目的 运用Minitab对磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)设备性能的长期稳定性进行分析.方法 利用Minitab 17.0软件分析3台MRI设备(MRI-1、MRI-2和MRI-3)性能的长期稳定性,分析项目包括影像均匀性、信噪比、层厚和纵横比;使用时间轴序列法对性能指标中的空间分辨力进行研究.结果 性能检测多数项目的长期质量控制过程为Ⅰ级,过程性能指数Pp＞1.67;MRI-1和MRI-2设备所有检测项目过程性能均为Ⅱ级及以上;MRI-3设备的影像均匀性处于Ⅳ级,应查找原因并增加检测频次.结论 通过使用Minitab对磁共振成像设备进行过程能力分析,可以客观地判断MRI设备生命周期内的性能稳定性,有助于了解设备运行状态,确定质量控制检测频率;通过过程性能分析结果可以判断设备保养情况和关键部件更换周期,保障设备性能处于良好状态,为诊疗服务提供可靠的保障.

目的 以人机交互研究取向的可用性概念作为依据,对数字X线摄影术(Digital Radiography,DR)设备的人机交互可用性进行研究.方法 采用专家调研法确定可用性评价的项目指标,采用德尔菲法建立可用性评价模型.对5款国产DR设备分别进行评分,对比不同型号间的可用性评价结果.结果 5款DR设备的可用性评分总分均值和各接口的评分均值在3个组别间均有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中少于3个月组的评分明显低于其他组评分,其他两组间无显著区别(P>0.05).此外,不同型号的DR设备的可用性评价结果,在总分均值和1年以上组别中有显著不同.结论 可用性评价可以全面的评价DR设备各人机接口的安全性和有效性,有助于DR设备的研发改进,促进国产设备完善升级.

目的 评价正电子发射断层显像/X 线计算机体层成像仪(Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography,PET/CT)设备在投入临床使用中的可靠性,分析影响质控通过率的关键参数,探索设备在使用中可靠性评价的具体实践方法.方法 回顾分析PET/CT设备维修维护记录,统计PET/CT设备的可用度、维修、维护相关参数.分析PET探测器矩阵晶体位置校准(LUT漂移系数)、能量漂移、飞行时间技术的数据校准(TOF漂移通过率),并进行Pearson相关分析.结果 固有可用度Ainh和可达可用度Aa在98%以上,两者变化趋势一致,Aa略低;平均故障间隔时间峰值出现在第4年,高于启用前3年平均水平;LUT漂移系数质控通过率100%,与系统湿度呈显著性负相关(r=-0.133,P=0.025);能量漂移系数质控通过率78.32%,其与外环温度存在显著性相关(r=0.162,P=0.006),需关注机房温湿度.结论 PET/CT设备在启用的第4年由初期阶段转入正常期阶段.PET探测器的能量漂移系数易超出范围,其与环境因素相关.研究总结出临床使用中PET/CT可靠性评价的实践方法,为提高设备可靠性提供了参考信息,为设备之间可靠性对比提供了参考方案.

目的:运用过程能力分析方法对CT设备长期稳定性进行分析.方法:依据国家标准《X射线计算机断层摄影装置质量保证检测规范》(GB17589-2011),利用Minitab 17.0软件对3台CT设备(CT-1、CT-2和CT-3)的长期稳定性进行过程能力分析,检测项目包括水的CT值、均匀性、噪声、CT值线性、低对比度分辨力、CT剂量指数(CTDIw)和重建层厚偏差.采用时间序列图对空间分辨力进行分析.结果:所有检测项目的测量值均符合GB17589-2011标准限值要求;大部分检测项目的长期质量控制过程处于Ⅱ级及以上水平,且过程性能指数(Pp)≥1.33;重建层厚偏差(s≤2 mm)的过程能力处于Ⅲ级及以下水平(Pp<1.33);CT-3的长期稳定性优于CT-2.结论:通过过程能力分析,可以客观地判断CT性能的长期稳定性情况.对于每台CT设备,通过定期执行稳定性检测,并利用过程能力分析检测结果的变化情况,可以判断其维护保养是否到位,更好的保障设备性能和诊疗质量.

目的:分析距离、角度和测量部位等因素对红外测温仪测量结果的影响,提高防疫期间体温监测的准确性.方法:选取北京地区24名健康志愿者作为体温测量的受试者,采用两种常用国产品牌(A型和B型)红外测温仪,分别采集受试者不同测量距离(1～3 cm、3～5 cm和5～7 cm)、不同测量角度(额头正前垂直、向下倾斜45°)和不同测量部位(额头、内关)的体温测量数据,连续测量7 d,排除缺项后共纳入60组体温测量值数据.同时采用水银体温计测量受试者腋温行自身对照,分析比较不同角度、距离和部位的测量数据.结果:不同测温角度中红外测温仪于有效距离内"垂直"和"斜下"方向的额温,A型红外测温仪3～5 cm和B型红外测温仪1～3 cm垂直和斜下测量差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.62,Z=-4.37;P<0.05).A型红外测温仪和B型红外测温仪垂直测额温距离皮肤1～3 cm、3～5 cm和5～7 cm测温结果比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=24.06,F=26.97;P<0.05).A型红外测温仪距皮肤1～3 cm和3～5 cm测量内关温与额温比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=-4.99,t=-5.006;P<0.01);B型红外测温仪距皮肤1～3 cm测量内关温与额温比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-5.13,P<0.01).结论:测温角度的改变会对测量产生影响,尤其在测量距离增加情况下.当超过有效测量距离时随着距离增加,测量数据准确性将会下降.相较于额温,正常体温人群的内关温更接近于腋温.

