In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) with antioxidant and hypoglycemic function was obtained from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PFY02, a strain separated from strawberry juice with a high EPS production capacity ((15.32 +/- 0.16) g/L). After extraction and purification, the structure and biological activities of the EPS were investigated. The results revealed that the EPS is a neutral heteropolysaccharide composed of mannose (Man), glucuronide (GlcA), glucose (Glc), and galactose (Gal) with molar ratios of 16.91:1.24:6.66:1.00. The molecular weight of EPS was 3.13 kDa, and it contained alpha-1,2-Man, /-1-GlcA, /-1-Gal, alpha-1,4-Man, and /-1-Glc glycosidic bonds. Furthermore, EPS has excellent antioxidant properties, thermal stability, water solubility, water-holding capacity, emulsification, as well as hypoglycemic function. Furthermore, cellular assays have confirmed that the EPS can markedly enhance the secretion of cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1 by the small intestinal endocrine cells STC-1, thereby indirectly increasing the secretion of peptide YY. Peptide YY can subsequently promote the release of insulin in pancreatic beta-cells RIN-m5F and decrease the release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in RAW264.7 cells. Consequently, it suppressed inflammation, mitigated insulin resistance, and ultimately reduced blood glucose levels. Therefore, PFY02 EPS is a natural source of antioxidant and hypoglycemic functional compounds and can be applied in glycemic regulation. (c) 2027 The authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

This study optimised the fermentation process for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production by Gluconobacter frateurii YY-03 and explored its hypoglycaemic mechanisms. Using single-factor experiments and response surface methodology, the optimal fermentation conditions were determined as 86.83 g/L sucrose, 15.47 g/L tryptone, and an initial pH of 7.18. Under these optimised conditions, the EPS yield reached 53.79 g/L, representing a 2.29-fold increase compared to preoptimisation levels. In functional investigations, in vitro assays demonstrated that G. frateurii YY-03 EPS inhibited alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase, suggesting delayed carbohydrate digestion P < 0.05. In cell models, EPS enhanced insulin secretion in RIN-m5f beta-cells and promoted cholecystokinin and GLP-1 release in STC-1 enteroendocrine cells. These results support the potential of G.frateurii YY-03 EPS for functional food development and as an adjunct for diabetes management.

The valorization of food waste hydrolysate (FWH) for microalgal cultivation presents a promising approach to a circular economy. However, the directed regulation of microalgae-based metabolites synthesized using FWH remains a challenge. To address this issue, this study investigated the influence of photoperiods on the regulation of protein and lipid biosynthesis in Auxenochlorella pyrenoidosa with FWH. As expected, it was found that photoperiod significantly redirected carbon and nitrogen flux, thereby selectively enhancing the accumulation of target metabolites. Specifically, a 16:8 h (light/dark) cycle optimized protein biosynthesis and quality, achieving the high essential amino acid ratio and the amino acid score. Conversely, extended dark periods biased metabolism towards lipids, with an 8:16 h (light/dark) cycle yielding the highest lipid productivity of 157.54 mg/L/d. This regime also significantly improved biodiesel properties, including a cetane number of 51.86 and an oxidation stability of 7.54. Physiological and molecular analyses revealed that dark-induced activation of the antioxidant system, along with the concomitant upregulation of key genes involved in hexose transport, NADPH supply, and TAG assembly, underpinned efficient lipid biosynthesis. Overall, the findings demonstrate that photoperiod control is an effective strategy for orchestrating the production of high-quality proteins or lipids from A. pyrenoidosa in FWH, advancing the development of sustainable microalgae-based biorefineries.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS). The existing drugs for multiple sclerosis treatment carry significant side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and effect of a new compound N, N'-dicyclohexyl-N-linoleic acylurea (DCLAA) on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the principal multiple sclerosis animal model. Results showed that DCLAA had low toxicity, and DCLAA significantly inhibited the EAE progression and reduced the dosage requirements of methylprednisolone. After DCLAA treatment, the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the CNS was reduced. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines decreased, whereas the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines increased. DCLAA reduced the number of peripheral T cells and CNS infiltration in EAE mice. Moreover, DCLAA attenuated the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-specific T cells. These results indicate that DCLAA exhibit low toxicity and is able to alleviate the clinical symptoms of EAE by reducing neuroinflammation and suppressing the survival of peripheral T cells.

