From the perspective of the demand of marine ecosystem service function, this paper collects, sorts out and analyzes the marine ecological restoration related work by reclamation survey, mainland coastline survey, island coastline survey, blue bay application, coastal zone restoration project, ecological assessment and restoration of reclamation projects in counties (cities and districts). The successful experience of marine ecological restoration is analyzed, summarized and explored to present a relatively complete and typical marine ecological restoration scheme. Through the case study of typical ecological restoration, the optimized marine ecological restoration procedure is established. According to the development status and problems of different sea areas and coastal zones, the most suitable marine ecological restoration scheme is found, so as to solve specific marine environmental problems, and provide case reference and theoretical basis for subsequent marine ecological restoration.

随着海洋强国战略思想和”一带一路”建设的推进,发展海洋经济,维护海洋权益、实施海洋工程和科学研究等都需要海洋测绘技术.对海洋测绘技术发展现状进行分析研究,并提出了相应的措施和建议.

本文针对目前浙江省海洋工程环境监管制度、环境监理的现状和存在的问题做了简要分析,并列举了典型的海洋工程环境监理特点.提出完善当前海洋工程监理技术规范,改进监理方式方法,加强海洋工程全过程环境监管,以此保证环保措施落实到位,海洋环境竣工验收顺利实行,对海洋工程环境监理工作的推进具有一定的意义.

Whether in the past, present and future, marine ecological environment is the most important part in the history of human development, we can call it the "patron saint" of mankind. It provides all kinds of resources and energy needed for social production, and plays an irreplaceable role in species diversity and ecological balance. However, the weakening of self-purification ability of marine ecosystem, the decline of pollution purification ability, the deterioration of marine ecological environment, and the decline of biological resources and biodiversity ,etc. all these bring fatal impact to coastal areas and even the whole terrestrial ecosystem, it is imminent to strengthen ecological protection. It is our bounden duty to protect the living environment of human. We have the right to enjoy the convenience brought by the natural environment, so we should fulfill the obligation to protect it.[Chinese Library Classification Number] X31 [Document Code] A

加大海洋资源的深度开发与保护,是当前研究的重要方向.但是近年来,一些不合理的开发和利用给海洋环境和资源带来一定的负面影响,严重阻碍生态环境的可持续发展,不利于海洋资源的有效开发和利用.为了更好地建立海洋开发的环保生态模式,促进海洋资源的持续健康发展,本文从海洋资源现状问题出发,探讨了海洋资源开发的远景规划,最后研究了海洋资源开发和保护的策略.

为全面发挥象山海洋优势、 优化产业结构,加快石浦卫星城市建设,推进海洋生态文明建设和国家全域旅游.文章阐述了象山石浦海洋资源概况,分析其保护与利用现状,合理架构海洋空间布局,明确重要海岛战略定位,科学提出重点建设方向,以期为海洋保护和开发利用的建设及管理工作提供科学指导和参考.

海洋生态文明建设是社会主义生态文明建设的重要组成部分,国家海洋局在积极引导沿海各城市创建海洋生态文明示范区.为促进地方经济发展,在浙江省政府的协调下,宁波市响应国家海洋局号召开展生态示范区创建工作.然而,在海洋生态示范区创建过程中,环境是较为突出的问题,由此开展的海洋漂浮垃圾防治也成为海洋生态示范区创建中的重要建设内容.文章以浙江省宁波市为例,基于对宁波市海洋漂浮垃圾污染现状与防治情况的调研,结合宁波沿海县市区创建海洋生态建设示范区的要求,分析了海洋漂浮垃圾治理面临的机遇和问题,并提出了治理措施及建议.

Marine ecological civilization is an important part of ecological civilization. This paper would like to take the opportunity to constructing marine ecological civilization demonstration area in Shengsi County, Zhoushan, analyzing the current strengths and problems facing the marine ecological civilization construction and proposing some measures, which would provide references for the island county to constructing marine ecological civilization demonstration area in Zhejiang or even in other province, China.

为系统研究渔山岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落结构与生物多样性,作者于2009年3月至2010年1月在该岛潮间带布设5条断面进行了4个季节的取样,调查大型底栖动物种类组成、生物量和丰度,并分析了多样性状况.结果显示:共鉴定出大型底栖动物100种;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Pielou均匀度指数(J)、Margalef物种丰富度指数(R)和Simpson多样性指数(D)的周年平均值分别为3.328±0.109、0.725±0.021、4.350±0.216和0.823±0.016.One-Way ANOVA分析结果表明,多样性指数(H')和物种丰富度指数(R)在断面间表现出显著(H':F4.15=3.192,P＜0.05)与极显著差异(R:F4,15=5.623,P＜0.01),均匀度(J)和多样性指数(D)的季节性差异达到显著水平(J:F3,16=6.575,P＜0.01;D:F3.16=3.359,P＜0.05).渔山岛潮间带大型底栖动物的群落结构分化明显,季节性的节律变化显著.ABC曲线分析表明:虽然仅夏季大型底栖动物群落受到了轻微的扰动,但潮间带生物群落已处于受潜在干扰的边缘.

Based on macrobenthic samples collected from five intertidal stations in the Yushan Island during March 2009 the macrobenthic community was analysized using PRIMER 5.0,of which CLUSTER,DIVERSE and ABC functions were adopted. Ninety species were found in the five sations,including 3 species of Coelenterata,11 species of Annelida,45 species of Mollusca,19 species of Arthropoda, 6 species of Echinodermata and 6 other species.The average biomass and density in all locations were 5 307.06 g/m2 and 2 323.20 ind/m2 respectively.The mollusca had the highest biomass and abundance among all macrobenthic fauna.Shannon-Wiener index H′=2.052 （1.421-2.417）,Simpson′s diversity index D=0.577 （0.497-0.624）, Margalef index d=2.477 （1.396-3.223） and Pielou index J=0.590 （0.484-0.648）. The ABC Curve of the intertidal zone of Yushan Island showed that the marcobenthic fauna communities were moderately disturbed by all kinds of pollution.

In order to understand the current status of macrobenthos in intertidal zone of Yushan Islands, macrobenthos samples were collected from 5 sections in the intertidal zone in four seasons from March 2009 to January 2010, with the density, biomass, secondary productivity, and P/B value of the macrobenthos investigated by using Brey's empirical formula. The mean density of the marobenthos was 1419.5 ind x m(-2), mean biomass in ash free dry mass (AFDM) was 565.53 g x m(-2), mean annual secondary productivity was 285.58 g x m(-2) x a(-1) (AFDM), and mean annual P/B value was 0.51. The secondary productivity was mainly affected by mollusca and gastropda, with five critical species Septifer virgatus, Modiolus modiolus, Serpulorbis imbricata, Tetraclita japonica, and T. squamosa contributed 84.0% of the total. The P/B value in the study area was lower than that in other sea areas, showing that the generation turnover rate of the macrobenthos in the intertidal zone of Yushan Islands was slower, and the community structure was more stable.