目的:确定热水浸提法提取内蒙古肉苁蓉多糖的最优条件.方法:选取热水浸提法提取内蒙古肉苁蓉多糖,把内蒙古肉苁蓉作为原材料,以内蒙古肉苁蓉多糖提取率为响应值,通过单因素实验找到最优单因素条件,再将单因素实验结果利用响应面法对内蒙古肉苁蓉多糖的提取条件进行优化.结果:实验结果表明,热水浸提法的最优条件是:液料比为45∶1(mL∶g)、热水浸提温度为 100℃,时间为 130 min、乙醇醇沉浓度为 100%.在此条件下,内蒙古肉苁蓉的多糖提取率为11.207%,与响应面法预测值 11.609%非常接近.结论:通过实验证明采用响应面法对内蒙古肉苁蓉多糖提取工艺得到的优化条件合理可靠,可为下一步工业化生产提供可靠的依据.

目的 探讨肉苁蓉多糖(CDP)对人急性白血病细胞系Jurkat细胞凋亡的影响.方法 利用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测CDP对细胞增殖的影响,Western印迹检测凋亡相关蛋白含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶(caspase)-9和caspase-3的活化情况,同时检测CDP诱导细胞凋亡的相关信号分子.结果 CDP在1 mg/ml和2 mg/ml浓度下,能够抑制T细胞增殖,CDP浓度5 mg/ml能够诱导细胞凋亡,表现为pro-caspase-9和pro-caspase-3的含量显著降低.高剂量CDP(5 mg/ml)能抑制细胞膜表面受体CD45和CD71的表达,诱导细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)磷酸化并抑制c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)磷酸化.结论 CDP能够诱导Jurkat细胞凋亡,主要通过影响细胞膜表面受体CD45和CD71的表达,将凋亡信号传递细胞内部,进一步诱导ERK磷酸化和JNK去磷酸化,最终将凋亡信号传递给caspase家族蛋白(caspase-9、-3)诱导细胞凋亡.

为考察黄芪多糖(APS)通过调节肠道菌群对高脂饮食引起的肠道慢性炎症的治疗作用,选取30只C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为对照组(C,正常饮食)、模型组(M,高脂饮食)、黄芪多糖处理组(D,高脂饮食并给予2 g/dL黄芪多糖溶液),每组10只,于第11周取血清,剥离脾脏、肾脏周围脂肪组织并称质量.收集小鼠粪便用于16S rRNA高通量测序.ELISA检测血清TC、TG、IgA、IgG、IgM、LPS、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平.结果表明,APS增加拟杆菌门相对丰度,降低厚壁菌门相对丰度,升高拟杆菌门与厚壁菌门比值,增加双歧杆菌相对丰度,降低脂多糖(LPS)水平,减少炎症因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的释放,提高脾脏指数,促进IgA、IgG、IgM分泌.由此推测黄芪多糖能够调节肠道菌群结构,增强小鼠免疫功能,抑制LPS引起的肠道炎症.

目的 鉴定分别采于鄂尔多斯市巴彦淖尔碱湖的3种藻株,命名为sp.DD、sp.ER、sp.FB;采自哈素海的藻株,命名为sp.HS;获赠于中国海洋大学的藻株命名为sp.QD的5种藻株,并做系统发育分析.方法 将采集的藻液进行分离纯化,获得目的藻株,提取基因组DNA,PCR扩增ITS序列片段,进行序列测定和聚类分析.结果 系统发育分 析表明,sp.HS 与 Arthrospira platensis strain Sp-2 在同一支上,同源性为 99.59％;sp.DD 单 独一支,与 Arthrospira platensis"Inner Mongolia"的同源性为 88.01％;sp.QD 与 Arthrospira platensis F3S 在同一支上,同源性为 99.60％;sp.ER与 sp.FB 聚为一支,与 Arthrospira erdosensis"Inner Mongolia"同源性为 99.18％.结论 经鉴定 sp.HS、sp.DD、sp.QD 为Arthrospira platensis,sp.ER与sp.FB为Arthrospira erdosensis,并揭示内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区节旋藻藻种间的系统发育关系.

