Gel accelerates re-epithelialization and improves epithelial repair quality. In a dexamethasone-suppressed delayed-healing model, once-daily administration achieves therapeutic outcomes comparable to three-times-daily IGF-1, while further enhancing epithelial stratification, basement membrane reconstruction, and early nerve repair. Collectively, these results establish mIGF-Gel as a bioactive, wound-adaptive peptide hydrogel that overcomes pharmacokinetic limitations and holds translational potential for the treatment of persistent epithelial defects, as demonstrated in both acute injury and a PCED-mimetic delayed-healing model.

AIM: To explore the effect and mechanism of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) inhibiting retinal neovascularization. METHODS: In vitro tests were performed on human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRECs) from three groups, including control group (normal oxygen), hypoxic group (hypoxia at 37℃, 1% O2, 5% CO2, and 94% N2), and LBP group (hypoxic group with LBP 100 μg/mL). In vivo experiments, C57 mice were divided into three groups: control group (normal rearing group), the oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR) group, and the OIR with 50 mg/kg LBP group. Retinal neovascularization was observed by fluorescein angiography and quantified. Retinal thickness was evaluated by Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stain. The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), protein kinase B (AKT), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in each group were analyzed by Western blot. IL-1β level in retina was analyzed using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The increased area of neovascular clusters in OIR mice was significantly decreased by LBP. Retinal thickness of OIR mice was significantly thinner compared with normal oxygenated mice and was increased in LBP group. Compared with those in the hypoxic groups, Western blotting of HRECs and retinal tissues revealed that the expression of EGFR, PI3K, p-mTOR, p-AKT, IL-1β, iNOS, and TNF-α decreased in the LBP group but was still greater than that in control group. Moreover, IL-1β was reduced in retinal sections treated with LBP. In the scratch test, the cell migration of the hypoxic group was significantly greater than that of the control group, while LBP treatment attenuated this increase in migration. CONCLUSION: LBP reduces retinal neovascularization and inflammation in vivo and inhibits the migration of HRECs in vitro by regulating the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Amniotic membrane extract (AME) is widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antiangiogenic properties, making it a valuable option for corneal wound healing. However, short retention time and rapid degradation of AME limit its clinical efficacy. In this study, we developed a novel AME-SupraGel that combines the therapeutic benefits of AME with the sustained-release capabilities of a supramolecular peptide-based hydrogel. The design of AME-SupraGel addresses the limitations of the AME solution by enhancing retention on the ocular surface and providing prolonged therapeutic action. In vitro scratch-wound assays demonstrated significantly faster wound closure in corneal epithelial cells treated with AME-SupraGel than in those treated with AME or the peptide hydrogel alone. Moreover, AME-SupraGel exhibited superior biocompatibility, as evidenced by CCK-8 assays, and achieved sustained release of hepatocyte growth factor over 54 h. In an alkali burn-induced corneal injury model, AME-SupraGel significantly reduced corneal opacity and neovascularization, promoted clearer corneal surfaces, and limited blood vessel formation compared to other treatments. Additionally, the stability of the active components of AME-SupraGel at different temperatures enhances its clinical convenience by facilitating long-term storage without compromising efficacy. Overall, AME-SupraGel represents a promising therapeutic strategy for corneal wound healing, offering a noninvasive, long-lasting, and effective treatment option for ocular surface injuries.

Introduction /Objective. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of combining traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) eye-coating agents with levofloxacin in treating patients with a hordeolum. Methods. Using convenience sampling, 110 patients with a hordeolum treated at Tianjin Eye Hospital between March and June 2018 were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: a coating agents group (coating agents + levofloxacin, n = 37), a wash group (eyelid wash + levofloxacin, n = 38) and a control group (levofloxacin alone, n = 35). Data on nodule size and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain were collected before treatment and at three, five and seven days after treatment. Treatment efficacy was assessed after seven days, and comparisons were made between the three groups regarding nodule size, VAS scores and therapeutic outcomes. Results: Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant time effects, group effects and time-group interactions for both nodule size and VAS scores (p < 0.05). Over time, all groups exhibited a significant reduction in nodule size and VAS scores compared with the baseline. Pairwise comparisons revealed that on days 3, 5 and 7, the order for nodule size and VAS scores was consistent across the groups: coating agents group = wash group < control group. Treatment efficacy comparisons were statistically significant (94.59% vs. 86.84% vs. 71.43%, ?2 = 7.622, p < 0.05), with the order from highest to lowest efficacy being as follows: coating agents? group = wash group > control group. Conclusion: The combination of TCM eye coating agents with levofloxacin shows promise in treating a hordeolum, effectively reducing eyelid swelling and pain, shortening healing time and improving treatment success rates.

