Objective:To explore the effect of online group positive psychological intervention on the professional quality of life and professional values of oncology nurses.Methods:From November 2020 to March 2021, 100 oncology nurses from Peking University Cancer Hospital were selected as the study subjects. The nurses were divided into intervention group (50 cases) and control group (50 cases) by random number table. The control group received routine intervention, and the intervention group received online group intervention with the theme of "happy work" on the basis of the control group. The professional quality of life and professional values of the two groups of nurses were compared before, immediately after, one month and three months after the intervention.Results:Immediately after intervention, the score of compassion satisfaction in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group and before intervention, and the score of burnout was lower than that in the control group and before intervention. One month after the intervention, the score of compassion satisfaction in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group and before intervention. Three months after the intervention, the score of professional values in the intervention group was higher than that before intervention. The above differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Online group positive psychological intervention can improve the professional quality of life of oncology nurses in a short time, and has an effect on promoting professional values.

目的 从患者视角深入了解已完成新辅助免疫治疗临床试验患者在其参与过程中的角色感知和体验,为新辅助免疫治疗方案临床试验设计中增加患者视角,进一步促进新辅助免疫治疗用药的发展及提升我国肿瘤患者的整体诊治水平提供参考和依据.方法 采用现象学研究方法,以目的抽样选取13例已完成新辅助免疫治疗临床试验患者,进行半结构式访谈,并运用Colaizzi7步分析法对资料进行分析.结果 患者参与新辅助免疫治疗临床试验的角色感知归纳为4个主题,分别为药物发展的"试验品"、新药实践的志愿者与促进者、新药方案的参与者与评价者、医学进步的受益者.患者在新辅助免疫治疗临床试验中的参与体验归纳为3个主题,分别为来自研究团队的关怀,新辅助免疫临床试验过程中的担心与困扰(免疫不良反应的不确定性、医疗资源的不便捷性、随访检查的频繁性),医院、社会缺少对临床试验的相关宣传(试验获取途径受限、积极与支持环境的欠缺、尊重与理解的需求).结论 患者在新辅助免疫治疗临床试验参与中尚需改善其"试验品"的负性感知,参与体验也反映了目前新辅助免疫治疗临床试验中存在的相关问题,护理人员需要重视患者在试验参与中的体验,针对患者需求完善健康教育方案,提升社会支持,进而提高我国新辅助免疫治疗临床试验的质量.

目的 运用Rodgers演化概念分析法界定老年人的社会参与,以期为护理实践提供参考.方法 系统检索中国知网、万方数据、维普网、PubMed、Web of Science和CINAHL数据库.搜索时限为建库至2021年3月.根据纳入标准选取56篇文献,以Rodgers演化概念分析法为框架对老年人的社会参与进行分析界定.结果 老年人的社会参与涉及6个定义性特征,包括参与社会活动、参与社会互动、参与资源分享、参与社会角色、实现个人价值和提升生活质量为导向.相关因素包括个体因素、家庭因素、社区因素和社会支持;结局指标包括身体功能、认知功能、心理状态、生命价值感、生活质量以及护理成本等.结论 社会参与能力是评估老年人健康的重要指标之一,界定老年人社会参与,有助于护理人员理解老年人社会参与的本质,以期更好地提升老年人的健康水平.

目的 了解空巢家庭老年配偶应对慢性病共病的体验,并探讨其压力感知特征和变化.方法 采用质性研究方法,对16名老年配偶进行半结构化深度访谈,使用主题分析法对资料进行整理分析.结果 慢性病共病空巢老年配偶压力感知和应对体验共形成4个主题:承担多重角色、感知共病压力动态多变、共病应对中的冲突和困惑、积极应对策略和收获.结论 慢性病共病给空巢家庭老年人生活带来挑战,医护人员应深入了解老年配偶的压力特征及变化、压力应对中的冲突和困惑,以及源于老年配偶智慧总结的应对策略,为实施以家庭为一体的慢性病共病管理干预项目提供依据.

Objective To analyze the development trend and research hotspots in the field of health care for the elderly in China.Methods Based on NoteExpress software and Nvivo software, the related literatures in the field of health care for the elderly since the establishment of China Journal Full-text Database（ CNKI）, Wanfang database and VIP database were statistically and visually analyzed by bibliometrics. Results A total of 903articles in the field of health care for the elderly were published on the three platforms. The number of articles increased rapidly after 2015,accounting for 92.35% of the total number of articles. The research hotspots in this field mainly focus on health care services, health care service industry, health care service system, health care service mode and combination of medical care, intelligent health care, and traditional Chinese medicine health care.Conclusion The research on health care for the elderly is of epochal character. In recent years, the field of health care for the elderly has attracted the attention of domestic scholars.

目的 系统评价老年人应对慢性病共病的体验.方法 检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文期刊全文数据库,检索时限为建库至2021年8月,检索老年人应对慢性病共病体验的质性研究文献,依据2016版澳大利亚乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准评价文献质量,采用Meta整合方法分析结果.结果 共纳入15篇文献,提炼出60个研究结果,整合成10个新的类别,综合为3个整合结果:慢性病共病协同衰老所致改变;对慢性病共病的反思和反应;调适以维持正常生活.结论 慢性病共病协同衰老给老年人生活造成多方面的挑战,医护人员应关注其对共病不同应对方式,重视源于其智慧总结的应对策略,设计、开发可行的应对共病的干预性支持项目.

目的 探讨用心陪伴干预对治疗期乳腺癌患者配偶自我效能的影响.方法 采用自身前后对照研究设计,选取2018年4月-5月北京市某医科大学4所附属医院乳腺外科的32名女性乳腺癌患者配偶为研究对象,实施用心陪伴干预,包括勇于担当(多干活)、相伴左右(多陪伴)和心灵沟通(多谈心).采取个体化面对面干预,时长45 min,并分别在干预前、干预后2周采用癌症自我效能量表-配偶版、焦虑自评量表进行测量.结果 干预前,乳腺癌患者配偶的癌症自我效能得分为(144.25±30.76)分、焦虑得分为(34.14±6.94)分;干预后2周,乳腺癌患者配偶的癌症自我效能得分为(163.91±26.74)分、焦虑得分为(29.26±4.56)分,干预前后比较,差异均具有统计学意义(t=-3.940,P＜0.001;t=4.248,P＜0.001).结论 用心陪伴干预能提高配偶照顾乳腺癌患者的自我效能,并降低其焦虑水平.

探究高校微信公众平台的信息推送方式和信息受众的阅读习惯对平台运营效果的影响.从是否认证、机构类型、信息推送和阅读时间、单次推送信息数目、信息阅读量分级分布这5个维度,对不同类型高校微信公众平台运行现状展开数据深度挖掘研究.发现高校微信公众平台运营者和信息受众的行为具有以周为周期波动的特点,合理的推送策略可以取得事半功倍的运营效果,为广大高校微信公众平台运营者更好地运营平台提供参考.