癫痫是由多种原因导致脑部神经元异常放电,从而引起短暂神经功能障碍的神经系统常见疾病.全世界至少有6500 万人受其影响,在发达国家其年发病率是0.5‰,而患病率接近 7‰[1].

癫痫患者骨折的风险是正常人的2～6倍 [1],此类患者出现的骨质流失和骨折发生率增加还存在许多未解决的问题.过去两年发表的论文关注了抗癫痫药物(antiepileptic drugs, AEDs)对骨骼系统的影响,以及癫痫患者骨质疏松和骨折的风险.这些危险因素包括长期使用AEDs、多药联合以及女性性别等.本文综述AEDs诱导骨质减少的发病机制,并建立癫痫人群骨质疏松症的管理和预防指南 [1-11].

Epileptic seizures after stroke and post stroke epilepsy (PSE) are the main causes of elderly patients with epilepsy. More and more doctors and researchers have devoted to clinical and basic trails relevant to them, hoping obtain a scientific and unitive guideline for timely and effectively treatment. This review will focus on definition, pathogenesis, risk factors, attack types, clinical diagnosis and treatment as follows to improve the understanding of the clinical peers.