食品加工机械与设备的更新可以满足市场对高品质、多样化和创新的食品产品的需求.随着人们对健康饮食的关注度不断提高,芽菜作为一种营养丰富的食品,受到了越来越多人的喜爱.为了满足市场需求并提高生产效率,芽菜加工行业开始广泛应用机械与设备自动化技术.

目的 了解甲卡西酮滥用人群的流行病学特征及该人群中焦虑/抑郁症状的特征.方法 对来自山西省某强制隔离戒毒所中主要滥用物质为甲卡西酮的人群进行横断面调查,并对该人群中焦虑及抑郁症状患病率及其影响因素进行分析.本研究分别采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和BECK抑郁自评量表(BDI)评估调查对象的焦虑及抑郁症状.结果 本次研究共纳入767名研究对象,以已婚、低学历男性为主;12.6％的调查对象有多药滥用经历,且有48.4％的调查对象有甲卡西酮依赖;分别有15.3％和49.2％的甲卡西酮滥用者存在焦虑及抑郁症状.多因素logistic回归分析显示曾使用过2种及以上的合成毒品(aOR=2.13,95％CI:1.26-3.61)、甲卡西酮依赖(1.77,1.13～2.78)及抑郁症状(1.67,1.10-2.54)是焦虑症状的危险因素,而参加过戒毒治疗(0.42,0.27-0.64)是焦虑症状的保护因素;甲卡西酮的累计使用时间(＞24个月)(1.41,1.01-1.96)及焦虑症状(1.71,1.14-2.55)是抑郁症状的危险因素.结论 甲卡西酮滥用后可导致焦虑及抑郁等精神症状,近一半的甲卡西酮使用者停止使用甲卡西酮后会出现抑郁症状,近六分之一的使用者会出现焦虑症状.应采用控制甲卡西酮滥用及采取戒毒治疗等措施改善甲卡西酮使用者的精神症状.

The long-term physical and mental sequelae of COVID-19 are a growing public health concern, yet there is considerable uncertainty about their prevalence, persistence and predictors. We conducted a comprehensive, up-to-date meta-analysis of survivors' health consequences and sequelae for COVID-19. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched through Sep 30th, 2021. Observational studies that reported the prevalence of sequelae of COVID-19 were included. Two reviewers independently undertook the data extraction and quality assessment. Of the 36,625 records identified, a total of 151 studies were included involving 1,285,407 participants from thirty-two countries. At least one sequelae symptom occurred in 50.1% (95% CI 45.4-54.8) of COVID-19 survivors for up to 12 months after infection. The most common investigation findings included abnormalities on lung CT (56.9%, 95% CI 46.2-67.3) and abnormal pulmonary function tests (45.6%, 95% CI 36.3-55.0), followed by generalized symptoms, such as fatigue (28.7%, 95% CI 21.0-37.0), psychiatric symptoms (19.7%, 95% CI 16.1-23.6) mainly depression (18.3%, 95% CI 13.3-23.8) and PTSD (17.9%, 95% CI 11.6-25.3), and neurological symptoms (18.7%, 95% CI 16.2-21.4), such as cognitive deficits (19.7%, 95% CI 8.8-33.4) and memory impairment (17.5%, 95% CI 8.1-29.6). Subgroup analysis showed that participants with a higher risk of long-term sequelae were older, mostly male, living in a high-income country, with more severe status at acute infection. Individuals with severe infection suffered more from PTSD, sleep disturbance, cognitive deficits, concentration impairment, and gustatory dysfunction. Survivors with mild infection had high burden of anxiety and memory impairment after recovery. Our findings suggest that after recovery from acute COVID-19, half of survivors still have a high burden of either physical or mental sequelae up to at least 12 months. It is important to provide urgent and appropriate prevention and intervention management to preclude persistent or emerging long-term sequelae and to promote the physical and psychiatric wellbeing of COVID-19 survivors.