Aerobic composting was a critical agricultural waste management technology, yet nitrogen (N) loss during composting significantly reduced fertilizer quality. This study employed metagenomics, microbial ecology, and gas flux monitoring to uncover the molecular mechanism underlying humic acid (HA)-mediated N retention. Results showed that 6 % (w/w) HA addition increased TN content by 24.5 %, and reduced cumulative NH4+-N and NH3 volatilization by 84.1 % and 38.5 % (p < 0.01), respectively. KEGG pathway analysis revealed the repression of denitrification genes (nirS, nirK, norA, norB, nosZ), with an average abundance expression reduction of 29.6 %, thereby blocking the NO2- into N-2 conversion pathway. Notably, taxonomic profiling identified a 57.6 % in Proteobacteria, a phylum critical for denitrification, specially Luteimonas sp. JM171 and Gammaproteobacteria bacterium with 24.7 % and 20.6 % reduction respectively. Structural equation modeling (SEM) confirmed that a significant correlation was found between TN content with functional gene expression (lambda=0.026, p < 0.05) and Gammaproteobacteria bacteria (lambda=0.028, p < 0.001), respectively. These findings provided novel insights into the role of HA in manipulating microbial N metabolism networks to mitigate gaseous N loss, offering a theoretical basis for developing high-efficiency N-retaining composting technologies.

IGSF10, a protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, is involved in regulating the early migration of neurons that produce gonadotropin-releasing hormone and performs a fundamental function in development. Our previous study confirmed that the mRNA expression level of IGSF10 may be a protective prognosis factor for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. However, the specific mechanisms of IGSF10 are still unclear. In this research, it was shown that the protein level of IGSF10 was down-modulated in LUAD tissues and had a link to the clinical and pathological characteristics as well as the patient's prognosis in LUAD. Importantly, IGSF10 regulates the metastatic ability of LUAD cells in vitro and in vivo. It was proven in a mechanistic sense that IGSF10 inhibits the capacity of LUAD cells to metastasize through the Spi-B/Integrin-beta 1 signaling pathway. These findings gave credence to the premise that IGSF10 performed a crucial function in LUAD.

The purpose of this paper is to systematically summarize the gene polymorphisms associated with osteoporosis(OP)susceptibility in Zhuang ethnic group in Guangxi.These genes mainly encode vitamin D receptor,estrogen receptor,calcitonin receptor,and adiponectin.The genotype and allele distribution frequency were compared between Zhuang ethnic group and other ethnic groups,which can clarify the existing genes and the potential gene polymorphism associated with OP in Zhuang ethnic group.The findings provide a representative solution for the subsequent research on the genes associated with OP susceptibility in ethnic minorities.

Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the adult central nervous system. In this study, we aimed to identify a novel model for predicting glioma prognosis and a potential therapeutic target. Here, lncRNAs related to prognosis and ferroptosis were analyzed and screened through R software and online websites. A nomogram model was established and evaluated with calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic curve and decision curve analysis. Further, an enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis were performed. In addition, the expression level and biological function of ITGA6-AS1 were verified in vitro. We obtained a ferroptosis-related 7-lncRNA signature, and constructed a nomogram prognostic model with good predictability for 1-, 3- and 5-year overall survival of glioma patients. The enrichment analysis indicated potential involvement of certain pathways and suggested a correlation between the high-risk group and infiltration of M2 macrophages and MDSCs. Furthermore, the expression level of ITGA6-AS1 in the U118, U87, and LN229 cells was upregulated compared to the H1800 cell. Interestingly, knockdown of ITGA6-AS1 may inhibit U118 cells’ proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. while overexpression of ITGA6-AS1 in LN229 cells plays a promoting role. This study implies that the 7-lncRNA signature may contribute to the stratification of glioma prognosis, and the immune suppressive microenvironment may be associated with macrophage-ferroptosis crosstalk. Furthermore, ITGA6-AS1 may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with glioma.

