1 临床资料 患者女,76岁.半年前发现双侧腋下出现小米粒大小肤色丘疹,伴瘙痒,后逐渐增多,且上背部、乳房下、髂部及下肢相继出现类似皮疹.曾多处就诊,未确诊,外涂“医用醋”治疗,涂后周围变红,稍变小,疗效欠佳.既往体健,家族中无类似病史.皮肤科检查:背部、腋下、胸下、髂部及下肢可见针尖至小米粒大小、密集排列、近肤色网顶状丘疹,质韧,有光泽,聚集成片互不融合.腋下伴有皮肤增厚、颜色加深,可见结痂与抓痕.(图1)腋下皮疹组织病理检查:真皮浅层可见一表皮样囊肿,囊壁有一到两层细胞,细胞扁平,囊内可见嗜酸性淡染的板层状角质物.

Objective To examine the prevalence and risk factors of allergic rhinitis in Beijing region. Methods A total of 2 215 residents were selected with stratified cluster sampling and surveyed with a questionnaire,physical examination and skin prick test on allergic rhinitis. Results The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 25. 72% and there was no significant between-gender difference in the prevalence(P 0. 05). The partiapants of 21-30 years old had the highest prevalence rate and there were statistical between-age group difference(P 0. 05). Occupation,living environmental pollution,cockroaches and other insects in house,with parental allergic rhinitis history,pollen allergies,asthma history,and occupational exposure to dust were influencing factors of allergic rhinitis(all P 0. 05). The results of multi-factor logistic regression show ed that living environmental pollution(odds ratio[OR]= 2. 437),parental history of allergic rhinitis(OR = 8. 546),pollen allergies(OR = 3. 752),history of asthma(OR = 1. 873),and occupational dust exposure(OR = 3. 182) were the risk factors of allergic rhinitis. Conclusion The prevalence of allergic rhinits is higher in young adults but then decreases with the increment of age among the residents in Beijing region.