目的 通过以社区为基础的流行病学抽样调查对全国社区戒毒社区康复(简称社戒社康)的效果进行综合评价.方法 结合以往社戒社康工作基础,通过分层整群抽样的方法,在全国七大行政区抽取辽宁、山西、浙江、广东、湖南、贵州、甘肃七个省中的42个调查点进行现场调查,对42个调查点的社戒社康工作进行综合评价打分,评估我国社戒社康效果的整体执行情况.结果 42个调查点的综合评价结果平均分为80.28分,分布区间为[60.1,90.6],经检验其评分结果合理.结论 本研究基本反映了我国当前社戒社康工作情况,有助于发现问题完善薄弱环节,推动我国社戒社康工作的健康发展.

目的 探讨甲卡西酮滥用人群冲动性和攻击性特征及其影响因素.方法 采用自制的甲卡西酮滥用情况调查问卷及中文版 Barratt 冲动量表(Barratt Impulsivity Scale,BIS-11)和中文版 Buss&Perry 攻击量表(Buss&Perry Aggression Questionnaire,BP-AQ),对山西省某强制隔离戒毒所内566例主要滥用物质为甲卡西酮的滥用人群进行调查.评估甲卡西酮滥用人群的冲动性和攻击性,并运用多重线性回归方法分析冲动性和攻击性的影响因素.结果 甲卡西酮滥用人群BIS-11冲动性量表评分为37.57±16.83,BP-AQ攻击性量表评分为25.70±18.12,均显著高于正常人(冲动性:31.70±13.20,攻击性:21.01±12.71);甲卡西酮滥用时间长(≥12个月,β=4.11,P=0.004)、滥用后有渴求感(β=5.15,P＜0.001)、伴随抑郁症状(β=7.57,P＜0.001)或精神病性症状(β=6.05,P=0.002)可显著增加该人群冲动性水平;甲卡西酮滥用剂量大(≥0.5g/次,β=4.11,P=0.032)、同时滥用其他毒品(β=8.12,P=0.002)、滥用后有渴求感(β=4.73,P=0.002)、伴随抑郁症状(β=9.29,P＜0.001)或精神病性症状(β=4.42,P=0.032)、有高冲动性(β=5.14,P=0.001)可显著增加该人群攻击性水平.结论 甲卡西酮滥用者具有较高的冲动性和攻击性,甲卡西酮滥用程度越严重的人群其冲动性攻击性越强,且伴随抑郁、精神病性症状者其冲动性攻击行为也越多.研究表明,应进一步强化宣传教育,预防干预甲卡西酮滥用,并积极治疗毒品使用后出现的精神症状以减少和预防该人群冲动攻击行为的发生,减少其社会危害.

Background: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and related compulsory measures have triggered a wide range of psychological issues. However, the effect of COVID-19 on mental health in late-middle-aged adults remains unclear. Methods: This cross-sectional, web-based survey recruited 3,730 participants (≥ 50 years old) between February 28 and March 11 of 2020. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Insomnia Severity Index, and Acute Stress Disorder Scale were used to evaluate depression, anxiety, insomnia, and acute stress symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was fitted to explore risk factors that were associated with the selected outcomes. Results: The mean age of the participants was 54.44 ± 5.99 years, and 2,026 (54.3%) of the participants were female. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and acute stress symptoms among late-middle-aged adults in China during the COVID-19 pandemic was 20.4, 27.1, 27.5, and 21.2%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that participants who were quarantined had increased odds ratios for the four mental health symptoms, and those with a good understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic displayed a decreased risk for all mental health symptoms among late-middle-aged adults. In addition, participants with a low income and with a risk of COVID-19 exposure at work had a remarkably high risk of depression, anxiety, and acute stress symptoms. Conclusions: Mental health symptoms in late-middle-aged adults in China during the COVID-19 pandemic are prevalent. Population-specific mental health interventions should be developed to improve mental health outcomes in late-middle-aged adults during this public health emergency.

