The concentration of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined among students of PFUR aged 17-25, from different climatic and geographical regions. In all the concentrations (> 6.2 mmol/L) of total plasma cholesterol were detected at 6 (2.4%) students, indicating a high or very high risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Elevated levels of plasma LDL-C (> 3.31 mmol/l) were found at 4 (1.6%) students, indicating a high or very high risk of coronary heart disease. Lower concentrations of HDL-C plasma (< 1.31 > 1.1 mmol/L) were detected at 30 (12.4%) indicating a moderate risk of CHD and at 11 (4.6%) students concentration of HDL-C were lower (1,1 mmol/L), indicating a high risk of coronary heart disease. The results can be used as a justification for the screening survey to identify dyslipidemia among adolescents and young adults, with the subsequent conducting of the individual preventive and therapeutic measures.

The concentrations of total cholesterol (CH) in the blood plasma were determined among 246 students of the PFUR. The students were divided into groups according to concentrations of total cholesterol: the “optimal” (CH < 4.4 mmol/l); borderline 4.4 < CH < 5.4 mmol/l); and high (CH > 5.4 mmol/l) for persons under the age of 20 years and young adults older than 20 years, which were accepted as independent risk factors for ischemic heart disease IHD. Borderline values of CH were detected in 19% of students, who require a deeper examination to identify additional risk factors for IHD. Among 5% of the examined students, high concentrations of CH were revealed. This group of students also needs further evaluation and deciding on the need for dietary and pharmacological correction of hypercholesterolemia.

The S allele frequencies of serotonin transporter gene 5-HTTLPR, which is associated with a number of psychiatric disorders, were found for 21 populations of Eurasia and Africa. The principal components of genetic variability (PC1 and PC2) based on the published frequencies for 68 alleles at five STR loci of CODIS, which are supposed to be neutral, were calculated for the same populations. The S allele frequency is correlated to PC2 (R = 0.820, p < 0.0001); this means that the correlation corresponds to the general genetic variability in the studied populations. The correlation between the STR allele frequency and Hofstede’s individualism-collectivism dimension index for 4 of the 68 studied alleles is even higher than the correlation of the S allele frequency. Our findings do not support the hypothesis (Chiao and Blizinsky, 2010) on the culture-gene coevolution of the S allele frequency and the level of collectivism.

Allele and genotype frequencies of the − 174G / C polymorphism (rs1800795) in the regulatory region of the IL6 gene, which encode anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6, were determined in seven populations representing five ethnic groups from the European part of Russia (440 individuals), as well as in small cohorts that represent populations from 24 countries of Africa and Eurasia (365 individuals). The maps of the geographic distribution of the − 174G / C allele frequencies were constructed based on personal (22 populations) and the literature data (66 populations), and the data from dbSNP database obtained by the HapMap project (10 populations). The frequency of the − 174G allele varied from 45 to 100% and was characterized by nonrandom geographic distribution. These data could reflect the adaptive load of the alleles examined, which was different in different regions of the world. It is suggested that the level of pathogen prevalence is one of the environmental factors that determine different adaptive values of the IL6*-174G / C alleles. This suggestion is supported by a positive correlation between the − 174G allele frequency and level of pathogen prevalence calculated based on historical data ( R = 0.768; p < 0.0001).

Allele and genotype frequencies of the -174G/C polymorphism (rs1800795) in the regulatory region of the IL6 gene, which encode anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6, were determined in seven populations representing five ethnic groups from the European part of Russia (440 individuals), as well as in small cohorts that represent populations from 24 countries of Africa and Eurasia (365 individuals). The maps of the geographic distribution of the -174G/C allele frequencies were constructed based on personal (22 populations) and the literature data (66 populations), and the data from dbSNP database obtained by the HapMap project (10 populations). The frequency of the -174G allele varied from 45 to 100% and was characterized by nonrandom geographic distribution. These data could reflect the adaptive load of the alleles examined, which was different in different regions of the world. It is suggested that the level of pathogen prevalence is one of the environmental factors that determine different adaptive values of the IL6*--174G/C alleles. This suggestion is supported by a positive correlation between the -174G allele frequency and level of pathogen prevalence calculated based on historical data (R = 0.768; p < 0.0001).

The pedigree with familial hypercholesterolemia is presented. Heterozygous and homozygous forms of familial hypercholesterolemia were detected among family members by means of number LDL-receptor determination.

Three follow-up single-stage standardized examinations for revealing of ischemic heart disease (IHD) were conducted among males at the age 50-59 with tuberculosis in 1972, 1998, 2011 years. The results of studies are conformed that prevalence of IHD among males with tuberculosis is not changed during this period and remained on relatively high level from 21.0-31.9%. Practically every 5th male with tuberculosis has clinical signs of IHD that could be considered as a support of necessity of joint simultaneous treatment of tuberculosis and IHD.

' The prevalence of IHD and arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic nonspecific lung diseases was studied among lung tuberculosis patients. The results of the study testify that course of tuberculosis becomes complicated on background of concomitant diseases and such tuberculous patients need in providing for them combined specific treatment.

We had observe patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and posttuberculosis pulmonary changes. There is considerable dissemination of CDOR among this patients (18 %), especially with fibrocavemous and cirrhotic forms (every third and second patient). Authors are convinced pathogen tie of this diseases.