Objective Through the relationship between climatic factors such as average temperature, relative humidity, sunshine duration and the number of outpatient visits of psoriasis patients, the influence of climatic factors on the pathogenesis of psoriasis was discussed. Methods We collected daily local outpatient visits' data for psoriasis from The Fifth People's Hospital of Hainan Province in Haikou, Hainan, from January 1 2016 to December 31 2018. Climatic factors, including average temperature, relative humidity, sunshine duration, during the same time were collected from Hainan Meteorological Bureau. Firstly, sequence diagrams were used to observe the average temperature, relative humidity and sunshine duration to determine the stationarity of sequence diagrams. Secondly, through the autocorrelation figure, partial autocorrelation, periodic correlation diagram was used to determine whether there is the correlation, and delay order number. The simple linear regression was carried out to determine the relationship between the various factors. Finally, the summation of time series analysis of the independent variable ARIMAX (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with an Independent variable) was used to fit the model and ultimately determine which climatic factors contribute to psoriasis. ARIMAX model parameters are calculated by auto-arima function in R language software. Results Weekly outpatient visits for psoriasis was correlated with the weekly average sunshine duration and the weekly average temperature, but not with humidity. There was a significant correlation between the weekly average temperature and the sunshine duration. The regression equation between them was as follows: Average temperature =183.427 + 0.159 23x duration of sunshine duration ( R 2 =0.512 4, P <0.001). Conclusions Changes in average temperature or sunshine duration can cause changes in the number of outpatient visits for psoriasis patients in Hainan province. These two climatic factors may be the influencing factors for the incidence of psoriasis patients in Hainan Province. 摘要：目的 通过平均气温、相对湿度和日照时长等气候因素与银屑病患者门诊就诊人数之间的联系, 探讨气候 因素对银屑病发病的影响。 方法 收集自2016年1月1日到2018年12月31日海南省第五人民医院银屑病患者门诊 每周的就诊人数。同时收集同一时间的气象资料 , 包括平均气温、相对湿度 、 日照时长等, 所有气候数据均来自海南省 气象局。首先通过时序图观察获知平均气温、相对湿度、日照时长的变化趋势, 初步确定时序图的平稳性, 再通过自相 关图、偏自相关相关图确定是否存在自相关性、周期性、以及延迟阶数, 并通过简单线性回归确定各因素之间的关系, 最后通过时间序列分析中带自变量的求和自回归移动平均模型（Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with an Independent variable, ARIMAX)来拟合模型, 最终确定哪些气候因素是银屑病发病的影响因素。ARIMAX模型参数通过R 语言软件中的自动定阶auto.arima函数来计算获得。 结果 每周银屑病就诊人数与周平均日照时长和周平均气温之间 存在相关性, 与相对湿度不存相关性;而周平均气温与周日照时长之间存在明显相关性, 两者间回归方程:平均气温= 183.427+0.159 23X周日照时长( R 2 =0.512 4, P <0.001)。 结论 平均气温或日照时长的变化可以引起海南省银屑病患者 门诊就诊人数的变化, 此两项气候因素可能是海南省银屑病患者发病的影响因素。

