目的 系统评价中国青少年心理亚健康状态的检出率及分布特征,为了解我国青少年心理亚健康状态情况提供参考.方法 通过计算机检索中英文数据库,筛选2008年1月-2020年3月关于我国青少年心理亚健康状态检出率的文献,采用随机效应模型合并青少年心理亚健康状态的检出率,并对性别、年级、地区及时间分组指标进行亚组分析.结果 有17篇文献被纳入本研究,合计样本量为63060人,青少年心理亚健康状态检出率为15.50％ (95％CI:13.04％～18.31％).亚组分析显示,我国青少年心理亚健康状态,高中生的检出率最高(18.99％),大学生检出率最低(9.52％),初中生居中(14.03％).2016-2020年检出率最高(16.75％),2011-2015年检出率居中(16.38％),2008-2010年检出率最少(11.46％).结论 我国青少年心理亚健康状态检出率较高,且在年级及时间分布上存在差异,应引起重视.

目的:了解高中生家庭亲密度、适应性与心理亚健康的关系,为促进青少年心理健康提供依据.方法:抽取山东省某市1286名高中生,利用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷、家庭亲密度和适应性量表中文版进行问卷调查.结果:女生在家庭亲密度上显著高于男生(t=-2.38,P＜0.05),重点学校、城市学生及独生子女在家庭亲密度和适应性上均高于普通学校、农村学生及非独生子女(t = 3.76,3.22,2.75,2.68,2.21,2.39;P＜0.05);极端型家庭学生心理亚健康症状数最多,中间型家庭学生心理亚健康症状数次之,而平衡型家庭心理亚健康症状数最少;心理亚健康症状数与家庭亲密度和适应性得分呈显著负相关(r =-0.370,-0.349;P＜0.05).结论:心理亚健康状态与家庭亲密度和适应性存在关联.

抗精神病药物是目前儿童青少年精神分裂症患者的主要治疗手段,本文对药物治疗儿童青少年精神分裂症的研究进展进行了综述,并对超说明书用药问题进行了讨论.

目的 了解枣庄市亚健康状态高中生的学校适应能力和人格特征,为高中生心理行为干预研究提供依据.方法 采用方便抽样的方法抽取山东省枣庄市1 288名高中生,利用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷、高中生学校适应量表、大五人格问卷对调查对象进行问卷调查.结果 高中生亚健康状态检出率为27.8％,其中躯体、心理和身心亚健康状态的检出率分别为7.7％,10.2％和9.9％.亚健康者的学校适应能力明显低于健康者,且人格特征与健康者差异均有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).多元线性回归分析结果显示,影响躯体亚健康的主要因素为学习适应、学校态度、集体适应、同伴关系和神经质,影响心理亚健康的主要因素为学习适应、师生亲密、同伴关系、神经质和宜人性,影响身心亚健康的主要因素为学习适应、情绪适应、同伴关系、神经质和开放性(P值均＜0.05).结论 高中生亚健康状态检出率较高,亚健康状态与学校适应及人格特征有一定的关系.

Objective To explore the relationship between self-esteem,personality,life events and school adjustment in senior high school students.Methods A total of 1 229 senior high school students were investigated with Scale of School Adjustment for High School Students (SSAHSS),Scale of Self-esteem for High School Students (SSHSS),Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Multidimensional Life Events Rating Questionnaire for Middle School Students (MLERQ).Results According to the scores of SSAHSS,the senior high school students were selected into two groups with the critical ratio,high school adjustment group and low school adjustment group.The academic self-esteem,interpersonal self-esteem and social self-esteem dimension scores of SSHSS in high school adjustment group were all significantly higher than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The extroversion,openness and caution dimension scores of NEO-FFI in high school adjustment group were all significantly higher than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05),and the neuroticism dimension score of NEO-FFI in high school adjustment group was significantly lower than that in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The peer relationship,school life dimension scores and total score of MLERQ in high school adjustment group were all significantly lower than those in low school adjustment group (P ＜ 0.05).The total score of SSAHSS in all subjects were positively correlated to the academic self-esteem and social self-esteem dimension scores of SSHSS,as to the extroversion,caution and openness dimension scores of NEO-FFI(P ＜ 0.05),but negatively correlated to neuroticism dimension score of NEO-FFI,and all dimension scores and total score of MLERQ (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion School maladjustment may be correlated to low self-esteem,high neuroticism personality and negative life events in the senior high school students.