目的:分析疫情期间停药的临床试验受试者信息,为后续特殊事件下临床试验受试者的随访提供借鉴和指导.方法:收集2020年2月3日至2020年5月29日疫情期间停药的黑色素瘤临床试验受试者信息,使用SPSS 24.0统计分析软件比较疾病进展患者与疾病未进展患者之间的一般资料及临床试验信息差异.结果:共纳入32例受试者,对于15例进展受试者与17例未进展受试者,性别、原发部位、入组试验、既往治疗、复发转移部位、入组期间最佳评效、给药方案是影响受试者无疾病进展的独立危险因素(P<0.05),其用药周期数存在显著差异,停药天数无显著差异.结论:公共卫生特殊事件下肿瘤临床试验受试者的既往最佳疗效、用药方案及用药周期数对于结局有显著影响.

Background: University students who are exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could be mentally distressed. We aimed to evaluate the pattern and risk factors of mental health and suicidal behavior among students who experienced long-term school closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This large-sample, cross-sectional, online survey was conducted from June 29, 2020, to July 18, 2020. Eleven thousand two hundred fifty four participants were recruited from 30 universities located in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal behavior was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Insomnia Severity Index, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5, and questions about suicidal ideation and attempts, respectively. Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors for mental health problems and suicidal behavior. Results: The prevalence of mental health problems was 41.5% for depressive symptoms, 32.6% for anxiety symptoms, 35.0% for insomnia symptoms, 8.5% for PTSD symptoms, and 2.0% for suicidal behavior. Participants with high stress during the pandemic were at higher risk of symptoms of depression [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.43–1.95, p < 0.01), anxiety (adjusted OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.63–2.23, p < 0.01), insomnia (adjusted OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.44–1.87, p < 0.01), PTSD (adjusted OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.38–2.11, p < 0.01) and suicidal behavior (adjusted OR = 3.51, 95% CI = 2.28–5.40, p < 0.01). Distant relationship with parents, changes in lifestyle and alcohol use during the pandemic were associated with higher risk of mental health symptoms and suicidal behavior, whereas regular physical exercise reduced the risk of mental health problems. Conclusions: The psychological symptoms and suicidal behavior were relatively high among students who attended university in Wuhan, China after 6 months of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Comprehensive mental health services and suicide prevention strategies are essential for university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent in pregnancy and are frequently overlooked as a potential cause of significant morbidity. The association between sleep disturbances and pregnancy outcomes remains largely controversial and needs to be clarified to guide management. To evaluate the association between sleep disturbances and maternal complications and adverse fetal outcomes, we performed a systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for English-language articles published from inception to March 6, 2020, including observational studies of pregnant women with and without sleep disturbances assessing the risk of obstetric complications in the antenatal, intrapartum or postnatal period, and neonatal complications. Data extraction was completed independently by two reviewers. We utilized the NewcastleeOttawa Scales to assess the methodological quality of included studies and random-effect models to pool the associations. A total of 120 studies with 58,123,250 pregnant women were included. Sleep disturbances were assessed, including poor sleep quality, extreme sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, restless legs syndrome, subjective sleep-disordered breathing and diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea. Significant associations were found between sleep disturbances in pregnancy and a variety of maternal complications and adverse fetal outcomes. Overall sleep disturbances were significantly associated with pre-eclampsia (odds ratio = 2.80, 95% confidence interval: 2.38-3.30), gestational hypertension (1.74, 1.54-1.97), gestational diabetes mellitus (1.59, 1.45-1.76), cesarean section (1.47, 1.31-1.64), preterm birth (1.38, 1.26-1.51), large for gestational age (1.40, 1.11-1.77), and stillbirth (1.25, 1.08-1.45), but not small for gestational age (1.03, 0.92-1.16), or low birth weight (1.27, 0.98-1.64). Sleep disturbances were related to higher morbidities in pregnant women who are 30 y or older and overweight before pregnancy. The findings indicate that sleep disturbances, which are easily ignored and treatable for both pregnant women and clinical services, deserve more attention from health care providers during prenatal counseling and health care services. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