A strain of Leuconostoc mesenteroides HDE-8 was isolated from homemade longan fermentation broth. The exopolysaccharide (EPS) yield of the strain was 25.1 g/L. The EPS was isolated and purified, and the structure was characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The monosaccharide composition of the EPS was glucose, with a molecular weight (Mw) of 1.7 × 106 Da. NMR spectroscopy revealed that the composition of the HDE-8 EPS consisted of D-glucose pyranose linked by α-(1→4) and α-(1→6) bonds. The SEM analysis of the EPS showed an irregular sheet-like structure. Physicochemical analysis demonstrated that EPSs exhibit excellent thermal stability and high viscosity, making them suitable for fermentation in heat-processed and acidic foods. Additionally, milk coagulation tests showed that the presence of EPSs promotes milk coagulation when supplemented with sucrose. It suggests that EPSs have wide-ranging potential applications as food additives, improving the texture and taste of dairy products. This study provides practical guidance for the commercial use of HDE-8 EPSs in the food and related industries.

高尔基体膜蛋白1(Golgi's membrane protein 1,GOLM1)是一个外周膜蛋白,主要定位于高尔基体、外囊泡及内质网.GOLM1在肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭与迁移中作用较为明确,因此在肿瘤中的研究价值尤为显著.本文对GOLM1的基因结构、生理特性和肿瘤相关研究进行综述分析,以期为进一步研究GOLM1为新靶点的癌症治疗提供理论基础,为肿瘤的诊断和预后提供新的研究方向.

BACKGROUND:Myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D) can participate in the process of tumor lesions by regulating the transcription of oncogenes. In a previous study, MEF2D was demonstrated to enhance the proliferation and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 and H1299 by promoting the transcription of NUSAP1. The research aimed to explore the expression level and clinical significance of MEF2D in lung adenocarcinoma.METHODS:A total of 199 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were collected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect MEF2D expression levels in cancer and adjacent tissues. After the clinical and follow-up data were collated, the correlation between MEF2D expression level and clinical characteristics and prognosis of the patients was analyzed.RESULTS:In the lung adenocarcinoma, the high expression rate of MEF2D in cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.05). According to immunohistochemical score, MEF2D expression level in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was correlated with tumor differentiation, N stage, M stage and intrapulmonary metastasis (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with low MEF2D expression had significantly better prognosis than patients with high MEF2D expression (P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that MEF2D expression level, M stage, N stage and bone metastasis of lung cancer were independent risk factors for prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients.CONCLUSIONS:MEF2D expression level is closely related to the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma and other clinical characteristics, and can be used as an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, which has the potential to be developed as a clinical diagnosis and treatment target of lung adenocarcinoma.

目的:探讨色胺酮对p53突变型肺癌H322细胞增殖、凋亡和迁移的影响.方法:利用不同浓度的色胺酮分别作用于H322细胞,通过CCK-8分析细胞增殖活性变化,Hoechst33258/PI双染法检测细胞凋亡水平,Transwell和划痕实验评价细胞迁移能力变化.应用 Western blot 检测 mut-p53、bcl2、bax、caspase-3、cleaved caspase-3 和转移相关标志物蛋白 E-cadherin与N-cadherin的表达.结果:不同浓度的色胺酮均可抑制H322细胞的增殖且提升H322细胞的凋亡水平(P＜0.05).色胺酮可降低H322细胞的迁移能力(P＜0.05).此外,色胺酮可提高H322细胞中bax、cleaved caspase-3和E-cadherin蛋白的表达,同时降低H322细胞中mut-p53、bcl-2和N-cadherin蛋白的表达(P＜0.05).结论:色胺酮能够降低肺癌H322细胞的增殖和提升其凋亡能力,其核心机制与mut-p53表达抑制,继而激活bcl-2/bax/caspase-3信号轴相关;色胺酮能够抑制H322细胞的迁移能力,其机制与N-cadherin和E-cadherin的活性关系密切.

骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)是一种随年龄增加患病率不断提高的全球性骨骼疾病,主要受遗传因素与环境因素双重作用的控制,它所引起的最恶性的结果是出现骨质疏松性骨折,危害老年群体的身心健康,增加此人群的死亡风险.维生素D受体(Vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因在调节骨代谢和调控钙稳态方面发挥至关重要的作用.迄今为止,有许多研究对VDR基因多态性和OP之间的联系进行了探究,但研究结果往往具有较大争议.因此,该文以探究亚洲人群VDR基因多态性与发生OP的联系为目的,从ApaⅠ位点多态性、BsmⅠ位点多态性、TaqⅠ位点多态性以及FokⅠ位点多态性与OP相关性4个方面作综述,并根据国内外各研究结果以及相关位点的位置特征进行总结,对进一步研究进行展望,以期为如何筛查亚洲OP易感人群及制定相关预防、治疗OP的策略提供思路.

In this study, an exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing strain of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HDC-01 was isolated from sauerkraut, and the structure, properties and biological activity of the studied EPS were assessed. The molecular weight of the isolated EPS is 2.505 × 106 Da. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results showed that the EPS was composed of glucose/glucopyranose subunits linked by an α-(1 → 6) glycosidic bond and contained an α-(1 → 3) branching structure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the EPS. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the isolated EPS had a smooth and compact surface with several protrusions of varying lengths and irregularly shaped material. Moreover, the studied EPS showed good thermal stability, water holding capacity, and milk coagulation ability and promoted the growth of probiotics. L. plantarum EPS may be used as prebiotics in the fields of food and medicine.

Glucansucrase was purified from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. The glucansucrase exhibited maximum activity at pH 5.5 and 30 °C. Ca2+ significantly promoted enzyme activity. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was synthesized by this glucansucrase in vitro and purified. The molecular weight of the EPS was 3.083 × 106 Da. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that the main structure of glucan was 97.3% α-(1→6)-linked D-glucopyranose units, and α-(1→3) branched chain accounted for 2.7%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of dextran showed that its surface was smooth and flaky. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of dextran revealed a chain-like microstructure with many irregular protuberances in aqueous solution. The results showed that dextran had good thermal stability, water holding capacity, water solubility and emulsifying ability (EA), as well as good antioxidant activity; thus it has broad prospects for development in the fields of food, biomedicine, and medicine.

目的 探索扁桃酸对肺腺癌H1299 细胞增殖、凋亡和迁移的作用及相关的分子机制.方法 CCK-8 检测H1299 细胞增殖能力变化;Hoechst 33258/PI 双染分析H1299 细胞凋亡水平;划痕和 Transwell实验分析 H1299 细胞侵袭迁移能力变化;Western blot检测细胞增殖、凋亡和迁移相关通路蛋白的表达.结果 不同浓度扁桃酸均可抑制H1299 细胞增殖活力和侵袭迁移能力(P<0.05).扁桃酸可诱导细胞增殖、凋亡通路蛋白bax、cl-caspase-3 高表达,p-stat3 低表达(P<0.05).此外,抑制侵袭迁移相关蛋白MMP-9 和Vimentin蛋白表达(P<0.01).结论 扁桃酸抑制肺腺癌细胞H1299 的增殖,提升细胞凋亡水平,其分子生物学机制可能与stat3 活化降低及激活bax/caspase-3 信号轴密切相关;抑制H1299 细胞侵袭迁移能力,与MMP-9 和Vi-mentin蛋白表达降低相关.