Acupuncture has a long history of use in the treatment of various eye diseases, such as acquired paralytic strabismus, dry eye and optic atrophy, for which good results have been reported. However, there is an abundance of blood vessels in the eye, and needle penetration into the orbit may potentially puncture these blood vessels. Therefore, acupuncture treatment poses certain risks. Adverse events of acupuncture in ophthalmology have ranged from subcutaneous petechiae to ocular hematoma and even blindness. Ruolin et al.1 observed that the incidence of hematoma in suborbital acupuncture was 0.2%. Zhang and Zhang2 described two cases of anterior chamber hemorrhage and conjunctival hyperemia caused by acupuncture. Some researchers have mentioned puncture of the cornea or lens, resulting in traumatic cataract associated with acupuncture needles.3 Herein, we report two cases of perforating injury of the globe by acupuncture needles resulting in retinal injury.

葡萄膜炎是一类严重致盲的眼病,自身免疫是其主要致病原因之一,因其难治、病程久、反复发作等特点,一直以来困扰着患者及医生.实验性自身免疫性葡萄膜炎( experimental autoimmune uveitis, EAU)是研究人类自身免疫性葡萄膜炎的实验动物模型,通过用视网膜抗原在易感动物中诱导,临床特征明显、可重复性好,易于追踪研究与指标量化,是药物干预治疗评估的理想模型[1-2].

In this study, through animal experiments, we investigated the effects of Qingli Gandan decoction on the IL-23/IL-17 signalling pathway and the expression of CD4+/IL-17A+ cells in EAU rats. We then predicted the potential mechanisms of the action. First, Lewis rats were divided using the random number table method into a (1) control group, (2) model group and (3) TCM group. The TCM group was given a Qingli Gandan prescription by gavage after an intervention model. Next, blood, aqueous humour and vitreous were collected from each group on days 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 after immunisation. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the protein concentrations of IL-17 and IL-23 in a serum, aqueous humour and vitreous of rats on different immunisation days, and the percentage of CD4+/IL-17A+ cells in rat spleen was detected by flow cytometry. The peak concentration of serum IL-17 protein in group 3 was statistically lower than that in group 2 (P < 0.05) on days 4, 8 and 12 of immunisation. However, the peak concentration of serum IL-23 protein in group 3 was statistically lower than in group 2 (P < 0.05) on days 8 and 12 of immunisation; in addition, on days 8 and 12, the protein concentrations of IL-23 and IL-17 in the aqueous humour group 3 were all lower than those in group 2. On days 4, 8 and 12, the protein concentrations of IL-23 and IL-17 in vitreous in group 3 were significantly lower than those in group 2. We found that the proportion of CD4+/ IL-17A+ cells in the groups 2 and 3 increased on day 8 compared with group 1 (P < 0.05). The proportion of CD4+/IL-17A+ cells decreased in group 3 compared with group 2 (P < 0.05).At last, we think Qingli Gandan can reduce the onset of EAU in rats and treat it, presumably because of inhibiting the IL-23/IL-17 axis. It may inhibit the expression of CD4+/IL-17A+ cells and play a role in inhibiting the IL-23/IL-17 signalling pathway.

Background: The development and recovery(REC) of myopia is associated with changing of choroidal thickness(CT) in model of guinea pigs. In this process, Aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) is related to changes in choroidal thickness during the recovery from myopia, but the corresponding signaling pathway has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of JNK1 on CT/AQP-1 and the recovery from myopia.Methods: According to the different intravitreal injections in eyes that underwent form deprivation for 21 days, guinea pigs were divided into four groups: the REC group, the REC+anisomycin (agonist for JNK1, REC-AN) group, the REC+SP600125 (inhibitor for JNK1, REC-SP) group, and the REC+DMSO (REC-DM) group. Each group was divided into three subgroups according to the time of removal of the deprivation: 3 days (d), 7 d and 10 d. All animals underwent biometric measurements (refractive error, axial length (AL), and CT), and the protein expression of AQP-1 and p-JNK1 in the choroid was also measured.Results: In the REC and REC-DM groups, significant differences in CT/ refractive error /AL/p-JNK1 or AQP-1 were only found in the 3d group compared with the normal control (NC) group (all p<0.05). In the REC-AN group, CT/p-JNK1 or AQP-1 in the 3d group was significantly higher than that in the other 3d’ groups (all p<0.05), but no significant difference in refractive error or AL was found compared with that in the NC group (all p>0.05). In the REC-SP group, a significant difference in refractive error /CT/p-JNK1 or AQP1 was found in the 3d/7d group compared with the NC group (all p<0.05), but AL was only found in the 3d groups (both p=0.001).Conclusions: Changes in JNK1 phosphorylation can regulate AQP-1 and CT during the recovery from myopia and the recovery time. Thus, JNK1 may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing/treating myopia.

