The immune system has a substantial impact on the growth and expansion of lung malignancies. Immune cells are encompassed by a stroma comprising an extracellular matrix (ECM) and different cells like stromal cells, which are known as the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). TME is marked by the presence of immunosuppressive factors, which inhibit the function of immune cells and expand tumor growth. In recent years, numerous strategies and adjuvants have been developed to extend immune responses in the TIME, to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we outline the present knowledge of immune evasion mechanisms in lung TIME, explain the biology of immune cells and diverse effectors on these components, and discuss various approaches for overcoming suppressive barriers. We highlight the potential of novel adjuvants, including toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, cytokines, phytochemicals, nanocarriers, and oncolytic viruses, for enhancing immune responses in the TME. Ultimately, we provide a summary of ongoing clinical trials investigating these strategies and adjuvants in lung cancer patients. This review also provides a broad overview of the current state-of-the-art in boosting immune responses in the TIME and highlights the potential of these approaches for improving outcomes in lung cancer patients.

人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)的蓬勃兴起为现代社会带来了前所未有的机遇,中医药是中华民族传承千年的文化瑰宝.随着人工智能技术不断在中医药领域的科技创新中崭露头角,二者的融合不断加深,人工智能在中医药领域的发展前景、争议挑战也引发了诸多思考.本文将从人工智能在中医药领域的应用入手,对人工智能辅助中医诊断、智能决策与数据挖掘、健康管理及中草药现代化研究等方面,就近年来国内外研究进展进行总结与分析,以期为AI视域下实现中医药现代化、智能化赋能.

卒中后抑郁(PSD)是一种常见的卒中发生后疾病,不仅影响患者的康复效果,降低其生活质量,还会增加卒中复发的风险并导致死亡率增高.西药虽然作为常规治疗方法,但易引起心动过速、尿潴留与肢体震颤等不良反应.中医药领域的针刺疗法历史悠久、特色鲜明,可与多学科融合形成新型综合疗法,可有效改善患者的抑郁症状,并降低西药带来的副作用,具有极佳的发展前景.本文基于学科交叉,以综合疗法为载体,从针刺与西医学、心理学、计算机科学及物理学结合等方面,对中医药视域下多学科交叉治疗PSD的相关文献进行综述,以期为医学领域深入研究PSD提供参考借鉴.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of polyphenol extract from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. (ZPPC) on endocrine hormones, monoamine oxidase activity and behavior in a mouse model of climacteric depression.Methods: Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) female albino mice (n = 50) weighing 24 – 26 g (mean wt = 25.0 ± 1.0 g) were randomly assigned to five groups of ten rats each: normal control group, negative control, and ZPPC (50 mg/kg), ZPPC (100 mg/kg) and ZPPC (200 mg/kg) groups. Depression was induced in the mice via oral administration of moclobemide at a dose of 20 mg/kg, and intraperitoneal injection of imipramine (20 mg/kg) 1 h and 30 min, before treatment. Tail suspension, forced swimming and voluntary activity tests were performed on the mice. The activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in mouse brain and the levels of endocrine hormones were also determined.Results: Treatment of depressed mice with ZPPC significantly and dose-dependently increased their tail suspension and immobility time (p < 0.05). The activity of monoamine oxidase in the brains of mice in the negative control group was significantly higher than that of normal control mice, but was significantly and dose-dependently reduced by ZPPC treatment (p < 0.05). Similarly, treatment of depressed mice with ZPPC significantly and dose-dependently reduced their serum adrenocorticotropin and corticosterone levels (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that ZPPC exerts antidepressant effect via suppression of brain MAO activity. Keywords: Climacteric depression, Endocrine hormones, Menopause, Monoamine oxidase, Polyphenols

本研究探讨了周亚滨教授对缓慢性心律失常的认识及临证用药特点,初步总结周亚滨教授治疗缓慢性心律失常的临证经验.周教授认为本病多本虚标实证,辨证从辨虚实、辨病因、辨脉象等方面着手.益气温阳、活血化瘀通络、养心安神为主要治法.周教授对本病的诊疗思路缜密,临床收效显著,对本病的诊治经验值得交流学习.

目的:观察艾灸隔大黄贴预防榄香烯注射液所致静脉炎的临床疗效.方法:将80例患者随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各40例,观察组自静脉滴注榄香烯注射液首日开始,采用艾条隔大黄贴温和灸,对照组暂不处置,两组患者发生静脉炎后,均给予硫酸镁湿敷,14天为一疗程.比较两组静脉炎发生率、发生时间与程度、彩色多普勒血流成像及D-二聚体改变情况.结果:观察组与对照组静脉炎发生率分别为50％与95％,两组比较P＜0.01;观察组静脉炎发生时间与程度均明显低于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组彩色多普勒血流成像减弱、消失例数分别为15、2,明显低于对照组的24、4(P＜0.05);观察组D-二聚体升高例数程度明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:艾灸隔大黄贴可有效预防榄香烯注射液所致静脉炎.

脑卒中后遗症是一种好发于中老年患者的脑血管疾病,发病率、致残率及致死率均较高,脑卒中偏瘫半年以上的患者,肌力、关节灵活性的恢复皆基本处于停滞状态,亦常见关节疼痛.针刺在治疗中的作用日渐明确,受到广泛关注.本研究整理了针刺疗法的临床研究,常采用体针、头针以及其他针法,并对于针刺的作用机制进行了探讨,梳理相关实验研究内容,其主要作用机制在于减轻炎症反应、调节神经-体液途径、减轻氧化应激反应损伤、保护神经细胞、促进血管的修复和再生.

Objective To observe the effect of elemene injection for the maintenance treatment of malignant pleural effusion.Methods A total of 90 patients with malignant pleural effusion from May 2014 to Apirl 2016 in First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected.They were divided into observation group (n =45) and control group (n =45) according to the random number table method.The patients of the two groups were treated with pleural effusion drainage through thoracocentesis,and Mannatide (Lifein) and carboplatin were poured.The observation group sequentially received maintenance treatment of elemene injection.The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared.Results At the 12th month after treatment,the difference of relapse rate between the two groups was statistically significant(82.2％ vs.100.0％,x2 =8.780,P =0.003).The median progression-free survival (95％ CI) of the observation group and the control group were 10.00 (9.15-10.85) months and 6.00(4.74-7.26) months respectively,with a significant difference (x2 =40.475,P ＜ 0.001).The improvement rates of life quality of the observation group were 82.22％,57.78％,54.55％ respectively at one,six,twelve months after perfusion treatment,and the improvement rates of the control group were 84.44％,23.26％,0 respectively.The data differences between the two groups were statistically significant at six,twelve months (x2 =10.840,P =0.001;x2 =32.390,P ＜ 0.001).The one year survival rates of the observation group and the control group were 97.78％ and 95.56％,and the difference was statistically significant (P =1.000).Conclusion The effect of elemene injection for the maintenance treatment of malignant pleural effusion is obvious,which can prolong the progression-free survival time and can significantly improve the quality of life.