Objective To understand the drinking and smoking situation of the servicemen in Northwest regions. Methods 973 of Servicemen aged45 yrs from troops in Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai provinces were investigated by stratified cluster random Sampling on their smoking, drinking and age, education level. The data was analyzed by the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis with SPSS13.0 software. Results The smoking rate was 46.97% , drinking and excessive drinking rate was 61.77% and 18.60%, respectively. Smoking rate in servicemen aged 20-29 yrs was higher than those in aged above 30 and under 20 yrs (OR=1.59, 95%CI=1.05-2.39), officer drinking and excessive drinking rate were higher than soldiers (OR 2.97, 95%CI 1.50-5.88; OR 2.91, 95%CI 1.45-5.86). Conclusion Smoking and excessive drinking rates are relatively high in the servicemen of Northwest regions; the armed force should focus on the health education of the servicemen.