Background Rubella virus (RV) is the causative agent of rubella or German measles. Although most infections cause only mild self-limited measles-like illness, the infection in pregnant women can cause severe foetal malformation or even miscarriage, especially in the first 3 months of pregnancy. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to establish a simple and sensitive RV detection method. Methods The partial epitopes of the E1 and E2 proteins from Rubella Virus were selected as the target sites, the sequence of the selected antigenic sites of the E1 and E2 were linked by a linker. The expression plasmid P6T was constructed by inserting the gene into PET-32A + with a histidine Tag. The P6 protein was induced and expressed in Escherichia coli L21 (DE3) and purified by nickel column affinity. The protein P6 antigen was identified by Western blotting analysis, and an anti-P6 antibody ELISA was established to test known serum samples to evaluate the capability of this method. Results After purification, the concentration and purity of the protein P6 were 0.283 mg/mL and more than 80%, respectively. Western blotting analysis showed that the protein P6 could react with rubella virus positive serum. By ELISA, 36 negative sera and 58 positive sera were detected. The coincidence rate, specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA were 86.2%, 88.89% and 84.48%, respectively. The P6 ELISA with a kappa coefficient of 0.715, P < 0.05, indicated excellent consistency. Conclusions The protein P6 with excellent antigenicity obtained from prokaryotic expression followed by chromatography purification could prove useful for early diagnosis of RV infection.

To study the growth rate of different Arthrospira strains, three species of Arthrospira from Ordos alkaline lake, labeled as sp.DD, sp.ER, sp.FB, one species of Arthrospira from Hasu Sea in Hohhot, labeled as sp.HS, another purified strain labeled as sp.QD donated by the Ocean University of China had been collected. The first four need to be further isolated and purified in culture. The growth curves of all strains were plotted. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequences were amplified and sequenced in an attempt to study taxonomic relationships. The results showed that the growth rate was increased in the first 9 days, and sp.DD had the highest growth rate. Analysis of the sequencing results revealed that sp.HS had 99.79% homology with Arthrospira platensis strain Sp-2, sp.DD had 99.69% homology with Arthrospira platensis FACHB834, sp.QD had 99.54% homology with Arthrospira platensis F3S, sp.ER had 99.79% homology with Arthrospira erdosensis 'Inner Mongolia', sp.FB had 99.74% homology with Arthrospira erdosensis 'Inner Mongolia'. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that sp.HS was closely related to Arthrospira platensis strain Sp-2; sp.DD and sp.QD had a close genetic relationship; sp.ER and sp.FB had a close genetic relationship. In conclusion, these findings provide a theoretical basis for the further development and reproduction of dominant algae species in Inner Mongolia through biological analysis of Arthrospira.

目的 研究氯化钙干预下高脂饮食小鼠的体质量、血脂、血糖、LPS指标变化,应用16S rRNA高通量测序技术检测氯化钙干预下高脂小鼠肠道菌群变化,探索氯化钙通过调节肠道微生物组成对高脂肪饮食诱导的小鼠肥胖的影响.方法 将30只雄性C57BL/6野生型小鼠随机分为对照组(C)、模型组(M)、氯化钙处理组(D),每组10只.C组喂标准饲料和饮用水,M组喂高脂饲料和饮用水,D组喂高脂饲料和1.5 g/100 mL氯化钙.连续喂养11周,11周后采样.比较不同组小鼠体质量、血脂、血糖、LPS、肠道菌群变化.结果 氯化钙能显著抑制高脂饮食C57BL/6J小鼠的体质量增加.氯化钙自由饮水11周后,D组与M组相比,D组水平TC降低,血糖降低,炎症因子IL?1β、IL?6降低,IgM升高,IgG升高,脂多糖降低,并通过分析氯化钙干预下高脂饮食小鼠肠道菌群的变化,发现氯化钙能调节高脂饮食介导的肠道菌群紊乱.结论 氯化钙能够调节肠道微生物组成改善高脂肪饮食诱导小鼠的肥胖.