BACKGROUND:COVID-19 is still spreading worldwide and posing a threat to individuals' physical and mental health including problematic internet use (PIU). A potentially high-risk group for PIU are those with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD symptoms), because of restrictions in their physical activity levels and engagement in computer diversions requiring only short attention spans. METHODS:We used convenience sampling in a cross-sectional survey of university students from 30 universities in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. We assessed PIU using the Internet Addiction Test and ADHD symptoms using the WHO Adult ADHD Self-Report Screening Scale. Using logistic regression and linear regression analyses we adjusted for demographic, epidemic-related and psychological covariates in models of the association between ADHD symptoms and PIU. RESULTS:Among 11,254 participants, we found a 28.4% (95% CI, 27.5%-29.2%) prevalence of PIU, relatively higher than before the pandemic. In our final logistic regression model, participants with ADHD symptoms had approximately two times the risk for PIU (OR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.89-2.83). Similarly, individuals with depression, anxiety, insomnia, PTSD symptoms and feeling stress during the pandemic had a higher risk of PIU, while those exercising regularly during the pandemic had a lower risk. LIMITATIONS:The cross-sectional design and reliance on internet based self-reports for ADHD symptoms and PIU assessments, without direct structured interviews for validation, are limitations. CONCLUSIONS:The prevalence of PIU was high during COVID-19, and those people with ADHD symptoms and other mental illness symptoms appear to be at higher risk of PIU. Regular exercise may reduce that PIU risk and hence should be recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic.

目的:建立社区戒毒社区康复(简称社戒社康)效果的综合评价指标体系.方法:采用德尔菲法对42名来自全国禁毒工作一线的专家进行调查评价,收集专家对社戒社康指标重要性的意见.结果:共进行了三轮专家调查评价.专家参与调查的积极程度、权威程度及意见协调程度较高.建立了包含41条指标的社戒社康综合评价体系,并计算出各指标权重.结论:本研究所得到的综合评价指标体系有助于社戒社康管理和服务的不断完善,推动我国社戒社康工作的进一步发展.

机器人巡线是机器人基本功能之一，是机器人完成其他功能的基础。本文介绍了智能小车巡线的原理及实现方法。该智能小车采用3路光电传感器检测小车车身的相对位置，采用51单片机作为控制器，控制器根据传感器信号判断车身姿态并自动调整，实现小车巡线功能。

Quarantine and isolation measures urgently adopted to control the COVID-19 pandemic might potentially have negative psychological and social effects. We conducted this cross-sectional, nationwide study to ascertain the psychological effect of quarantine and identify factors associated with mental health outcomes among population quarantined to further inform interventions of mitigating mental health risk especially for vulnerable groups under pandemic conditions. Sociodemographic data, attitudes toward the COVID-19, and mental health measurements of 56,679 participants from 34 provinces in China were collected by an online survey from February 28 to March 11, 2020. Of the 56,679 participants included in the study (mean [SD] age, 36.0 [8.2] years), 27,149 (47.9%) were male and 16,454 (29.0%) ever experienced home confinement or centralized quarantine during COVID-19 outbreak. Compared those without quarantine and adjusted for potential confounders, quarantine measures were associated with increased risk of total psychological outcomes (prevalence, 34.1% vs 27.3%; odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.28-1.39; P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that vulnerable groups of the quarantined population included those with pre-existing mental disorders or chronic physical diseases, frontline workers, those in the most severely affected areas during outbreak, infected or suspected patients, and those who are less financially well-off. Complying with quarantine, being able to take part in usual work, and having adequate understanding of information related to the outbreak were associated with less mental health issues. These results suggest that quarantine measures during COVID-19 pandemic are associated with increased risk of experiencing mental health burden, especially for vulnerable groups. Further study is needed to establish interventions to reduce mental health consequences of quarantine and empower wellbeing especially in vulnerable groups under pandemic conditions.