The scarcity of natural fossil fuels presents a promising opportunity for the development of renewable microalgae-based biofuels. However, the current microalgae cultivation is unable to effectively address the high costs of the production of biofuels. To tackle this challenge, this study focused on recruiting engineered Phaeodactylum tricornutum (FabG-OE) to enhance biomass accumulation and lipid production by employing food waste hydrolysate under temperature variations. The biomass and lipid accumulations of FabG-OE were improved effectively in mixed culture medium and food waste hydrolysate at a volume ratio (v/v) of 80:20 at 30 degrees C. It was found that oxidative stress might contribute to the overexpression of lipogenic genes, thereby leading to lipogenesis at 30 degrees C. Upscaling cultivation of FabG-OE at 30 degrees C using a semi-continuous strategy and batch strategy was conducted to achieve 0.73 and 0.77 g/L/d of biomass containing 0.35 and 0.38 g/L/d of lipid, respectively. In summary, these findings provide valuable insights for advancing microalgae-based biofuel production.

Microalgae have attracted attention from various fields due to their potential ability to accumulate diverse value-added products, including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Many approaches have been used to enhance the productivity of microalgae-based PUFAs, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), but in many cases, these have only focused on economic competitiveness. However, it is imperative to simultaneously quantify and optimize the associated environmental impact at an early stage to guide future developments and sustainable scale-up. This study conducted Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) along the technical advancements of laboratory-scale EPA pro-duction by Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Results indicated that technical advancements enhanced the environ-mental performance associated with EPA production. Among these, metabolic engineering led to the most significant reductions (93.48% and 93.45%) in terms of global warming potential and cumulative energy de-mand compared with the wild-type scenario due to elevated microalgal growth and EPA yield. Electricity con-sumption remained the dominant contributor to the associated environmental impact, followed by extraction solvents, especially chloroform. In terms of processes, cultivation of the microalgae and harvesting of the biomass accounted for the majority of the impact attributed to the long cultivation period and the energy-intensive processes such as freeze drying. As guided by the sensitivity analysis, future directions should focus on further increasing EPA productivity, adopting alternative cultivation approaches with less energy input, and recovering EPA via environmentally friendly methods.

Proteins of the RNF183 (RING finger 183) family proteins have been reported to be of great importance in tumor the initiation and progression. However, the biological role and regulatory mechanism of RNF183 in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development and progression are poorly defined. Hence, lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The correlation between RNF183 and SHP2 (Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase) was measured using coimmunoprecipitation and ubiquitination analysis in vitro. Tumor growth of NSCLC cells in vivo was measured using the nude mouse xenograft model. In this study, we verify that elevated RNF183 expression in tumor tissues of LUAD, origin from the TCGA, GEPIA, TIMER, and UALCAN database. RNF183 regulates apoptosis and cell cycle in vitro and tumor growth in vivo by activating the STAT3 pathway through ubiquitination of SHP2, a negative feedback regulator of the STAT3 pathway. Taken together, our results demonstrate that RNF183 regulates proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle in LUAD cells via modulation of SHP2/STAT3 signaling, suggesting the potential for targeting the RNF183-SHP2/STAT3 pathway for use in LUAD treatment.

Due to its high lipid accumulation capability, Phaeodactylum tricornutum has attracted considerable attention as a promising candidate for biofuel production. However, the derived lipid cannot satisfy the industrial biofuel manufacturing requirements given its poor fatty acid characteristics. Genetic engineering, as a prospective approach, has been employed to overcome this bottleneck. Relevant research indicates that the fabG gene plays a crucial role in fatty acid biosynthesis in bacteria, but its significance in microalgae remains unclear. In this study, FabG was successfully introduced, transcribed, and overexpressed in P. tricornutum. FabG overexpression significantly enhanced lipid (1.49-fold) and fatty acid (1.31-fold) biosynthesis without altering growth and photosynthesis, and this method thus exhibits great potential in high-quality biodiesel production. Moreover, increased saturation of fatty acids (e.g., C16:0) and improved antioxidative activities enhanced the tolerance of transgenic P. tricornutum to high temperature stress. To conclude, this study reports a feasible approach for high quality algae-based biofuel production via the unprecedented roles of FabG retrieved from diatom.