目的 调查新型冠状病毒肺炎防控期间海南省援鄂医护人员发生皮肤病的流行病学特点,为临床医护人员采取合理有效的预防方法提供参考.方法 2020年4月6日-2020年4月9日将调查问卷通过“问卷星”网络平台向海南省医护人员发布,采用自愿参与、“问卷星”在线填写的方法完成调研.此次完成调查的海南省医护人员共325名,按是否参加新型冠状病毒疫情防控期间援鄂分为海南省援鄂医护人员172人(A组)和海南省非援鄂医护人员153人(B组),调查此期间皮肤病患病情况和相关影响因素,并进行统计学分析.结果 A组皮炎湿疹类皮肤病患病率为56.4％(97/172),B组为41.2％(63/153),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).其中接触性皮炎发生率分别为34.3％(59/172),B组为21.6％(33/153),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);进行多因素Logistic逐步回归分析发现,A组同B组比较,援鄂皮炎湿疹类皮肤病发生(OR=1.82),而洗手后使用保湿产品次数每增加1次(OR=0.91).两组医护人员在皮肤压痕、摩擦红斑和摩擦水疱的发生率差异有统计学意义,分析发现年龄每增加1岁,压力性损伤发生(OR=0.87).两组医护人员手部浸渍和痱子的发生率差异有统计学意义,A组同B组比较(OR=2.37);防护等级每升高1级(OR=1.40),穿戴防护用品时间每增加1 h(OR=1.74).结论 海南省援鄂医务人员与非援鄂医务人员相比,发生皮炎湿疹类皮肤病和物理性皮肤病的风险性更大,防护等级越高,出现皮肤病的可能性越大;注意保湿产品的使用,尤其是手部保湿产品在预防皮肤病的发生方面尤为重要.另外,年龄增加是发生压力性皮肤损伤的保护性因素.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of HIV-1 drug resistance and genotypic mutations in Hainan province. Methods Blood samples were collected from HIV/AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for more than one year with HIV-1 viral loads over 1 000 copies/mL from 2014 to 2016, and HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance testing was performed. Prevalence and the characteristics of drug resistance were analyzed. Results A total of 88 patients were enrolled and complete gene sequence was obtained in 68 cases of HIV-1 drug resistance genotypic mutation with CRF01_AE (57 patients, 83.82％) as dominating strains. Drug resistance was detected in 42 (61.76％) patients. The resistance mutations rate of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) were 54.41％, 61.76％ and 2.94％ respectively. The major drug resistant mutations of NRTIs were M184 V/I, and K65 R. The major drug resistant mutations of NNRTIs were Y181 C/I/V/L, G190 A/S, and K103 N, and in PIs were M46 I, and N88 ND. The rates of high resistance to lamivudine, zidovudine, tenofovir, efavirenz and nevirapine were 45.59％, 4.41％, 13.24％, 41.12％ and 60.29％ respectively. The rates of high resistance to lopinavir/ritonavir was not found. Conclusion Drug resistance of HIV/AIDS patients with HARRT is low in Hainan province. NNRTI resistance is the most common, presenting multiple drug resistance. The treatment assessment and drug resistance should be monitored to reduce the spreading of drug resistant strains.

梅毒筛查是梅毒防控的重要手段之一,尤其是对暗娼、男男性行为者(MSM)等高危人群的筛查,能及时发现梅毒患者,及时治愈传染源,控制疾病的进一步传播.但目前国内对于不同人群筛查中发现的梅毒血清学阳性者多数为口头或短信告知,由病人自行就诊.而这些梅毒的可疑患者是否真的去正规医疗机构确诊治疗,并无确切数据信息.如果筛查出来的梅毒患者未得到及时诊治,未控制和消除传染源,其筛查工作的意义就大打折扣了[1].为了解三亚市不同人群梅毒血清学筛查阳性者的转介情况,对2015年4月至2016年12月相关情况进行分析,结果如下.

目的 研究海南省新生儿先天性梅毒的危险因素,为进一步预防与控制梅毒母婴传播提供科学数据.方法 对发生先天梅毒的新生儿进行巢式病例对照研究,随访调查海南省2007-2014年期间符合本研究纳入标准的新生儿,将发生先天梅毒的新生儿作为病例组,将健康生育的新生儿作为对照组,分析探索新生儿先天梅毒的危险因素.结果 随访期间共发生53例新生儿先天性梅毒,单因素logistic回归分析表明孕妇血清TRURST滴度(OR=2.04,90％CI:1.73～2.42)和分娩前未驱梅治疗(OR=1.82,90％CI:1.09～2.42)以及分娩前治疗药物是普鲁卡因青霉素(OR=2.54,90％CI:,1.11～5.82)是新生儿先天性梅毒发病的危险因素.进一步多因素logistic回归分析表明孕妇血清TRURST滴度每升高一个滴度,新生儿先天性梅毒发病风险增加1.23倍;分娩前未治疗孕妇梅毒较已治疗孕妇的新生儿先天性梅毒发病风险高1.09倍.结论 新生儿先天性梅毒的危险因素有孕妇血清TRUST高滴度,以及分娩前孕妇梅毒未进行治疗,应加大对这两方面的干预,以期达到控制梅毒垂直传播的目的.