Objective: To analyze the follow-up changes of subjects of anti-cancer clinical trials in our department under the COVID-19 epidemic situation. Methods: The clinical trials were classified. The follow-up status of subjects in our department from February 3 to April 30 and May 6 to 29, 2020 was collected, and the data were input and analyzed by Excel and SPSS 22.0. Results: There were 32 anti-cancer clinical trials in our department. From February 3 to April 30, 2020, 1 049 person times were planned to be followed up, and 658 person times were actually followed up, accounting for 62.73%. The follow-up rate of oral drugs was 93.33%, that of oral drugs combined with non-oral drugs was 87.73%, and that of non-oral drugs was 70.71%. In May 2020, the actual follow-up rate of subjects on site rose to 88.97%, while the number of delayed drug users, the number of external hospital inspectors and the number of non-drug users decreased. Conclusion: The epidemic situation had a great impact on the follow-up of anti-cancer clinical trials in a short time, but did not cause a sustained impact. The establishment of relevant follow-up measures improved the follow-up rate of subjects to some extent. For the affected subject population, further analysis is needed to better guide the follow-up work of subjects under emergency.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has evolved into a worldwide pandemic, and has been found to be closely associated with mental and neurological disorders. We aimed to comprehensively quantify the association between mental and neurological disorders, both pre-existing and subsequent, and the risk of susceptibility, severity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane library databases for studies published from the inception up to January 16, 2021 and updated at July 7, 2021. Observational studies including cohort and case-control, cross-sectional studies and case series that reported risk estimates of the association between mental or neurological disorders and COVID-19 susceptibility, illness severity and mortality were included. Two researchers independently extracted data and conducted the quality assessment. Based on I2 heterogeneity, we used a random effects model to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analysis were also performed. This study was registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD 42021230832). Finding: A total of 149 studies (227,351,954 participants, 89,235,737 COVID-19 patients) were included in this analysis, in which 27 reported morbidity (132,727,798), 56 reported illness severity (83,097,968) and 115 reported mortality (88,878,662). Overall, mental and neurological disorders were associated with a significant high risk of infection (pre-existing mental: OR 1·67, 95% CI 1·12-2·49; and pre-existing neurological: 2·05, 1·58-2·67), illness severity (mental: pre-existing, 1·40, 1·25-1·57; sequelae, 4·85, 2·53-9·32; neurological: pre-existing, 1·43, 1·09-1·88; sequelae, 2·17, 1·45-3·24), and mortality (mental: pre-existing, 1·47, 1·26-1·72; neurological: pre-existing, 2·08, 1·61-2·69; sequelae, 2·03, 1·66-2·49) from COVID-19. Subgroup analysis revealed that association with illness severity was stronger among younger COVID-19 patients, and those with subsequent mental disorders, living in low- and middle-income regions. Younger patients with mental and neurological disorders were associated with higher mortality than elders. For type-specific mental disorders, susceptibility to contracting COVID-19 was associated with pre-existing mood disorders, anxiety, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); illness severity was associated with both pre-existing and subsequent mood disorders as well as sleep disturbance; and mortality was associated with pre-existing schizophrenia. For neurological disorders, susceptibility was associated with pre-existing dementia; both severity and mortality were associated with subsequent delirium and altered mental status; besides, mortality was associated with pre-existing and subsequent dementia and multiple specific neurological diseases. Heterogeneities were substantial across studies in most analysis. Interpretation: The findings show an important role of mental and neurological disorders in the context of COVID-19 and provide clues and directions for identifying and protecting vulnerable populations in the pandemic. Early detection and intervention for neurological and mental disorders are urgently needed to control morbidity and mortality induced by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there was substantial heterogeneity among the included studies, and the results should be interpreted with caution. More studies are needed to explore long-term mental and neurological sequela, as well as the underlying brain mechanisms for the sake of elucidating the causal pathways for these associations. Funding: This study is supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Special Research Fund of PKUHSC for Prevention and Control of COVID-19, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.