目的 观察平肝活血汤治疗非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变的临床疗效.方法 将2018年1月—2019年9月来天津市眼科医院就诊的早期非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变患者62例(72眼)随机分为对照组和治疗组.对照组给予静滴小牛血清去蛋白提取物注射液、肌肉注射甲钴胺注射液、颞浅动脉旁皮下注射复方樟柳碱等治疗;治疗组在对照组治疗基础上给予平肝活血汤口服.2组均以14 d为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程.观察比较2组患眼治疗前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、视野平均敏感度(MS)、视野平均缺损(MD)及视盘平均视网膜神经纤维层厚度(RNFL).结果 2组治疗后BCVA、MS、MD、RN-FL均较治疗前明显改善(P均<0.05),但2组治疗后BCVA、MS、MD、RNFL比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),2组治疗前后MS、MD、RNFL的差值比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论 平肝活血汤可改善视神经缺血状态,减轻视神经水肿及视神经损伤,有效保护视功能.

Optical coherence tomography(OCT) can be used for the observation and diagnosis of choroidal tumors(such as choroidal melanoma, choroidal metastasis, choroidal hemangioma, choroidal osteoma, etc.). The tumor surface morphology, the degree of retinal edema, the retinal inferior fluid, photoreceptor layer changes, retinal structural integrity, choroidal thickness, and abnormal reflection structure can be described qualitatively and quantitatively by OCT. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) can observe the characteristics of retinal and choroidal blood flow in the tumor and its surrounding tissues, and guide the treatment of choroidal tumors to a certain extent. ( Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2021, 45: 499-505)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) protein expression in the choroid and choroid thickness (CT) during the recovery of form-deprivation (FD) myopia in guinea pigs.Materials and Methods: Seventy-two guinea pigs were randomly assigned to the normal control (NC) group, FD 21 group (animals wore a latex facemask in the right eye for 21 days to induce FD myopia) and four recovery (REC) groups. Guinea pigs in the REC groups also wore the facemask for 21 days to induce myopia; then, the facemask was removed, and the eye was re-exposed to the normal environment for 12 hours (REC ½ group), 1 day (REC 1 group), 2 days (REC 2 group), and 7 days (REC 7 group). All animals underwent biometric measurements (refraction, axial length, and CT), and the protein expression of AQP-1 in the choroid was determined using western blotting.Results: The protein expression of AQP-1 and CT were significantly decreased in the FD 21 group as compared with those in the NC group (p = .007 and p < .001). Both AQP-1 protein expression and CT gradually increased and peaked in the REC 2 group. Additionally, there were significant differences in AQP-1 protein expression and CT between the REC 2 group and all other groups (all p < .05). We observed a complete recovery in the in REC 7 group as compared with the NC group (p > .05). AQP-1 protein expression was significantly associated with CT (p = .001) in all groups; however, there was a significant negative correlation (p = .029) between AQP-1 protein expression and axial length in the REC groups.Conclusions: AQP-1 protein expression in the choroid was upregulated following recovery of FD myopia in guinea pigs, and these changes correlated with alterations in CT and axial length.

目的 观察益气调血方药治疗葡萄膜炎黄斑囊样水肿的临床疗效.方法 选取2015年6月—2016年5月来自天津市眼科医院门诊及天津中医药大学第一附属医院眼科确诊为葡萄膜炎伴黄斑囊样水肿病人61例82眼,随机分为对照组及治疗组.对照组采用西医治疗,散瞳、糖皮质激素、非甾体抗炎药局部点眼及球周注射曲安奈德,治疗组局部点眼方法同对照组,加用口服我院药剂科代煎的益气调血方药.观察并记录患者治疗前及1个月、2个月、3个月、6个月的最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)和黄斑中心容积(CMV),12个月随访了解其复发情况.结果 在治疗后各时间点两组病例的BCVA、CMT及CMV比治疗前均有明显的改善(P<0.05),在治疗后各时间点两组间BCVA差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在治疗后1个月、3个月、6个月两组间的CMT及CMV比较无明显差别(P>0.05),而在治疗后2个月时治疗组的CMT和CMV比较均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).1年后对患者进行随访,显示对照眼有9例10眼复发,复发率为25％,治疗组有4例5眼复发,复发率为12％.结论 益气调血方药治疗葡萄膜炎黄斑囊样水肿疗效确切,能减轻黄斑水肿、改善患者视力,尤其在降低复发率方面优势明显.