目的 本研究检测了鄂尔多斯地区螺旋藻中藻蓝蛋白的组成成分,讨论了藻蓝蛋白对急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用及对Hep-G2肝癌细胞生长的影响.方法 选取雌性KM小鼠(体质量25～30 g)随机分为4组,分别为空白对照组(C组)、模型对照组(M组)、藻蓝蛋白低剂量组(L组)、藻蓝蛋白高剂量组(H组).各组小鼠自由取食、自由饮水,其中L组和H组小鼠采取灌胃法每日给予鄂尔多斯螺旋藻的藻蓝蛋白分别是0.15 g/kg、0.30 g/kg,灌胃42 d.末次灌胃后,各组小鼠禁食16 h,仍通过灌胃方式根据每千克体质量一次性给予12 mL 50％乙醇,6 h后收集血液样本及肝脏样本,检测血清中脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量,检测肝脏组织中蛋白质羰基含量、还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量.同时也检测藻蓝蛋白对肝癌细胞Hep-G2增殖作用的影响.结果 鄂尔多斯螺旋藻的藻蓝蛋白中常量元素锌、铁、钙含量均较高,而重金属元素未检出或含量极少.同时检测出藻蓝蛋白中氨基酸的含量为35.3/100 g.还发现长期服用藻蓝蛋白可以显著降低急性酒精性肝损伤小鼠血清中MDA含量和肝脏组织中蛋白质羰基的含量,显著增加血清中SOD和肝脏组织中GSH含量,并且呈现出剂量依赖性.在细胞实验中,藻蓝蛋白可显著抑制肝癌Hep-G2细胞的增殖作用.结论 鄂尔多斯地区螺旋藻的藻蓝蛋白从成分上分析食用更安全可靠,同时藻蓝蛋白通过升高SOD和GSH含量及降低MDA和蛋白质羰基含量保护小鼠急性酒精性肝损伤,以及藻蓝蛋白具有显著抑制肝癌细胞增殖的作用.

目的 研究螺旋藻多糖(SPP)对人急性T淋巴细胞白血病细胞系Jurkat的杀伤作用.方法 取对数生长期Jurkat细胞,分为对照组和1 g/L、2 g/L、5 g/L SPP组.采用MTT法检测SPP对Jurkat细胞增殖的影响,Western blot法检测凋亡蛋白caspase-3、细胞膜表面受体CD45、CD71以及细胞内部信号分子p-ERK、p-JNK、t-ERK和t-JNK蛋白表达水平.结果 1 g/L、2 g/L和5 g/L SPP组细胞增殖抑制率依次升高,分别为53.286％±3.112％、80.075％±4.240％和86.430％±4.614％.2 g/L、5 g/L SPP组cleaved caspase-3蛋白表达水平高于对照组,5 g/L SPP组高于1 g/L SPP组(P<0.05).1 g/L、2 g/L SPP组CD45蛋白表达水平高于对照组(P<0.05),CD71蛋白表达水平与对照组差异无统计学意义;5 g/L SPP组CD45蛋白表达水平均高于对照组、1 g/L和2 g/L SPP组;CD71蛋白表达水平低于对照组(P<0.05),与1 g/L和2 g/L SPP组差异无统计学意义.对照组、1 g/L SPP组、2 g/L SPP组和5 g/L SPP组p-ERK蛋白表达水平依次升高,组间多重比较差异均有统计学意义;各组间t-ERK、p-JNK和t-JNK蛋白表达水平差异均无统计学意义.结论 SPP对Jurkat细胞具有杀伤作用,其机制可能是SPP通过影响细胞膜表面受体CD45和CD71的表达,将凋亡信号传递到细胞内部,通过活化ERK,最终活化caspase-3,诱导细胞凋亡.

水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)属人类疱疹病毒α亚科,具有嗜神经性,人类是该病毒的唯一自然宿主.初次感染可引起水痘,日后宿主免疫力低下时,病毒可再次激活引起带状疱疹.VZV感染易引起诸多并发症,对临床的诊治造成一定干扰.本文就VZV的分子结构、感染机制及途径、流行病学、临床特点和防治原则等方面进行综述,为疾病预防、诊断及合理有效治疗提供参考.