COVID-19 might have long-term mental health impacts. We aim to investigate the longitudinal changes in mental problems from initial COVID-19 peak to its aftermath among general public in China. Depression, anxiety and insomnia were assessed among a large-sample nationwide cohort of 10,492 adults during the initial COVID-19 peak (28 February 2020 to 11 March 2020) and its aftermath (8 July 2020 to 8 August 2020) using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Insomnia Severity Index. We used generalized estimating equations and linear mixed models to explore factors associated with long-term mental health symptoms during COVID-19. During the five months, mental health symptoms remained consistently elevated (baseline 46.4%; follow-up 45.1%). Long-term depression, anxiety and insomnia were associated with several personal and work-related factors including quarantine (adjusted OR for any mental health symptoms 1.31, 95%CI 1.22–1.41, p < 0.001), increases in work burden after resuming work (1.77, 1.65–1.90, p < 0.001), occupational exposure risk to COVID-19 (1.26, 1.14–1.40, p < 0.001) and living in places severely affected by initial COVID-19 peak (1.21, 1.04–1.41, p = 0.01) or by a COVID-19 resurgence (1.38, 1.26–1.50, p < 0.001). Compliance with self-protection measures, such as wearing face masks (0.74, 0.61–0.90, p = 0.003), was associated with lower long-term risk of mental problems. The findings reveal a pronounced and prolonged mental health burden from the initial COVID-19 peak through to its aftermath in China. We should regularly monitor the mental health status of vulnerable populations throughout COVID-19.

随着现代化工业的迅速发展,现如今很多新兴的现代化技术应运而生,工业机器人就是其中之一.目前,工业机器人在现代化工业生产中体现出越来越重要的地位.基于此,本文就我国工业机器人进行简要剖析,同时对其未来的发展进行展望.

教材管理信息化是高职院校教学改革和管理的重要组成部分,创新教材管理信息化有利于推进学校管理质量和教学水平.虽然目前高职院校大多教务系统自带有教材征订管理功能,但并非为高职院校定制,一般操作复杂,大而无用的功能居多,不能很好的满足学校教材征订管理的实际需求.本文研究采用微软ASP.NET MVC和Entity Framework技术,设计并实现了一个契合高职院校实际的简单易用的教材征订管理系统.

Objective To characterize the prevalence and burden of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and assess associated factors in the global population with HIV. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase for cross-sectional or cohort studies reporting the prevalence of HAND or its subtypes in HIV-infected adult populations from January 1, 1996, to May 15, 2020, without language restrictions. Two reviewers independently undertook the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. We estimated pooled prevalence of HAND by a random effects model and evaluated its overall burden worldwide. Results Of 5,588 records identified, we included 123 studies involving 35,513 participants from 32 countries. The overall prevalence of HAND was 42.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 39.7–45.5) and did not differ with respect to diagnostic criteria used. The prevalence of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment, mild neurocognitive disorder, and HIV-associated dementia were 23.5% (20.3–26.8), 13.3% (10.6–16.3), and 5.0% (3.5–6.8) according to the Frascati criteria, respectively. The prevalence of HAND was significantly associated with the level of CD4 nadir, with a prevalence of HAND higher in low CD4 nadir groups (mean/median CD4 nadir <200 45.2% [40.5–49.9]) vs the high CD4 nadir group (mean/median CD4 nadir ≥200 37.1% [32.7–41.7]). Worldwide, we estimated that there were roughly 16,145,400 (95% CI 15,046,300–17,244,500) cases of HAND in HIV-infected adults, with 72% in sub-Saharan Africa (11,571,200 cases, 95% CI 9,600,000–13,568,000). Conclusions Our findings suggest that people living with HIV have a high burden of HAND in the antiretroviral therapy (ART) era, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Earlier initiation of ART and sustained adherence to maintain a high-level CD4 cell count and prevent severe immunosuppression is likely to reduce the prevalence and severity of HAND.

What is already known on this topic? The public was at elevated risk of mental health illnesses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, so accessibility to psychological knowledge and interventions is vital to promptly respond to mental health crises. What is added by this report? During the pandemic period, 40,724 (71.9%) participants reportedly had access to psychological knowledge, and 36,546 (64.5%) participants had accessed information on psychological interventions. Participants who were male, unmarried, living alone, divorced or widowed, or infected with COVID-19 were less likely to access psychological knowledge and intervention. What are the implications for public health practice? Governments should pay more attention to formulate policies, popularize psychological education, and provide mental health services online or in the community.