Objective To compare the applied signification of optical and ultrasonic biometry in observing the axial length of eyes with vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment. Methods This is a prospective clinical study. We randomly selected 57 cases (57 eyes) with vitreous hemorrhage and (or) retinal detachment from May 1, 2016 to May 31. Patients had not been performed eye surgery, also denied the history of ocular trauma and excluded other eye diseases. 25 eyes with vitreous hemorrhage, 24 eyes with retinal detachment, 8 eyes complicated with vitreous and retinal detachment hemorrhage. At 24 hours before surgery, we measured axial length using the Lenstar LS 900, immersion B-ultrasound (IB) and immersion A-ultrasound (IA). The differences between three methods were assessed with paired sample t-test. Results IB and IA data was collected from all 57 eyes, there was no statistical significance between measurements of IB and IA (P > 0.05). In the eyes with serious refractive medium opacity (36 eyes), the results showed no statistical significance difference between measurements of IB and IA (P > 0.05). The measurements of three groups can be obtained from the rest eyes (21 eyes): significant statistical difference of the measurements between IB and Lenstar was detected[(24.057±1.441)mm vs(23.470±1.775)mm],(t=3.099, P < 0.05) same results between IA and Lenstar was obtained [(23.962±1.443) mm vs (23.470±1.775) mm], difference was statistically significant (t=2.643, P < 0.05). But the measurements showed no statistical significance difference between the measurements of IB and IA (P > 0.05). Conclusions In the eyes with vitreous hemorrhage and (or) retinal detachment, the measurements of axial length could not be achieved or existed deviations on account of refractive medium opacity when using optical biometry. Under such circumstances, we should choose IA or IB as the optimization method to obtain measurements, in order to get much more accurate results.

[Objective] To take the study on efficacy and the mechanism of the conjunctivitis model with Qingre Mingmu decoction by ultrasonic atomizing method.[Methods] Put Qingre Mingmu decoction as test samples, and the left Ofloxacin Eye Drops as control. Estab-lish rabbit conjunctivitis model with micro-injector trickle of cantharid in tincture. Then observe the eye irritation symptom, conjunctiva histopathology and the expression of IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha by immunohistochemical staining of every group. [Results] Each group determine the successful model and immediately corresponding treatment. Comparing with the model group, pathological histological observation of Qingre Mingmu concentration group and the control group had significant difference (P<0.05). IL-1beta control group and traditional Chinese medicine concentrations less expression in the epithelial cell layer, but both better than the model group.IL-6 and TNF-alpha were mainly expressed in the epithelial cell layer, Model group on the cortical expression of the most obvious difference. [Conclusion] There was obvious effect on Qingre Mingmu ultrasonic atomization method treating conjunctivitis. Immunohistochemical localization of rabbit conjunctivitis model of inflammatory factors of IL-1 β, IL-6 and TNF- α, and qualitative analysis, show that there is a close relationship between conjunctivitis and the factors. The severity of inflammatory factor expression can reflect the conjunctival disease.

Objective] To investigate the efficacy of Qingre Mingmu decoction by ultrasonic atomization method in the treatment of acute conjunctivitis. [Methods] The 308 cases, 616 eyes of patients diagnosed with acute conjunctivitis were randomly divided into three groups, by the statistical test, three overall comparable. There are 110 cases (220 eyes) in treatment group, 108 patients with 216 eyes in a control group and 90 cases (180 eyes) in the Chinese medicine group. The control group uses levofloxacin eye drops, 4 times every day;treatment group on the basis of the control group, add Qingre Mingmu decoction by ultrasonic atomization smoked eye, 1 day, 20 min/time;the Chinese medicines single group uses Qingre Mingmu decoction by ultrasonic atomization smoked eyes, once a day, 20 min/time. 3 day and 1 week after treatment, the clinical results of patients with symptoms and signs should be evaluated. [Results] 1) Total effective rate of treatment group was 98.19%, control group was 88.97%and the Chinese Medicine group was 88.89%. 2) Treatment of the signs and symptoms before and after taking the difference of the comparative analysis, the degree of improvement of the overall treatment group to be higher than that of the control group. [Conclusion] 1) The acute conjunctivitis treated by ultrasonic atomization method Qingre Mingmu decoction has a clear purpose. 2) Ultrasonic atomization method is scientific and effective. By the ultrasonic atomization method with Qingre Mingmu decoction, treatment of acute conjunctivitis is in improving symptoms of eye.

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is a refractory eye disease with obvious symptoms and unclear etiology.With the development of ophthalmology of Chinese medicine and further recognition of the disease,better clinical effects have been obtained.This article reviewed the related issues.

目的 利用超声雾化法观察中药治疗干眼症的临床效果.方法 利用中药超声雾化手段对100例干眼症患者进行治疗,观察指标包括泪液分泌试验、泪膜破碎时间、角膜荧光染色.结果 经过治疗的千眼症患者,痊愈率8%,显效率为50%,有效率为39%,无效率3%,总有效率为97%.结论 中药超声雾化法治疗干眼症具有明显改善作用.