BACKGROUND:Vertebroplasty (VP), kyphoplasty (KP), SpineJack system (SJ), radiofrequency kyphoplasty (RFK), Kiva system (Kiva), Sky kyphoplasty system (SK), and conservative treatment are widely used in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). However, it is still unknown which is the best intervention. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of VP, KP, SJ, RFK, Kiva, SK, and CT in the treatment of OVCFs. METHODS:Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing VP, KP, SJ, RFK, Kiva, SK, or CT for the treatment of OVCFs were identified on the basis of databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Springer Link. A network meta-analysis was performed using STATA 15.1. RESULTS:A total of 56 studies with 6974 patients and 7 interventions were included in this study. The results of the surface under the cumulative probability demonstrated that SK was the best intervention in decreasing VAS scores and recovering middle vertebral height, RFK was the best intervention in improving ODI scores and decreasing incidence of new fractures, SJ was the best intervention to restore kyphosis angle, and Kiva was the best intervention to reduce incidence of bone cement leakage. Cluster analysis showed that SK was the preferable intervention on the basis of the outcomes of VAS, ODI, middle vertebral height, and kyphotic angle, and RFK was the preferable treatment in decreasing the incidence of adverse events. In our network meta-analysis, node-splitting analysis and loop inconsistency analysis showed no significant inconsistencies. CONCLUSIONS:SK may be the most effective treatment in relieving pain, improving the quality of life, and recovering vertebral body height and kyphotic angle, while RFK may be the safest intervention for OVCFs. However, considering the limitations of this study, more high-quality trials are needed in the future to confirm the current conclusion.

Objective: To research the effects of time of flight (TOF) technique and point spread function (PSF) algorithms on the image quality of PET in the image reconstruction of integrated PET-MR. Methods: The NU 2-2007 protocol of NEMA was followed. The image quality phantom following IEC Standard 61675-1 was adopted in the research. All scan and image reconstruction were performed on PET/MR and matched AW4.6 workstation of GE SIGNA. Different algorithms (TOF+PSF, TOF+non-PSF, non-TOF+PSF, and non-TOF+non-PSF) were applied in image reconstruction of PET. The obtained PET images were quantitatively evaluated and analyzed by following parameters: contrast recovery of hot and cold spheres (QHand QC), background variability (Nj) and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of hot spheres. Results: For quantitative image quality evaluation, results of (non-TOF+non-PSF) were used as reference. The average QHof (non-TOF+PSF), (TOF+non-PSF) and (TOF+PSF) were increased 7.61%, 20.94% and 40.17%, respectively. The average QCof TOF alone and (TOF+PSF) were increased 11.29% and 12.32%, respectively. The average Nmeanof PSF alone, TOF alone and (TOF+PSF) were decreased 2.28%, 21.44% and 30.03%, respectively. And the SNR of PSF alone, TOF alone and (TOF+PSF) were increased 11.52%, 44.28% and 92.70%, respectively. Conclusion: Both TOF and PSF can improve the overall image quality of PET, and it is more obvious when they are used in combination.

Objective:To analyze the significance of quality control system of infusion pump and injection pump in enhancing use value of equipment and ensuring safety of clinical usage. Methods: The quality control plan and test method of infusion pump and injection pump were concluded. The trend of routine repair of infusion pump and injection pump from 2013 to 2016 was analyzed. The repairing data of injection pump in recent 2 years were classified according to various failure reasons, and then all of these data were analyzed.Results:The establishment and implement of quality control system of infusion pump and injection pump can reduce daily failure rate of the two kind of pumps, and especially reduce the failure caused by self-aging of equipment. However, it has no obvious improvement on the routine failure due to mal-operation and human damage of paramedics.Conclusion:The hospital shall strengthen the management for the formulating and implementing of quality and control planning and for the training and assessing of paramedics so as to ensure the safety of clinical care and reduce the occurrence of adverse event in medical treatment.

Objective: A three-dimensional energy distribution over the whole brain will be displayed by analyzing the brain magnetic data, so as to reflect the neurological activity of the brain accurately. Methods:The brain magnetic signal was processed with wavelet function to get frequency domain data. The energy information is mapped to the corresponding sensors’ position. In order to show the energy distribution, the author interpolated between sensors, created three-dimensional patches. For the purpose of validating, MEG data from a finger exercise testing subject was analyzed. Moreover, data of particular frequency was discussed also. Results: What it shows is consistent with description on event related synchronization. Actually the movements activated contralateral primary motor cortex (MI), bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA). Conclusion:Because of reflecting neurological activity accurately, it is said this method provides a valuable reference to analyze brain activity and locate neural activity.